November 7, 1728 - Marton, England - James Cook is born
November 14, 1728 - Marton, England - James Cook is baptized in the parish of St. Cuthbert
January(?) 1(?), 1736 - Great Ayton - Cook family moves to Airey Holme farm at Great Ayton, where James father's employer, pays for him to attend the local school
January(?) 1(?), 1741 - Great Aylon - James begins working for his father, who had been promoted to farm manager
January(?) 1(?), 1745 - Staithes - 16-year old Cook moves 32km to the fishing village of Staithes, to be apprenticed as a shop boy to grocer and haberdasher William Sanderson
January(?) 1(?), 1746 - Whitby - After 18 months, not proving suitable for shop work, Cook travels to the nearby port town of Whitby to be introduced to friends of Sanderson's, John and Henry Walker. The Walkers, who were Quakers, were prominent local ship-owners in the coal trade. Cook is taken on as a merchant navy apprentice in their small fleet of vessels, plying coal along the English coast. His first assignment is aboard the collier "Freelove", and spends several years on this and various other coasters, sailing between the Tyne and London. As part of his apprenticeship, Cook applies himself to the study of algebra, geometry, trigonometry, navigation and astronomy—all skills he would need one day to command his own ship
January(?) 1(?), 1752 - ? - Cook passes his examinations. Promoted to mate aboard the collier brig "Friendship"
June 17, 1755 - Wapping - One month after being offered the command of the "Friendship", James Cook Joins the Royal Navy =(START)
January 22, 1756 - Promoted to Boatswain at £4 per month
March 13, 1756 - Sails in HMS Eagle for Cape Barfleur, Cherbourg Peninsula
March 19, 1756 - Cherbourg | Off Brittany Coast - Arrives at Cherbourg and off Brittany Coast
April 4, 1756 - Cook joins british squadron of 3 ships and 2 cutters. Cook is briefly master of the "Cruizer", a small cutter attached to "HMS Eagle" while on patrol
April 6, 1756 - Off Morlaix | Off Tragoz Rocks - "Cruizer" off Morlaix
April 21, 1756 - Boards HMS Falmouth to return to Plymouth
April 27, 1756 - Plymouth - Cook transfers to HMS St.Albans
April 30, 1756 - Plymouth - HMS St.Albans departs to Ouessant
May 3, 1756 - Off Ouessant - Cook rejoins HMS Eagle
May 20, 1756 - Bay of Biscay - HMS Eagle takes two prize ships. Cook takes command of one - the Triton - to return to Plymouth
May 26(?), 1756 - Plymouth - Cook arrives in Plymouth with the Triton
June 10(?), 1756 - London - Cook takes the Triton to London
July 1, 1756 - Plymouth - Cook rejoins HMS Eagle, while the ship is refitting
August 4, 1756 - Plymouth - HMS Eagle departs for convoy work in the Channel and Off Ouessant
November 1(?), 1756 - Plymouth - HMS Eagle returns to Plymouth
December 29, 1756 - Plymouth - HMS Eagle departs from Plymouth
January 4, 1757 - Off Isle of Wight | Spithead - Off Isle of Wight with storms. The ship returns to Spithead
January 7(?), 1757 - Plymouth - Retuns to Plymouth
January 30, 1757 - Plymouth - HMS Eagle departs to Bay of Biscay
April 15, 1757 - Plymouth - HMS Eagle returns to Plymouth
May 25, 1757 - Plymouth - HMS Eagle departs from Plymouth
May 30, 1757 - Off Ouessant - HMS Eagle engages and defeats the french 50-gun "Duc d'Aquitain", which is towed to Plymouth
June 29, 1757 - Trinity House, Deptford - Cook passes his master's examinations, which qualify him to navigate and handle a ship of the King's fleet
July(?) 1(?), 1757 - Yorkshire - Probably home in Yorkshire
July 30, 1757 - Leith, Scotland - Discharged from the "Eagle", Cook joins the frigate "HMS Solebay" as master under Captain Robert Craig
August 2, 1757 - Leith, Scotland - HMS Solebay sails from Leith to Stoneham, Buchan Ness, Copinsay (Orkneys), Fair Isle and Lerwick
August 9, 1757 - Lerwick - HMS Solebay reaches Lerwick
August 19, 1757 - Stromness - HMS Solebay arrives at Stromness
August 30(?), 1757 - Leith, Scotland - HMS Solebay returns to Leith
September 7, 1757 - Leith, Scotland - James Cook is discharged from "HMS Solebay"
October 27, 1757 - Portsmouth - Cook is appointed master of "HMS Pembroke" (Captain James Simcoe)
December 8, 1757 - Portsmouth - HMS Pembroke departs to the Bay of Biscay and Cape Finisterre
February 9, 1758 - Portsmouth - HMS Pembroke returns to Portsmouth
James Cook in Canada
February 22, 1758 - Plymouth - Cook departs for North America as master of "HMS Pembroke" (Fleet under Admiral Boscawen)
March(?) 5(?), 1758 - Tenerife, Canary Islands - Call at Tenerife
May(?) 1(?), 1758 - Bermuda - Call at Bermuda
May 9, 1758 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - The british fleet arrives at Halifax, where army and navy units spend most of May training together for the invasion
May 29, 1758 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - The Royal Navy fleet of 150 transport ships (14,000 soldiers) and 40 men-of-war depart for Louisbourg
June 7, 1758 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - HMS Pembroke departs to Louisbourg, Cape Breton Island
June 12, 1758 - Louisbourg, Cape Breton Island - HMS Pembroke arrives at Louisbourg - out at sea because of storms
July 26, 1758 - Louisbourg, Cape Breton Island - The french surrender
July 27, 1758 - Kennington Cove - Cook lands at Kennington Cove. Meets Samuel Holland, engineer with General Wolfe
July 28, 1758 - Kennington Cove - Cook receives instructions from Holland on surveying
August 3, 1758 - Louisbourg, Cape Breton Island - At Louisbourg
August 28, 1758 - Louisbourg, Cape Breton Island - Cook sails from Louisbourg for the Gulf of St.Lawrence and Bay of Gaspé
September 1(?), 1758 - Gaspé Harbour - Cook surveys Gaspé Harbour
October 2, 1758 - Louisbourg, Cape Breton Island - Cook returns to Louisbourg
November 14, 1758 - Louisbourg, Cape Breton island - Cook sails to Halifax
November 19, 1758 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - Cook Arrives at Halifax for the winter
January 1(?), 1759 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - Cook works with Holland on charts of the St.Lawrence, Newfoundland and sailing direction for the Cape Breton area
May 5, 1759 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - Cook sails from Halifax for Québec
May 7, 1759 - Cook encounters sea-ice for the first time
May 16, 1759 - Anticosti Island - Cook Assists with burial of Captain Simcoe at Anticosti Island. Captain John Wheelock succeeds to HMS Pembroke
May 19, 1759 - St.Lawrence Estuary - HMS Pembroke sails into the St.Lawrence Estuary
May 20, 1759 - Barnaby Island - HMS Pembroke arrives at Barnaby Island
June 5, 1759 - Ile d'Orleans, near Québec - HMS Pembroke arrives at the Ile d'Orleans, in the river St.Lawrence, close to Québec
June 27, 1759 - Québec Basin - In the Québec Basin
July 7, 1759 - Port Lewis - HMS Pembroke anchors at Port Lewis for blockade of Québec
July 18, 1758 - Up river - sounding channels
September 11, 1759 - Beauport - Laying buoys in channel at Beauport
September 18, 1759 - Québec - Quebec surrenders. May have landed in ship’s boat. Appointed Master of HMS Northumberland (Captain Lord Colville)
October 30(?), 1759 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - At Halifax for the winter. Cook commences surveying Halifax Harbour
April 22, 1760 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - HMS Northumberland sails to Québec
April 24, 1760 - Stuck in ice
May 12, 1760 - in ice-field
May 18, 1760 - Québec - HMS Northumberland arrives at Québec to support military operations
September 7, 1760 - Québec - Canada surrenders
October 10, 1760 - Québec - HMS Northumberland sails from Québec
October 25, 1760 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - HMS Northumberland arrives at Halifax. (the ship remains there until August 1762)
January(?) 1(?), 1761 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - Cook pursues his appointment as master of HMS Northumberland, as the ship is careened and overhauled. Probably did some surveying
August 10, 1762 - Halifax, Nova Scotia - HMS Northumberland sets sail for Placentia, Newfoundland, in company with "HMS Gosport", "King George" and a sloop
August 14, 1762 - Placentia, Newfoundland - The Squadron drops anchor at Placentia and sails directly for St.John's
August 16(?), 1762 - Off Bay Bulls (S of St.John's) - Charting
September 13, 1762 - Torbay, N of St.John's - Cook helps transport-ships to land troops north of St.John's
September 19, 1762 - St.John's | Harbour Grace | Carbonear - Cook arrives at St. John’s. Makes soundings, and surveys Harbour Grace and Carbonear
October 7, 1762 - St.John's - Cook departs to England
October 26, 1762 - Spithead, England - Cook arrives in England
December 3, 1762 - The Seven Years' War ends!
December 5, 1762 - London(?) - Cook is payed off. He quickly presents to the Lords of The Admiralty his draughts and observations made during the war in N. America
December 21, 1762 - Barking, Essex - James Cook marries Elizabeth Batts, at St. Margaret's Church
January 1(?), 1763 - Shadwell | London - In lodgings at Shadwell. Visits the Tower of London to consult with the Ordnance Office, and purchases surveying instruments to the value of £68 11s. 8d.
April 19, 1763 - London - Cook is appointed Surveyor in Newfoundland at 10s.0d. per day
May 4, 1763 - Plymouth - Cook joins HMS Antelope, as Supernumary, in Plymouth Sound
May 15, 1763 - Plymouth - HMS Antelope departs for Newfoundland
June 11, 1763 - Cape Race | Trepassey Harbour, Newfoundland - HMS Antelope arrives at Cape Race and Trepassey Harbour
June 13, 1763 - St.Pierre et Miquelon Islands - Joins HMS Tweed to survey St. Pierre and Miquelon Islands
July 3, 1763 - Langley and Miquelon Isles - Completes survey of St. Pierre and moves to Langley and Miquelon Isles
July 12, 1763 - Grand Miquelon - Completes Langley (Petite Miquelon) Island and moves to Grand Miquelon
July 25, 1763 - Grand Barachois - Completes Dunne Harbour (now Grand Barachois)
July 31, 1763 - Miquelon - Completes Miquelon. The Islands now handed over to the French
August 10(?), 1763 - Coast of Labrador - Aboard HMS Tweed to Ferryland and St. John’s. Joins HMS Grenville and sails for North Newfoundland. Surveys Quirpon, Noddy Harbour and York Harbour (Labrador Coast)
September 30(?), 1763 - St.John's - Cook returns to St.John's and sails from there in "HMS Tweed" for home
November 29, 1763 - Spithead, England - Arrives Spithead. Sees son, James, born 13th. October, and buys house; No.7, Assembly Row, Stepney: later 88, Mile End Road
March 1(?), 1764 - Cook corresponds with Hugh Palliser about maps, fishing rights and territorial limits of Newfoundland.
April 18, 1764 - Cook is appointed master of HMS Grenville at £4 per month.
May 7, 1764 - Portsmouth - Sails in "HMS Lark" from Portsmouth.
July 1, 1764 - St.John's - Cook joins HMS Grenville at St. John’s
July 4, 1764 - St.John's - Leaves St.John's
July 5, 1764 - Carouge Harbour - Arrives at Carouge Harbour
July 14, 1764 - Sacred Bay | Onion Cape (Cap d'Ognon) - At Sacred Bay and Onion Cape (Cap d’Ognon)
July 21, 1764 - Pistolet Bay - At Pistolet Bay
August 2, 1764 - Cape Norman - Off Cape Norman. Goes Ashore the next day
August 6, 1764 - Noddy Harbour - At Noddy Harbour. Exploding powder horn injures right hand.
September 14, 1764 - St.Genevieve Bay - At St. Genevieve Bay
September 28, 1764 - St.Margaret Bay, Point Ferrol - At St. Margaret Bay, Point Ferrol. Small boat damaged
October 1, 1764 - N and E Coast of St.John's - Sails along N. and E. coast to St. John’s
October 14, 1764 - St.John's - Arrives at St.John's
November 1, 1764 - St.John's - Sails from St.John's for winter at England
December 4, 1764 - Cutwater, Plymouth - Cook arrives at Cutwater, England
December 12, 1764 - Woolwich - At Woolwich. HMS Grenville to be overhauled at Deptford
December 14, 1764 - Yorkshire - At home. Second son, Nathaniel, is born same day
April 28, 1765 - The Downs - Cook sails aboard "HMS Grenville" for Newfoundland
June 2, 1765 - Great St.Lawrence Harbour, Placentia Bay - Cook returns to Newfoundland
June 12, 1765 - Into Fortune Bay, Bay of Despair, Lawn Bay, Lamaline Islands and Harbour Breton
July 14, 1765 - Great Garnish - At Great Garnish
July 21, 1765 - Grenville’s brig runs ashore
September 25, 1765 - Ship Cove - At Ship Cove, overhauls ship
October 10, 1765 - Ship Cove - Sails from Ship Cove for St. John’s
October 20, 1765 - St.John's - Arrives at St.John's
November 5, 1765 - St.John's - Sails from St.John's for winter at England
December 17, 1765 - Deptford - Cook returns to England
April 20, 1766 - Deptford - Cook sails from Deptford aboard HMS Grenville for Newfoundland.
May 29, 1766 - Off Cape Race, Newfoundland - Cook returns to Newfoundland
June 1, 1766 - Bonne Bay - At Bonne Bay
June 7, 1766 - Facheux Bay - At Facheux Bay
June 17, 1766 - Off Cape La Hune, Penguin Islands
June 27, 1766 - Cape Cove
July 17, 1766 - White Bay
July 23, 1766 - Grandy’s Cove, Burgec Islands
August 5, 1766 - Eclipse Island, Burgeo Islands - Cook observes the eclipse of Sun
September 10, 1766 - Port Aux Basques, Cape Ray, Codroy Road, Cape Anguille
October 20, 1766 - La Poile Bay - At La Poile Bay; sails for St. John’s
October 27, 1766 - St.John's - Arrives St. John’s. (Joseph Banks was here at this time)
November 4, 1766 - St.John's - Cook sails for England
November 23, 1766 - Off Beachy Head - Cook sights the South coast of England
November(?) 28(?), 1766 - Deptford - Cook returns to England
April 1, 1767 - Deptford(?) - Sails aboard HMS Grenville for Newfoundland
April 5, 1767 - Involved in collision
April 10, 1767 - Woolwich - Leaves Woolwich
May 9, 1767 - Off Cape Race - Cook returns to Newfoundland
May 15, 1767 - In Codroy Road. Surveys in St. George’s Bay, Cape St. George, Red Island, Port au Port - Meets Mickmak Indians
June 5, 1767 - East Bay - At East Bay
June 15, 1767 - Fox Island - At Fox Island
June 29, 1767 - In Bay of (Three) Islands. (He called them Pearl, Tweed and Guernsey)
July 7, 1767 - Bonne Bay - At Bonne Bay
July 24, 1767 - Ingornachoix Bay | Old Port au Choix - At Ingornachoix Bay and Old Port au Choix
August 25, 1767 - Twin Islands - At Twin Islands
August 31, 1767 - York Harbour | Bay of Islands
September 24, 1767 - Bay of Islands - Leaves Bay of Islands
October 14, 1767 - St;John's - Arrives at St.John's
October 23, 1767 - St.John's - Cook sets sail from St.Johns's to England
November 8, 1767 - Off Isle of Wight - Cook sights the Coast of England
November 9, 1767 - Deal - Cook anchors at Deal
November 10, 1767 - Off the Nore - Runs aground
November 11, 1767 - Off Sheerness - Floats off and anchors off Sheerness
November 15, 1767 - Deptford - Cook arrives at Deptford. Goes home and works on charts and sailing directions during the winter of 1767-1768
First Voyage (1768 - 1771)
 |
| HMS Endeavour |
August 26, 1768 - Plymouth - James Cook departs from England, carrying 94 people and 18 months of provisions
September 12, 1768 - Off Porto Santo Island - Cook sights the Islands of Porto Santo and Desertas (Madeira)
September 13, 1768 - Funchal, Madeira Island - Cook anchors at Funchal
September 16, 1768 - Funchal, Madeira Island - Crewmen Henry Stevens and Thomas Dunster are punished with twelve lashes for not wanting to receive their payment of fresh meat
September 19, 1768 - Funchal, Madeira Island - After loading the ship with all sorts of provisions, Cook departs at midnight 18/19th
September 22, 1768 - Off Selvagens Islands - Cook sails near the Selvagens Islands
October 25, 1768 - Line of the Equator - The line of the Equator is crossed
October 28, 1768 - 60 miles E of Fernando de Noronha Islands, Brazil
November 8, 1768 - Coast of Brazil - Cook sights the Coastline of Brazil
November 13, 1768 - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - Cook reaches Rio de Janeiro
December 5, 1768 - Rio de Janeiro - After the "Endeavour" is loaded with fresh food and water, Cook departs for Cape Horn
January 11, 1769 - Coast of Tierra Del Fuego, Argentina - Tierra del Fuego is sighted
January 13, 1769 - Straits of Le Maire - Cook enters the Straits of Le Maire with difficulty
January 15, 1769 - Bay of Success, opposite Staten Island (Strait of Le Maire) - Cook anchors in the Bay of Success, where the crew trades with the Fuegians
January 21, 1769 - Bay of Success, opposite Staten Island (Strait of Le Maire) - The expedition continues in a southwesterly direction
January 25, 1769 - Cape Horn - Cook passes the Cape with little danger, with great surprise
January 30, 1769 - 60º10' S - Cook reaches the most southerly point of voyage
April 13, 1769 - Matavai Bay, Tahiti - James Cook reaches Tahiti, from where observations of the transit of Venus across the Sun would be made
April 18, 1769 - Matavai Bay, Tahiti - Cook commences building Fort Venus
June 3, 1769 - Matavai Bay, Tahiti - Observes Transit of Venus with Solander and Green
June 18, 1769 - Matavai Bay, Tahiti - Observes Eclipse of Moon
July 13, 1769 - Matavai Bay, Tahiti - Cook sets sail to the north
July 17, 1769 - Owarhe (Fare), Huahine, Leeward Islands - Cook anchors at Owarhe (Fare), Huahine. Goes ashore with Banks, Solander and Monkhouse. Meets Ori, King of the Island and Tupia. Surveys Island
July 20, 1769 - Owarhe (Fare), Huahine, Leeward Islands - Departs to Raiatea
August 2, 1769 - Rautoanui Harbour, Raiatea - Cook anchors at Rautoanui Harbour, Raiatea
October 7, 1769 - Young Nick's Head, S of Gisborne, NE New Zealand - James Cook reaches New Zealand
January 22, 1770 - Arapawa, Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand - From the top of the island of Arapawa, Cook realizes that a strait separates New Zealand's two islands
March 31, 1770 - Cape Farewell - After gathering wood, filling their water casks, and catching fish, Cook departs to Australia
April 19, 1770 - Between Orbost and Mallacoota, Victoria - Australia - The "Endeavour" reaches the Southeast coast of Australia. Cook continues northwards along the coastline
April 29, 1770 - Botany Bay, Australia - Cook lands on the continent and makes contact of hostile nature with the Gweagal aborigines
May 6, 1770 - Botany Bay, Australia - Cook sets sail northwards along the coastline
May 24, 1770 - Bustard Head - Cook stops at Bustard Head and goes ashore with Banks and others
May 30, 1770 - Quail Island - Cook reaches Quail Island, where he stays for another day
June 8, 1770 - Palm Island (Thristy Sound) - Cook arrives at Palm Island
June 10, 1770 - Cape Grafton, Mission Bay
June 11, 1770 - Great Barrier Reef - The "Endeavour" runs aground on a shoal. The ship is seriously damaged
June 18, 1770 - Mouth of Endeavour River (near modern Cooktown) - At a beach in the mouth of Endeavour River, repairs to the "Endeavour" begin. While there, Joseph Banks, Herman Spöring and Daniel Solander made their first major collections of Australian flora. The crew's encounters with the local Aboriginal people were mainly peaceable; from the group encountered here the name "kangaroo" entered the English language
August 4, 1770 - Mouth of Endeavour River (near modern Cooktown) - In his Journal, Cook recommends to other commanders to divide every food with every crewmembers. The repairs to the "Endeavour" are complete and the voyage continues
August 12, 1770 - Lizard Island - Cook reaches Lizard Island, where he stays for a day
August 13, 1770 - Eagle Island - Arrival at Eagle Island
August 22, 1770 - Possession Island (Northern tip of Queensland) - Cook lands on Possession Island, where he claims the entire coastline he had just explored for the British Crown
September 19, 1770 - Sawu Island, WSW of Timor - Visit to the Island of Sawu, where they stay for 3 days
September 21, 1770 - Sawu Island, WSW of Timor - Cook sets sail to Batavia
October 15, 1770 - Batavia - The badly damaged "Endeavour" comes into the port of Batavia. Her crew sworn to secrecy about the lands they had discovered
November 5, 1770 - Batavia - The ship is layed down and they find that its bottom was in worse condition than expected. That it was nothing short of a miracle that they could reach Batavia. However, the crew is hit by "Batavian Malaria". Dr.Monkhouse, the ship's surgeon, is the first to die on this day
November 14, 1770 - Batavia - The bottom of the "Endeavour" is repaired. Cook, now taken ill aswell, praises Batavia shipyard as the best in the world. About this time, only 10 crewmembers were not sick with Malaria. Until their departure, it rains almost all day
December 8, 1770 - Batavia Roads - "Endeavour" is perfectly reffited, and having taken most of her water and stores, and received the sick on board, anchors at Batavia Roads, ready to depart
December 24, 1770 - Batavia Roads - All is ready to sail. Cook goes ashore to say goodbye to the Governor and the people who helped during their stay
December 26, 1770 - Batavia Roads - Cook resumes his voyage in the morning. Forty sick crewmembers aboard, 7 others are buried. By that time, only a 78-year old sail-maker who was constantly drunk every day hadn't been sick
December 31, 1770 - Sumatra shore - With contrary winds, Cook takes five days to reach eastern Sumatra
January 5, 1771 - Sangiang (between Java and Sumatra) - Cook anchors at Sangiang and goes ashore. More provisions are brought to the ship
March 15, 1771 - Cape of Good Hope - Cook rounds the Cape of Good Hope
March 25, 1771 - Robben Island, Cape Town - Cook sets sail for the Open Atlantic Ocean
May 1, 1771 - Jamestown, St.Helena Island - The "Endeavour" stops at St.Helena
May 5, 1771 - Jamestown, St.Helena Island - Cook departs from St.Helena in a convoy of twelve indiamen and HMS Portland, a man-of-war
May 10, 1771 - Off Ascension Island - The slower "Endeavour" looses contact with the convoy. Predicting this, Cook sends a letter to the Admiralty through one of the faster indiamen
July 10, 1771 - The Lizard - The Coast of England is sighted, and the "Endeavour" sails up the English Channel
July 12, 1771 - Deal, England - The "Endeavour" passes Beachy Head and anchors in the Downs. Cook goes ashore at Deal
Second Voyage (1772 - 1775)
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| HMS Resolution and HMS Adventure |
July 9, 1771 - Letter to John Walker, describing Pacific Islands, considering a second voyage
November 30, 1771 - London(?) - Cook receives Admiralty Orders and begins to prepare ships
December 14, 1771 - Yorkshire - Applies for three weeks leave. Travels to Yorkshire with wife, Elizabeth. Visits Ayton, Whitby, etc
January 30, 1772 - Whitby - Cook returns to Whitby for a visit. He also sees his father's home at Great Ayton
February 6, 1772 - Deptford - Work finished on "HMS Resolution" at Deptford. Cook writes long letter to Earl of Sandwich with Map of Southern Hemisphere, outlines his plans for Second Voyage
April 9, 1772 - Deptford - Sails from Deptford to Woolwich. Held up by winds
April 22, 1772 - Woolwich - Sails from Woolwich
April 24, 1772 - HMS Adventure joins HMS Resolution
April 29, 1772 - More than 20 marines are received aboard
May 20, 1772 - Sheerness - Cook arrives in Sheerness
June 25, 1772 - Margate - Anchors at Margate Roads
June 27, 1772 - The Downs - Cook sails from the Downs to Plymouth
July 3, 1772 - Plymouth - Cook arrives in Plymouth
July 13, 1772 - Plymouth - James Cook departs from England with the "HMS Resolution"and the "Adventure" for his second voyage, designed to circumnavigate the globe as far south as possible to finally determine whether there was any great southern landmass, or Terra Australis
July 20, 1772 - Off Cape Finisterre, NW Spain - Cook reaches Cape Finisterre
July 29, 1772 - Funchal, Madeira Island - Cook anchors at Funchal, Madeira Island
August 2, 1772 - Funchal, Madeira island - After loading the ship with all sorts of provisions, Cook departs
August 4, 1772 - Off Palma, Canary Islands - Heading South-Southwest
August 5, 1772 - Off Ferro/Faro, Cape Verde
August 9, 1772 - Off Boavista, Cape Verde
August 10, 1772 - Off Mayo, Cape Verde
August 13, 1772 - Porto Praya, Santiago, Cape Verde - Anchors at Porto Prayo, Santiago, Cape Verde Islands. Provisions ships and makes observations
August 15, 1772 - Porto Praya, Santiago, Cape Verde - Sails from Porto Prayo and heads south
September 7, 1772 - Line of the Equator - Crosses Equator
September 16, 1772 - Off Ascension Island - Ascension Island is sighted
October 12, 1772 - Observes Eclipse of the Moon
October 30, 1772 - Table Bay, South Africa - The "Resolution" anchors at Table Bay. Swedish botanist Anders Sparrman joins the expedition
November 22, 1772 - Table Bay, South Africa - The ships leave the Cape and head for an area of the South Atlantic where the French Navigator Bouvet claimed to have spotted land that he named Cape Circumcision
November 23, 1772 - On the next day, they start experiencing severe cold weather and the crew is issued with "fearnaught" jackets and trousers at the expense of the Government
December 10, 1772 - Sailing in thick fog and seeing "Ice Islands"
January 3, 1773 - Ice surrounds the ships. Cook devides that Bouvet's Cape Circumcision did not exist. He concludes that what Bouvet had sighted was only "Mountains of Ice"
January 17, 1773 - Antarctic Circle - The weather abates and Cook is able to reach the Antarctic Circle. Next day, being severely impeded by the ice, they changed course and headed away to the north-east
February 8, 1773 - SW of Kerguelen Island - Resolution and Adventure became separated in the Antarctic fog. Furneaux directed Adventure towards the prearranged meeting point of Queen Charlotte Sound (New Zealand), charted by Cook in 1770. On the way to the rendezvous, Adventure surveyed the southern and eastern coasts of Tasmania (then known as "Van Diemen's Land"), where Adventure Bay was named for the ship
February 13, 1773 - 40 miles SW of Heard Island
February 24, 1773 - Cook reaches 61º21' S
March 15(?), 1773 - Cook decides to head for Dusky Sound, in the South Island of New Zealand
March 26, 1773 - Dusky Sound, New Zealand - Off Chalky Inlet. Enters Dusky Bay
April 30, 1773 - Dusky Sound, New Zealand - Cook departs to Charlotte Sound
May 17, 1773 - Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand - Cook's "Resolution" reaches the rendezvous, where the "Adventure" waited
June 8, 1773 - Off Cape Palliser (southern tip of North Island) - NZ - Off Cape Palliser and heads SE into Pacific. Finds that Arnold’s chronometer would not work, “this is the second of this gentleman’s Watches that hath failed
July 13, 1773 - Heads North
July 29, 1773 - Cook sends boat to Adventure. Finds that the cook has died and about 20 crew have scurvy and “Flux”. Sends across another cook and strongly urges use of beer and sauerkraut to combat sickness
August 2, 1773 - near Pitcairn Island - Passes close to Pitcairn Island but without sighting it
August 15, 1773 - Mehetia Island | Tahiti - The two ships reach Tahiti, where Omai of Ra'iatea embarks on "Adventure" - the first pacific islander to visit Europe
August 26, 1773 - Matavai Bay, Tahiti - Anchors in Matavai Bay. Lands
September 1, 1773 - Matavai Bay, Tahiti - Cook departs from Matavai Bay to Huahine
September 2, 1773 - Huahine, Leeward Islands, NW of Tahiti - Cook reaches Huahine and anchors at Owharre (Fare)
September 17, 1773 - Huahine, Leeward Islands, NW of Tahiti - Cook sails west
September 18, 1773 - Maurua (Maupiti), W Leeuward Islands - Sights Maurua (Maupiti) - leaving Society islands
September 23, 1773 - Cook Islands - Sights Hervey Islands (Manuae and Auoto), having first named them Sandwich Islands
October 2, 1773 - Tonga - Call at Tonga. Cook goes ashore and is entertained with food and music
October 8, 1773 - Tonga - Cook sets sail for New Zealand
October 24, 1773 - Off Cape Palliser (southern tip of North Island) - NZ - Off Cape Palliser in severe gales
October 30, 1773 - Off Cape Campbell - The two ships are separated by a storm
November 2, 1773 - Cook Straits - Cook manages to enter the Straits (Cook Straits)
November 3, 1773 - Wellington/Port Nicholson - Cook anchors off what is today Port Nicholson / Wellington
November 25, 1773 - Between Motuara Island and Long Island (W of Wellington) - Sails, but is forced to anchor between Motuara and Long Island. Leaves message in bottle for Furneaux or any other captain, indicating his future route. SaiIs SE passing Cape Palliser
November 26, 1773 - Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand - Cook departs from Queen Charlotte Sound
December 20, 1773 - Antarctic Circle - Cook crosses the Antartic Circle for the Second time
January 26, 1774 - Antarctic Circle - Cook crosses the Antartic Circle for the third time
January 30, 1774 - Cook reaches the most southerly penetration, reaching latitude 71º10' and is unable to go further because of solid sea ice
February 3, 1774 - Antarctic Circle - Cook recrosses the Antartic Circle sailing north
February 23, 1774 - Cook is taken ill and confined to bed. His health improves when Mr.Foster prescribes his favourite dog for diet as no other fresh meet was aboard.
March 11, 1774 - S of Easter Island - Sights Easter Island (Davis Land) and sails SW along south coast
March 13, 1774 - Easter Island - Cook sights the “Monuments or Idols” mentioned by Roggeveen (1722), also inhabitants. Anchors on 14th
March 17, 1774 - Easter Island - Cook sails north, heading for the Marquesas
April 8, 1774 - Vaitahu Bay, Marquesas Islands - Cook anchors at Vaitahu Bay. Canoes arrive, gifts are exchanged
April 12, 1774 - Vaitahu Bay, Marquesas Islands - Cook sails to St.Dominica. As no anchorage is visible, he heads SW away from the islands
April 22, 1774 - Matavai Bay, Tahiti - Cook returns to Tahiti
May 15, 1774 - Huahine, Leeward Islands, NW of Tahiti - Cook anchors at Owharre (Fare) Harbour
May 23, 1774 - Raiatea (Uliatea), Haamanino Harbour - Puts to sea and arrives at Raiatea (Ulietea), Haamanino Harbour. Visited by Chief Orio (Oreo)
June 4, 1774 - Raiatea (Uliatea), Haamanino Harbour - Cook sails west
June 5, 1774 - Off Maupiti, Bora Bora
June 16, 1774 - Palmerston Island, Cook Islands - Cook discovers Palmerston Island
June 22, 1774 - Tuapa, Niue - Cook lands at Tuapa, but is attacked twice. Returns to the "Resolution" and sails
June 27, 1774 - Nomuka Island, N of Tonga - Anchors and lands at Annamocka = Nomuka (Tasman’s Rotterdam of 1643). Canoes arrive, goes ashore
July 17, 1774 - Aurora Island, Vanuatu - Approaching New Hebrides (Vanuatu)
July 18, 1774 - Maewo Island, NE Vanuatu - Cook rounds Maewo Island in gale
July 22, 1774 - Port Sandwich, Malekula, Vanuatu - Anchors in Port Sandwich (Sasun Say). Visited by canoes. Shot at with arrows. Lands, faced by “4 or 500 men arm’d with Bows and Arrows, Clubs and Spears”. Peace made, gifts exchanged
July 27, 1774 - Erromango Island, S Vanuatu - Erromango Islands is sighted
August 4, 1774 - Polenia Bay, Erromango, S Vanuatu - Anchors at Traitors’ Head (Polenia Bay). Goes ashore. Gifts. Fired at with arrows, shot fired back, returns to ship, sails. Passes Cook Bay
September 4, 1774 - New Caledonia - Cook reaches New Caledonia
September 13, 1774 - New Caledonia - Cook names the island as "New Caledonia", as the NE of the island reminded him of Scotland
October 10, 1774 - Norfolk Island (between NZ and New Caledonia) - Norfolk Island is sighted. Cook goes ashore on 11th
October 17, 1774 - Off W of Northern Island, New Zealand - Mount Egmont is sighted
October 18, 1774 - Ship Cove, Queen Charlotte Sound - Cook anchors in Ship Cove. Begins refurbishing ship. Bottle left for "Adventure" is gone
November 6, 1774 - Ship Cove, Queen Charlotte Sound - Cook learns that the "Adventure" had been in Cove, stayed 10/20 days and had been gone for 10 months
November 10, 1774 - Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand - James Cook sets sail to cross the Pacific Ocean
November 27, 1774 - "HMS Resolution" sails 183 miles in 24 hours - a record!"
December 17, 1774 - Cape Deseado, Western end of Magellan Strait - Cape Deseado, the western end of the Strait of Magellan is sighted. Sails SE along the coast
December 18, 1774 - Grafton Islands, Noir Island - Cook passes the Grafton Islands and Noir Island
December 25, 1774 - Christmas Sound (W side of Tierra del Fuego) - Cook spends Christmas at a bay they named Christmas Sound
December 29, 1774 - Cape Horn - Cook rounds Cape Horn and enters the South Atlantic
January 14, 1775 - Off South Georgia - Cook sights South Georgia
January 20, 1775 - South Georgia - After exploring South Georgia for a few days, Cook heads SE
January 31, 1775 - South Sandwich Islands - Cook sights the South Sandwich Islands, among many icebergs. Continues to the East
February 15, 1775 - Cook completes the circumnavigation and decides to head NE to South Africa
March 22, 1775 - Table Bay, South Africa - The "Resolution" anchors at Table Bay. Commences repairs and provisioning
March 27, 1775 - Table Bay, South Africa - The "Resolution" departs from the Cape
May 15, 1775 - St.Helena Island - Cook arrives at St.Helena. Meets the Governor, John Skottowe
May 21, 1775 - St.Helena Island - Cook departs from St.Helena
May 28, 1775 - Ascension Island - Cook arrives at Ascension Island and anchors in Cross Bay
May 31, 1775 - Ascension Island - Cook departs to find the Island of St.Matthew (non-existant), recorded on 15th century portuguese maps
June 9, 1775 - Off Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil - Cook approaches Fernando de Noronha to fix latitude and longitude
June 11, 1775 - Line of the Equator - Cook crosses the Equator
July 13, 1775 - Fayal, Pico Islands, Azores - Cook sights Fayal and Pico islands. Anchors at Fayal on 14th and investigates the island
July 19, 1775 - Azores Islands, central Group - Cook sets sail to England, passing by St.George, Terceira and Graciosa Islands
July 30, 1775 - Spithead, England - James Cook returns to England from his second voyage. Sets off for London
July 31, 1775 - London - Cook arrives at the Admiralty
August 9, 1775 - St. Jame's Palace - At St. James’s Palace, promoted Post-Captain and appointed to HMS Kent
August 10, 1775 - Appointment is cancelled. Cook is now appointed to Greenwich Hospital as Fourth Captain. at £230 per year plus quarters. Fire and light and 1s 2d daily, table money
August 19, 1775 - Mile End, London - Letter to John Walker
September 6, 1775 - Mile End, London - Letter to Latouche-Tréville, about Pacific Exploration
September 14, 1775 - Mile End, London - Letter to John Walker, giving a full account of the voyage
September 18, 1775 - Mile End, London - Letter to the Admiralty Secretary about unofficial, anonymous publication of account of the voyage
February 10, 1776 - Mile End, London - Another letter to Latouche-Tréville
February 24, 1776 - Mile End, London - Letter to John Harrison, attorney
March 17, 1776 - London - James Cook is elected Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS)
April 2, 1776 - Mile End, London - Cook begins to sit for his portrait by Nathaniel Dance. Takes tea with James Boswell, biographer
Third Voyage (1776 - 1779)
June 24, 1776 - The Nore - Cook goes aboard "HMS Resolution" with Omai at the Nore
June 25, 1776 - The Nore - Sails for The Downs
June 26, 1776 - Off Deal - Anchors in The Downs off Deal
June 27, 1776 - Off Deal - Sails for Plymouth
June 30, 1776 - Plymouth - Anchors at Plymouth
July 12, 1776 - Plymouth - James Cook departs for his third voyage. The objective was to return Omai, a young man from Raiatea to his homeland, but the Admiralty used this as a cover for their plan to send Cook on a voyage to discover the Northwest Passage
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| HMS Resolution |
July 16, 1776 - Off the Scilly Islands
July 17, 1776 - Off Ouessant
July 22, 1776 - Off Cape Ortegal
July 24, 1776 - Cape Finisterre, NW Spain - Cook passes by Cape Finisterre
July 30, 1776 - Cook observes the Eclipse of the Moon
August 1, 1776 - Tenerife, Canary Islands - Anchors at Tenerife for supplies
August 4, 1776 - Tenerife, Canary Islands - Sails from Tenerife after watching Jean-Charles Borda and Don Joseph Varela testing chronometers
August 10, 1776 - Off Boavista, Cape Verde
August 12, 1776 - Off Cape Verde Islands
September 1, 1776 - Line of the Equator - Cook crosses the Equator
September 8, 1776 - Towards the Coast of Brazil
October 18, 1776 - Cape Town, South Africa - The "Resolution" reaches Cape Town. Cook has it re-caulked immediatly because it was leaking badly
December 2, 1776 - Cape Town, South Africa - Both ships sail together from Cape Town
December 12, 1776 - Prince Edward Islands - Cook locates and names the Prince Edward Islands
December 15, 1776 - S of Crozet Islands - Passes south of Crozet islands. Heads for Kerguelen
December 25, 1776 - Kerguelen Islands - Cook finds the Kerguelen Islands, which he failed to do on his second voyage. Lands at Baie de l'Oiseau (Christmas Harbour)
December 29, 1776 - Kerguelen Islands - Sails along north coast charting and naming places. Anchors in Baie de Baleiniers (Port Palliser)
December 30, 1776 - Sails round Cape Digby and Cape Sandwich and heads west and south for New Zealand
January 24, 1777 - Off Tasmania - Driven by strong westerly winds, Cook sights Tasmania
January 26, 1777 - Tasmania - Landing at Adventure Bay, where they take on water and wood.
February 12, 1777 - Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand - Cook arrives at Queen Charlotte Sound
February 25, 1777 - Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand - Cook departs to Tahiti
February 27, 1777 - Off Cape Palliser (southern tip of North Island) - NZ
March 29, 1777 - Mangaia, Lower Cook Islands - Contrary winds carry the ships westwards to Mangaia
April 3, 1777 - Off Takutea, Cook Islands
April 13, 1777 - Palmerston Island, Cook Islands
April 24, 1777 - Off Niue (Savage Island)
April 28, 1777 - Nomuka Island, N of Tonga - Anchors at Nomuka and commences to provision ship
May 14, 1777 - Nomuka Island, N of Tonga - Cook sails and heads north towards Kotu and Tofua
May 17, 1777 - Lifuka - Lands at Lifuka
May 26, 1777 - Off Uoleva - Sails South and anchors off Uoleva
May 29, 1777 - Off Uoleva - Sails for Nomuka
June 5, 1777 - Nomuka Island, N of Tonga - Anchors at Nomuka
June 10, 1777 - Nukualofa Harbour, Tonga - Anchors at Nukualofa Harbour. Meets King of Tonga
July 5, 1777 - Nukualofa Harbour, Tonga - Observes eclipse of Sun. Ceremonies, feasts. Supplies
July 12, 1777 - English Roads, Eua, Tonga - Anchors at English Roads
July 17, 1777 - English Roads, Eua, Tonga - Cook sails east for Tahiti
August 12, 1777 - Vaitepiha Bay, Tahiti - Cook arrives in Tahiti
August 23, 1777 - Matavai Bay, Tahiti - Cook sails for, and anchors at, Matavai Bay
September 29, 1777 - Matavai Bay, Tahiti - Sails for Moorea (Eimeo)
September 30, 1777 - Papeto'ai, Moorea, Tahiti - Anchors at Papeto'ai
October 11, 1777 - Papeto'ai, Moorea, Tahiti - Sails for Fare, Huahine
October 12, 1777 - Fare, Huahine, Leeward Islands, NW of Tahiti - Lands at Fare and installs Omai ashore, builds house and plantation
November 2, 1777 - Fare, Huahine, Leeward Islands, NW of Tahiti - Sails for Raiatea
November 3, 1777 - Haamanino, Raiatea - Anchors at Haamanino. Sets up Observatory
December 22, 1777 - Line of the Equator - Crosses the Equator
December 24, 1777 - Christmas Island, Kiribati (1000 miles S of Hawaii) - Sights Christmas Island. Anchors in atoll and collects turtles
January 18, 1778 - Off Hawaii - Sights Oahu and Kauai (Hawaii Group)
January 20, 1778 - Waimea Harbour, Kauai, Hawaii - Cook is the first european to visit Hawaii. Initial landfall at Waimea Harbour, Kauai. Cook names the archipelago "Sandwich Islands" after the Fourth Earl of Sandwich - the acting First Lord of the Admiralty
February 2, 1778 - Waimea Harbour, Kauai, Hawaii - Cook sets sail to Northeast, to explore the coast of America north of the spanish settlements in California
March 7, 1778 - Cape Fouweather, Oregon - Cook makes landfall at the North American western coast
March 22, 1778 - Off Cape Flattery - Cook fails to see Straits of Juan de Fuca, thus passing to the south and east of Vancouver Island
March 29, 1778 - Nootka Sound, W Vancouver Island - Cook arrives in Nootka Sound. commences overhauling ships. Meets Nootka people and explores Sound, and names it King George’s Sound. Names Bligh Island and Clerke Peninsula (Resolution Cove)
April 26, 1778 - Nootka Sound, W Vancouver Island - Cook sails from Nootka Sound and heads north along coast of Vancouver Island
May 1, 1778 - Off Baranof and Kruzof Islands and Sitka Sound, SE Alaska
May 11, 1778 - Kayak Island / Wingham Island, Alaska - Lands at Kayak and Wingham Island/s - Keyes Island and names Comptrollers Bay - now Controller Bay (as named later by Vancouver). Sails on.
May 12, 1778 - Off Hinchingbrook Island, Prince William Sound, Alaska - After exploring, Cook leaves Prince William Sound
May 18, 1778 - Prince William Sound - After exploring, Cook leaves Prince William Sound
May 24, 1778 - Off Kodiak Islands - Off Cape St. Hermogenes, Marmot Island. Sights Afognak and Kodiak Islands
May 27, 1778 - Anchor Point, SW of Anchorage - Cook anchors off Anchor Point
June 1, 1778 - Off Fire Island, Anchorage - Off Fire Island, near Anchorage and sets off down the Inlet thinking that there may be a channel to the NE - possible NE Passage. Passes Turnagain River. Anchors at Point Possession (Kenai Peninsula)
June 14, 1778 - Off Trinity Island, SW Kodiak Island - Off Trinity Island, Cape Trinity (SW Kodiak Island). Now sailing along the Pacific Coast of Alaska Peninsula. Sees first Eskimos paddling a kayak.
June 20, 1778 - Off Sanak Islands (Beginning of Aleutian Islands) - Off Sanak Islands (Halibut Island). Sights Unimak Island and Shishaldin Volcano (9,387 ft.), and has now arrived at the beginning of the Aleutian Islands
June 27, 1778 - Off Unalaska Island - Sights Unalaska Island
July 2, 1778 - Unimak Island - Unimak Island. Now sailing NE along N.E. coast of Alaska Peninsula
July 9, 1778 - Kvichak River - Enters Kvichak River and Bay
July 13, 1778 - Round Island, Walrus Islands - Anchors off Round Island, Walrus lslands
July 14, 1778 - Off Hagemeister Island - Off Calm Point, Hagemeister Island
August 3, 1778 - Off Anderson Island - St.Lawrence Island - Mr. Anderson, Surgeon. dies. Sights Anderson Island - St. Lawrence Island
August 5, 1778 - Sledge Island, close to Alaskan mainland - Cook lands on Sledge Island
August 8, 1778 - Off Cape Prince of Wales, Bering Strait - Off Cape Prince of Wales - most westerly point of the American continent. Sights Fairway Rock and Ratmanova and Ignaluk, Diomede Islands. At anchor now in the Bering Strait
August 10, 1778 - Lavrentiya Bay, Russia (opposite of Cape Prince of Wales) - Anchors in St. Lawrence Bay. Sights Cape Krigugnon and Cape Nunyagmo. Meets the Chukchi people. Sights Mt. Vkhodnaya/Tirtova (Siberia)
August 14, 1778 - Off Cape Kruzenstern, E-NE Bering Strait - Off Cape Kruzenstern. Crosses the Arctic Circle
August 18, 1778 - Off Icy Cape (between Wewok and Barrow) - At 70º44' N. The farthest north of the voyage. In Ice, off Icy Cape. Continues return along coast
August 21, 1778 - Off Cape Lisburne, Wewok - Off Cape Lisburne to the SW and heads west amid ice.
August 29, 1778 - Sights Asian coast. Cape Shmidta (Cape North by King). Heads SE along the Siberian coast. Sights Ekiatap (lagoon), Kozhevnikova and Vebera (Severnaya Bay)
August 30, 1778 - Off Kolyuchin Island
September 2, 1778 - Off East Cape (Cape Dezhneva) - Off East Cape (Cape Dezhneva). Most easterly point of Siberia
September 3, 1778 - Lavrentiya Bay, Russia (opposite of Cape Prince of Wales) - Off Lavrentiya Bay. Heads for Alaskan coast
September 20, 1778 - Off St.Laurence Island
October 2, 1778 - Unalaska Bay, Aleutians - Cook anchors at Samganununda
October 14, 1778 - Unalaska Bay, Aleutians - Cook again has the "Resolution"'s leaking timbers re-caulked. Meets, at Unalaska, Russian fur traders and Gerassim Gregoriev Ismailov, Russian factor. Sees charts and obtains information about Kamchatka, the Sea of Okhotsk and Kurile Islands. Ismailov gives him a letter for the Governor of Kamchatka and Petropavlovsk
October 24, 1778 - Unalaska, Aleutians - Cook departs for Hawaii
October 26, 1778 - Unalaska, Aleutians - Sails for Sandwich Islands (Hawaii) to winter there
November 26, 1778 - Maui, Hawaii - Cook returns to Hawaii
December 4, 1778 - Observes Eclipse of the Moon
December 19, 1778 - Off Cape Kumukahi - Off Cape Kumukahi - Eastern point of Hawaii
January 5, 1779 - S of Kalae Island - Passes south of Island, Kalae. Frequently visited by canoes with supplies
 |
| Cook arrives at Kealakekua Bay |
February 4, 1779 - Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii Island, Hawaii - Ships sail north to investigate islands
February 6, 1779 - Off Kawaihae Bay, Hawaii Island
February 8, 1779 - Cook finds that the mast is sprung (it had been replaced in Nootka Sound) and decides to head back to Kealakekua Bay to replace it
February 11, 1779 - Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii Island, Hawaii - Anchors in Bay
February 14, 1779 - Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii Island, Hawaii - Captain James Cook, aged 50, along with Marines, Corporal Thomas, Privates Hinks, Allen and Fatchett are killed ashore near village of Kaawaloa, about 9 a.m. There had been ill feeling, menaces and theft - particularly Discovery's cutter - and Cook had gone ashore to settle the matter. Confusion, musket fire and mis-interpreted signals led to the tragedy =(END)
Bibliography
COOK, James, "Relations de voyages autor du monde", traduit de l'anglais par Gabrielle Rives, Paris, La Découverte/Poche, 1998 (ISBN: 978-2-7071-4812-4)
PRICE, A. Grenfell, "Los viajes del Capitán Cook" (1768-1779), Barcelona, Ediciones del Serbal, 1985 (ISBN: 84-7628-001-7)
O texto é tão extenso que vou demorar a ler, mas com tanta informação vou certamente aprender muito de um assunto que me interessa. Parabéns!
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