Monday 22 January 2018

Carlos Hathcock | Timeline

Carlos Norman Hathcock II (May 20, 1942 – February 22, 1999) was a United States Marine Corps (USMC) sniper with a service record of 93 confirmed kills. Hathcock's record and the extraordinary details of the missions he undertook made him a legend in the U.S. Marine Corps. He was honored by having a rifle named after him: a variant of the M21 dubbed the Springfield Armory M25 White Feather, for the nickname "White Feather" given to Hathcock by the North Vietnamese Army (NVA). (Intro from Wikipedia)

May 20, 1942 - Little Rock, Arkansas - Carlos Norman Hathcock II is born
June(?) 1(?), 1950 - Little Rock - 8-year-old Carlos sees a neighbour in a marine uniform, and becomes obsessed with the idea of becoming one
May 20, 1954 - Little Rock - Carlos receives a Remington 12-gauge, singleshot shotgun for birthday
January(?) 1(?), 1957 - Little Rock - Carlos drops out of of high school at age 15 to go work for a concrete contractor, shoveling cement 10 hours a day, six days a week
May 20, 1959 - Little Rock - At the Marine recruiter's office, Hathcock's mother signs the papers giving the 17-year-old permittion to join the Marine Corps. San Diego - That afternoon he takes an airplane to San Diego, and at 11 o'clock in the evening, arrives with 30 other recruits to San Diego Recruit Depot, where he would get his 13-week basic marine training =(START)
September(?) 1(?), 1959 - Camp Pendleton, San Diego County - Hathcock finishes Bootcamp and basic training
September(?) 2(?), 1959 - Treasure Island, San Francisco Bay - Hathcock takes a troopship to Hawaii
September(?) 5(?), 1959 - Honolulu, Hawaii - Arrival in Hawaii. Hathcock becomes a machinegunner in the weapons platoon of Company E, 2nd Battalion, 4th Marines
December 25, 1961 - MCAS Cherry Point, Havelock, North Carolina - Hathcock spends Christmas alone in MCAS Cherry Point
January 10(?), 1962 - New Bern, North Carolina - Hathcock meets Josephine Bryan Winstead, a bank worker
November 10, 1962 - New Bern - Hathcock marries Josephine Bryan Winstead
January(?) 1(?), 1965 - Camp Pendleton - Hathcock completes marine scout/sniper course
August 25, 1965 - Camp Perry, Ohio - Hathcock is one of the 130 participants in the Wimbledon Cup - a 1,000-yard National High-power Rifle championship
August 26, 1965 - Camp Perry, Ohio - Hathcock wins the Wimbledon Cup
April 1(?), 1966 - Chu Lai, Quang Nam Province, Vietnam - Hathcock arrives in Vietnam, initially to serve as military policeman
July 4, 1966 - 23km S. of Da Nang - Operation Macon - Hathcock takes part, but not yet as sniper
September 1(?), 1966 - Chu Lai - Resumes his service as a military policeman
October 3, 1966 - Chu Lai - Hathcock joins Capt. Jim Land at the 1st Marine Division Headquarters in Chu Lai
October 5(?), 1966 - Hill 55, 16km SW of Da Nang - Hathcock and other five snipers are transported by helicopter to Hill 55, 16km southwest of Da Nang
November 1, 1966 - Hill 55 - The first class of the 1st Marine Division Scout/Sniper starts, during torrential rains
November 20, 1966 - Hill 263, near River Song Tro Khuc - Operation "Rio Blanco". Hathcock and 11 other snipers are transported to the 7th Marines Command Post on Hill 263, near the River Song Tro Khuc
November 27, 1966 - Hill 263 - End of Operation "Rio Blanco"
January(?) 1(?), 1967 - Quantico, Virginia - Returns to the United States. The family moved from New Bern to Quantico
June 6, 1967 - (While in Quantico) - Corporal John Roland Burke, Hathcock's sniping partner, is killed at Khe Sanh
July 1(?), 1967 - Quantico - Hathcock arrives home and receives a letter from Capt. Jim Land informing him of Burke's death
April 1(?), 1969 - San Antonio, Texas - Hatchcock participates in a shooting competition
April(?) 20(?), 1969 - Quang Nam Province, SE. of Da Nang, Vietnam - Operation "Oklahoma Hills" - The clearing out of NVA units from their base camps and infiltration routes in the hills and valleys of Quang Nam Province. Hathcock sees action just arrived from the US
May 29, 1969 - Quang Nam Province, SE. of Da Nang - End of operation "Oklahoma Hills"
September 16, 1969 - 28km NW of Chu Lai - An AMTRAC he is riding on, strikes an anti-tank mine. Hathcock pulls seven other marines from the vehicle in flames, suffering severe burns to his body. (He would receive a Silver Star for that action, 27 years later)
September 17, 1969 - Da Nang - All eight marines are evacuated by helicopter to hospital ship "USS Repose". 1st Marine Division commander Maj. Gen. Ormond R. Simpson congratulates Hathcock on his heroism and pins a purple heart medal on his pillow
September 18, 1969 - Fussa, W. of Tokyo, Japan - Hathcock is admitted to the hospital for a few days at Yokota Air Base
September 22, 1969 - San Antonio, Texas - Hathcock is taken unconscious to the burn center at Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio - Texas
September 24, 1969 - San Antonio, Texas - Hathcock wakes up without realizing that he is far from Vietnam. The doctors suspect his fever is malaria
September 30, 1969 - San Antonio - Before doctors can begin burn therapy, Hathcock develops bronchopneumonia
October 13, 1969 - San Antonio - Burn therapy begins - 13 different operations in which they strip away the burn eschar and damaged flesh, and apply skin grafts
November 3, 1969 - San Antonio - Hathcock receives skin grafts
November 6, 1969 - San Antonio - Hathcock receives skin grafts
November 10, 1969 - San Antonio - Hathcock stops hallucinating. The blood infection retreats. During visit time, a cake is brought to celebrate the Corps 194th birthday. Hathcock refuses Capt. Ed Hyland's recommendation for medal of honor, for having saved 7 marines, badly burned
November 17, 1969 - San Antonio - End of burn therapy
November 24, 1969 - New Bern, North Carolina - Hathcock, in convalescence, is allowed to go to attend the funeral of his wife's mother
December 30, 1969 - San Antonio - Hathcock returns to hospital for further treatment and evaluation
January 5, 1970 - San Antonio - Hathcock is released and put on convalescent leave
January 31, 1970 - Quantico, Virginia - Hathcock reports back to Quantico, as a member of the Marine Corps Rifle Team
February 13, 1972 - Camp Lejeune, North Carolina - Hathcock is transfered to Camp Lejeune, North Carolina
September 20, 1973 - Camp Lejeune - After 19 months of coaching and teaching marksmanship at the rifle ranges near sneed's Ferry and Topsail Island, he receives orders to serve aboard the submarine tender "USS Simon Lake", based at Rota, Spain
March 29, 1974 - (While aboard USS Simon Lake) - The last american troops leave Vietnam. Despite his injured body, Hathcock is much respected by the commander of the marine detachment aboard the ship, Capt. Howard Lovingood, for the leadership and experience he could offer his marines. So he makes Hathcock his gunnery sergeant - his NCO in charge
July 22, 1974 - Aboard USS Simon Lake - Lovingood is transfered to the Amphibious Warfare School at Quantico, and Hathcock meets his new commander, Walter A. Peeples, who cared only about his physical limitations
May 29, 1975 - Portsmouth, Virginia - Begins a two-month period of tests and review by a medical board at the US Naval Hospital at Portsmouth
August 5, 1975 - Portsmouth, Virginia - Hathcock is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis at the naval hospital.
July 1(?), 1976 - Quantico, Virginia - More shooting competitions
April 20, 1979 - Quantico, Virginia - Gunnery Sgt. Hatchcock is forced to retire because of multiple sclerosis, just 55 days short of the 20 years that would have made him eligible for full retirement pay
January(?) 1(?), 1984 - Virginia Beach - Hathcock becomes a SWAT instructor at Virginia Beach
Hathcock receives the Silver Star, 1996
May 3, 1985 - Virginia Beach - Speech to Marines, army rangers and navy seals at a Marine Corps Scout/Sniper instructor graduation ceremony
November 12, 1996 - Quantico, Virginia - Gunnery Sgt. Carlos Hathcock receives the Silver Star during a ceremony at the Weapons Training Battalion
February 22, 1999 - Virginia Beach - Carlos Norman Hathcock II dies, aged 56 =(END)

Bibliography
HENDERSON, Charles - "Marine Sniper", Berkley Caliber, 1986

Wednesday 17 January 2018

Joris van Spilbergen | Timeline

Joris van Spilbergen (Antwerp, 1568 – Bergen op Zoom, 1620) was a Dutch naval officer. After expeditions to Africa and the East Indies, he gained a name in history after having circumnavigated the Earth from 1614 to 1617. However, he died a poor man.

November 2, 1568 - Antwerp - Joris Van Spilbergen is born
January(?) 1(?), 1596 - Veere, Walcheren - Undertakes voyages to the Gulf of Guinea (attempt to conquer Elmina?)
March 1(?), 1598 - Veere, Walcheren - Balthasar de Moucheron sets sail for the Gulf of Guinea with Joris van Spilbergen
August 10, 1598 - Príncipe Island (St.Tomé and Principe) - The island of Príncipe is briefly occupied. Support ships arrive too late to avoid it
November 10(?), 1598 - Príncipe Island (St.Tomé and Principe) - After 3 months of occupation, many men become ill and some die of marshfever. The bad weather and attacks from the Portuguese of São Tomé force the dutch to abandon the island
May 15, 1599 - Vlissingen - Moucheron's 2nd Expedition to conquer São Tomé
February 1(?), 1600 - Veere, Walcheren - Return from the Coast of Guinea
May 5, 1601 - Veere, Walcheren - Van Spilbergen sets sail to the East Indies in another expedition equipped by the Compagnie de Moucheron, with the "Lam", the "Ram", and the "Schaap"
May 9, 1601 - Dartmouth - Driven to the haven of Dartmouth by a storm. A leak in one of the ships floods its stores of bread
May 15, 1601 - Dartmouth - Van Spilbergen sets sail with better wind and with new provisions, passing Plymouth on the same day
May 29, 1601 - Off Madeira Island - Van Spilbergen reaches Madeira Island
May 31, 1601 - Off Las Palmas - Van Spilbergen reaches the Canary Islands
June 11, 1601 - "Puerto/puorto Daele/Dale" (Mouth of River Gambia) - Three portuguese caravels at anchor open fire against the dutch without consequences
June 18(?), 1601 - "Puerto/puorto Daele/Dale" (Mouth of River Gambia) - A week later, after minor repairs, the dutch depart the mouth of River Gambia 
July 14, 1601 - Off the Coast of Sierra Leone - Van Spilbergen passes off the Coast of Sierra Leone and sees Pyrard de Laval's two ships
July 26, 1601 - Annobón Island - Van Spilbergen reaches Annobon, passing by Corisco Island (Equatorial Guinea) and Cape Lopez (Gabon). He lands to ask for refreshments. The dutch hand the authorities a letter
August 30, 1601 - Annobón Island - The dutch embark and continue their voyage
November 15, 1601 - St.Helena Island - Van Spilbergen reaches St.Helena Island
November 20, 1601 - St.Helena Island - The fleet weighs anchor and continues voyage
December 1, 1601 - Dassen Island, South Africa - Van Spilbergen discovers Dassen Island, in South Africa
December 2, 1601 - Table Bay (NW Cape Town, South Africa) - Van Spilbergen reaches a bay which he calls "Table Bay" by reason of a high mountain, flat on top and square like a table. He lands and the dutch are granted permission to bring a tent ashore for the ill of their ships.
December 23, 1601 - Table Bay - Van Spilbergen sails from Table Bay
December 26, 1601 - Cape of Good Hope - Crossing the Cape (we suppose during a storm), the "Ram" looses contact with the "Lam" and "Schaap"
February 2, 1602 - Sofala, Mozambique - Van Spilbergen arrives at Sofala and sends a delegation ashore. The natives, however, are not interested in trading
February 21, 1602 - Comoros Islands - Takes provisions
April 4, 1602 - Comoros Islands - Van Spilbergen weighs anchor and sails to India
May 26, 1602 - Kanyakumari (Cape Camorin), India - Van Spilbergen reaches the southern tip of India
May 28, 1602 - Off Point de Galle, Ceylon - Van Spilbergen reaches Ceylon
Van Spilbergen meeting King
Vimaladharmasuriya I
of Kandy in 1602
May 31, 1602 - Batticaloa, Ceylon - Van Spilbergen anchors in Batticaloa harbour with the "Lam" and the "Schaap" after twelve months of voyage. He stays for 4 months
July 3, 1602 - Batticaloa, Ceylon - The "Ram" arrives in Batticaloa
July 6, 1602 - Kandy, Ceylon - Van Spilbergen meets King Vimaladharmasuriya I of Kandy
September 3, 1602 - Batticaloa, Ceylon - After negotiating with the King of Kandy, van Spilbergen sets sail to Aceh
September 16, 1602 - North of Sumatra - Arrival in Sumatra
October 3, 1602 - Strait of Malacca - Van Spilbergen, Lancaster and Middleton join forces and take a portuguese ship which crosses their way
October 21, 1602 - Strait of Malacca - Van Spilbergen heads to Aceh with Lancaster
October 24, 1602 - Banda, Aceh - Van Spilbergen returns to Aceh
January(?) 1(?), 1603 - Aceh, Sumatra - Two Dutch East India Company ships arrive in Aceh. Van Spilbergen sells them one of his ships
March 7, 1603 - Aceh, Sumatra - Guyon Lefort, from the "Lam", is accused of conspiracy by van Spilbergen, and is killed
April 27, 1603 - Bantam, Java - Van Spilbergen arrives in Bantam and finds assembled there nine dutch ships (Van Warwijck arrived from Holland earlier on the same day)
August 30, 1603 - Aceh, Sumatra - Van Spilbergen sets sail to  Holland with a cargo of pepper, ambergris, silk, porcelain, nutmeg and mace
November 8, 1603 - Cape of Good Hope - Van Spilbergen rounds the Cape of Good Hope
November 26, 1603 - St.Helena Island - Arrival at St.Helena Island
December 29, 1603 - St.Helena Island - After more than a month, the two ships set sail to Holland
January 14, 1604 - Line of the Equator - Van Spilbergen crosses the line of the Equator
March 24, 1604 - Vlissingen - Van Spilbergen returns to Vlissingen
March(?) 22(?), 1607 - Texel - Van Spilbergen departs with Van Heemskerck's fleet on a pre-emptive strike expedition to Gibraltar, to force negociations
March 29, 1607 - Isle of Wight - Van Heemskerck's fleet of twenty four ships assemble at the Isle of Wight
April 10, 1607 - River Tagus Mouth, Portugal - Van Heemskerck sends a lugger in trading disguise ro reconnoitre the river. He ascertained by his spies, sent in this and subsequently in other directions, as well as by occasional merchantmen spoken with at sea, that the Portuguese fleet for India would not be ready to sail for many weeks; that no valuable argosies were yet to be looked for from America, but that a great war fleet, comprising many galleons of the largest size, was at that very moment cruising in the Straits of Gibraltar
April 22, 1607 - River Tagus Mouth, Portugal - Van Heemskerk sets course to Gibraltar after listening to a merchant that saw the Spanish fleet there
April 25, 1607 - Bay of Gibraltar - Van Heemskerk arrives in the Strait of Gibraltar in the morning. After the spanish fleet is found at anchor inside the Bay of Gibraltar, Van Spilbergen goes aboard the "Aeolus", Van Heemskerk's flagship. Off Tangiers | Strait of Gibraltar - Battle of Gibraltar - Great dutch victory - No quarter is given. Such of the victims as succeeded in throwing themselves overboard, out of the "San Agustin", or any of the burning or sinking ships, were pursued by the Netherlanders, who rowed about among them in boats, shooting, stabbing, and drowning their victims by hundreds. It was a sickening spectacle. The bay, said those who were there, seemed sown with corpses. Probably two or three thousand were thus put to death, or had met their fate before. Had the chivalrous Heemskerk lived, it is possible that he might have stopped the massacre.
April 27, 1607 - Off Ceuta - As a ship with the embalmed body of Van Heemskerk sails to Holland, the rest of the fleet heads south to repair the badly damaged ships. The garrison at Ceuta tries to sink the ships with cannon shots
April 28, 1607 - Tetouan, Morocco - Brief visit to Tetouan, where the dutch are rapturously received by the Bey
Battle of Gibraltar, 1607
May 7, 1607 - Off Cape St.Vincent, Portugal - With favourable wind, Van Spilbergen sails out of the Strait area
May 9, 1607 - Off Cape St.Vincent, Portugal - Van Spilbergen writes a letter from his ship
January(?) 1(?), 1609 - Paris - Van Spilbergen travels to Paris together with Isaac Le Maire and Balthazar de Moucheron, to discuss the formation of a french East India Company
August 8, 1614 - Texel - Van Spilbergen sets sail to the Pacific Ocean with six ships: "Groote Sonne", "Groote Mane", "Jager (yacht)", "Meeuwe", "Aeolus" and "Morgenster"
August 16, 1614 - Off Dungeness, England - Van Spilbergen reaches Dungeness and sees the "Aeolus" at anchor. It is decided to sail to the Downs
September 2, 1614 - Off Isle of Wight - Van Spilbergen's ships are unable to sail west due to headwinds. At the same time he is informed that the "Aeolus" is leaking badly. They decide to anchor before the castle of the Isle of Wight
September 16, 1614 - Off Isle of Wight - After inspecting the fleet on the 15th, Van Spilbergen weighs anchor and continues his voyage
October 3, 1614 - Atlantic Ocean - The dutch ships cross the latitude of Madeira Island
October 9, 1614 - Off Gran Canaria, Canary Islands - Passage through the Canary Islands
October 21, 1614 - Brava Island/Fogo Island, Cape Verde Islands - The fleet sees the Islands of Brava and Fogo, in Cape Verde
October 24, 1614 - Coast of Africa, east of Cape Verde - Van Spilbergen looks for a safe anchorage for his ships. Finding none, he heads to open Sea again
December 9, 1614 - Abrolhos Shoals, Brazil - Collective prayer as the ships safely pass the dangerous Abrolhos Shoals
December 13, 1614 - Coast of Brazil - The dutch ships come in sight of Brazil
December 20, 1614 - Ilha Grande, Coast of Rio de Janeiro - Van Spilbergen anchors between two islands on 20th, then anchors at Ilha Grande on 21st to load provisions
December 24, 1614 - Ilha Grande, Coast of Rio de Janeiro - Van Spilbergen goes ashore with the carpenters to set up huts for the sick
December 30, 1614 - (While in Ilha Grande) - The fleet is alerted by the sound of cannon fire from the "Jager", which was sent to load fresh water at a river not far from the Island. Several dutch crewmen are killed by a group of portuguese and mestizos. When the dutch pursue them in three small boats, they find two portuguese frigates protecting them, and perceiving their disadvantage, they come back to the fleet
January 1, 1615 - Ilha Grande, Coast of Rio de Janeiro - Van Spilbergen summons his council after signs of treason - four prisoners are taken to his ship, accused or running away from the "Meeuwe" with the yacht, in order to make themselves masters of the latter and use her to their own advantage
January 5, 1615 - Ilha Grande, Coast of Rio de Janeiro - The prisoners are distributed between ships. The "Meeuwe" gets a fresh crew, and two of the prisoners are hanged on the yard arm and shot by six musketeers
January 14, 1615 - Ilha Grande, Coast of Rio de Janeiro - The prisoners and accomplices of treason come aboard the flagship and beg for pardon on their knees. The council decides to release them on parole and distribute them amongst other ships
January 15, 1615 - Coast of Brazil - Van Spilbergen sets course to northwest by north in direction of the mainland
January 18, 1615 - São Vicente Bay, Santos - Attempts begin to negotiate with the portuguese, who were formally not authorized by the Spanish Crown to commerce with the dutch
January 26, 1615 - São Vicente Bay, Santos - Van Spilbergen stops a small barque from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro. Fearing for their lives, the crewmen inform the dutch admiral that there's still ten or twelve of their men prisoners at Rio de Janeiro, including Lieutenant François Duchesne
February 4, 1615 - São Vicente Bay, Santos - Van Spilbergen finally sets sail at the fourth attempt (due to days of calm)
March 7, 1615 - Off Rio Gallegos, Argentina - The fleet sees the river Gallegos but decides not to enter for being shallow and dangerous to the ships. Further south, they anchor at Cape Virgenes, the last cape before the Strait of Magellan
March 8, 1615 - Cape Virgenes - The ships are scattered by violent storms and contrary winds
March 27, 1615 - Coast of Tierra del Fuego, near the Strait's entrance - The ships reunite again near the entrance to the Strait of Magellan, but with difficult winds
April 3, 1615 - Strait of Magellan - Van Spilbergen finally sails into the Strait of Magellan. 
April 16, 1615 - Strait of Magellan - After being forced to stay at anchor several times with very slow South-southeast progress, suddenly the Strait turns to the west and northwest
April 23, 1615 - Strait of Magellan - All ships reunite again. Van Spilbergen invites all officers to dinner on board his ship. After days of eating mussels, they are "well regaled there with many fresh dishes of meat, pork, poultry, oranges, lemons, candied peel and marmalades, most of which he had procured at São Vicente; also with olives, capers, good spanish and french wine, dutch beer", among other things. They enjoy "a fine concert of various instruments and music of many voices"
May 6, 1615 - Pacific Ocean - Van Spilbergen reaches the Pacific Ocean, with the ships sailing in a perilous area of violent waves and many islets and rocks
May 21, 1615 - S. of Mocha Island - The Island of Mocha is seen just before they head west for a while
Mocha Island, 1615
May 23, 1615 - Mocha Island - Van Spilbergen reaches the Island of Mocha but is unable to anchor because of the winds
May 26, 1615 - Mocha Island - Four boats with the Admiral and some members of the Council are sent ashore with merchandise. The inhabitants welcome them and offer them all kinds of provisions - such as sheep, fowls, and other poultry, both cooked and raw. The chief of the island is welcomed aboard and entertained by Van Spilbergen, who shows him the ship
May 27, 1615 - Mocha Island - Van Spilbergen has all his troops drawn up in order on the ship fully armed, which pleases the inhabitants very much. The dutch weigh anchor and head north
May 28, 1615 - Off Santa Maria Island, Chile - The Island of Santa Maria is sighted. After summoning the Council, the "Jager" collides with the flagship's bow, doing much damage
May 29, 1615 - Santa Maria Island - Van Spilbergen anchors, leaving a sergeant on land with the indians and taking a spaniard as hostage
May 31, 1615 - Santa Maria Island - Armed men are seen marching straight to them. Van Spilbergen disembarks with three companies of soldiers and skirmishes happen. The spaniards loose 4 men and a large quantity of provisions. The rest are able to flee on horseback
June 3, 1615 - Off Concepción, Chile - The fleet anchors off Concepción and stays there until June 11th
June 12, 1615 - Valparaiso, Chile - Arrival in Valparaíso. Van Spilbergen lands with 200 soldiers, but the spanish burn the only ship they had there and their houses, fleeing inland
June 14, 1615 - Bay of Quintero, Chile - The dutch land to load fresh water in a small river. All spaniards in Chile are warned of their presence
July 2, 1615 - Arica, Northern Chile - Arrival in Arica, the port to where the Silver from Potosi is transported. However, finding no spanish galleons, the fleet continues to the north
July 17, 1615 - Coast of Peru - Naval battle against a spanish fleet of 7 ships under Don Rodrigo de Mendoza, who scorns the dutch force. The fight begins during the night. On the next day, the "Santa Ana" and the "San Francisco" are sunk
July 20, 1615 - Bay of Callao, Peru - At the Bay of Callao, 14 merchant ships are anchored, however, a shore battery almost sinks the "Morgensterre". The merchant ships sail too close to land for the dutch fleet to engage
July 26, 1615 - Bay of Callao, Peru - Unable to take any ships, Van Spilbergen weighs anchor
July 28, 1615 - Huarmey - Arrival in Huarmey. The dutch land to find a fine harbour but all houses empty
August 8, 1615 - Paita, N. Peru - Van Spilbergen's fleet anchors in Paita. The city is bombarded and plundered on August 10th
August 21, 1615 - Paita, N; Peru - Van Spilbergen heads north in search of Cocos Island (Costa Rica)
August 23, 1615 - Rio de Tumbez - Van Spilbergen anchors at the River Tumbez
September 7, 1615 - Off Cocos Island - They pass by Cocos Island, which is not found, due to continuous days of storms, rain, whirlwinds and lightning
September 13, 1615 - Off Cocos Island - Six more days of continuous storm. The crew begins to suffer from maladies without fresh food
October 11, 1615 - Acapulco - Van Spilbergen arrives in Acapulco and is welcomed by the spanish, after sending in a boat with a white flag
October 18, 1615 - Acapulco - The fleet departs from Acapulco, loaded with all kinds of provisions, having released the spanish prisoners aboard.
November 10, 1615 - Salagua - The fleet anchors at Salagua
November 15, 1615 - Barra de Navidad, Mexico - Van Spilbergen arrives to the harbour of Navidad
November 20, 1615 - Barra de Navidad, Mexico - The dutch weigh anchor
November 25, 1615 - Not far from Cape Corrientes, Lower California - The Council meets aboard Van Spilbergen's ship and it is decided to set course for the Bay of St.Lucas, Lower California
December 2, 1615 - Near the Cape of St.Lucas - Van Spilbergen decides to cross the Pacific Ocean, heading to Ladrones Island
January 24, 1616 - Ladrones Islands, Off Macao - Van Spilbergen arrives to Ladrones Islands after only 58 days voyage. The Natives bring many fruits that restore the health of the crew. The ships are loaded with fine fruits and other victuals
January 27, 1616 - Ladrones Islands, Off Macao - The Cannons and muskets accidentaly frighten the natives and Van Spilbergen sets sail to Manila
February 8, 1616 - Cape Espiritu Santo, NE Samar Island, E Philippines - The dutch come into sight of Cape Espiritu Santo, East Central Philippines. Go ashore on the 9th but are denied of commerce by the natives allied to the spanish
February 10, 1616 - Capul Island, Philippines - The dutch anchor at Capul, in Central Philippines, commercing with the natives
February 19, 1616 - Near Luzón Island - Van Spilbergen anchors at the next Luzón Island
February 25, 1616 - Near Albay mountain (Mayon Vulcano) - The dutch pass close to the Albay vulcano, that is burning and full of sulphur
February 30, 1616 - Mariveles, opposite of Manilla - Van Spilbergen anchors outside the entrance to the Manilla Harbour
March 3, 1616 - Corregidor Island, Manilla Bay entrance - Unable to sail inside the bay with adverse winds, Van Spilbergen anchors at Corregidor Island. A merchant is taken, laden with rice, oil, fowls, fruit and other food, which is very serviceable for the sick in the fleet
March 10, 1616 - Corregidor Island, Manilla Bay entrance - Van Spilbergen sets sail to the Moluccas, after taking several small merchant boats
March 20, 1616 - Cape La Caldera, westernmost point of Mindanao Island - Van Spilbergen reaches Cape La Caldera
March 23, 1616 - Between Taguima (Basilan Island) and Mindanao - The fleet spends 3 days without wind, moving slowly in the current. During the delay, the ships are loaded with many products brought by the canoes from the shore
March 27, 1616 - Off Pulau Sangihe (Sangir Island) - With favourable wind, Van Spilbergen passes close to Sangir Island
March 29, 1616 - Ternate - Arrival in Ternate
May 1, 1616 - Ternate - Van Spilbergen invites to dinner on board his ship all the captains of the soldiers, lieutenants, ensigns and other officers, as well as the merchants, skippers and pilots, giving them all the best cheer possible
May 2, 1616 - Makian - Van Spilbergen sets sail to Makian, in order to prevent the enemy from supplying foreign vessels there with cloves
May 12, 1616 - Tidore - Van Spilbergen hears through an english captain that Jan Dircksen Lam arrived in Banda with 12 warships and many soldiers and sailors, and that on the 10th of April he took the Island of Pulo Way, by force
June 1, 1616 - Ternate - Van Spilbergen anchors at Maleya Fort, Ternate. Twelve other dutch ships join him from Amboyna
July 8, 1616 - Ternate - Van Spilbergen receives orders to proceed to Bantam
July 15, 1616 - Pulau Buton Island (SE Sulawesi) - Arrival in Pulau Buton
August 25, 1616 - Japara, North Coast of Java - Van Spilbergen reaches Japara, where he takes in supplies of rice and other provisions
September 15, 1616 - Bantam, Java - Arrival in Bantam
September 30(?), 1616 - Bantam, Java - The ship "West Vriesen" arrives, aboard which 28 men intended to overpower it and make themselves masters of it. The ringleader is quartered at Bantam, some of them hanged, after their fingers had been cut off, and the rest, who were least guilty, condemned to the galleys and other forms of slavery
December 12, 1616 - Bantam, Java - Captain Steven Doessens arrives in Bantam from Lambe (East Sumatra) with the ships "Wapen van Amsterdam" and "Middelburch"
December 14, 1616 - Bantam, Java - Van Spilbergen sets sail to Holland with the "Wapen van Amsterdam" and the "Middelburch", taking Jacob Le Maire and Willem Schouten with him
December 22, 1616 - Indian Ocean - Jacob Le Maire dies aboard the "Wapen van Amsterdam", "caused by the affront and harshness put upon him"
January 24, 1617 - Off Mauritius Island - Van Spilbergen reaches Mauritius by nightfall, where he anchors, taking in supply of water and other provisions
January 30, 1617 - Mauritius Island - The two dutch ships resume voyage
February 1, 1617 - Reunion - The dutch see and pass the Island of Reunion (Mascarenhas)
March 11, 1617 - W of Cape of Good Hope - Van Spilbergen crosses the Cape and sets course Northwest by north
March 30, 1617 - St.Helena Island, South Atlantic - Van Spilbergen reaches St.Helena Island. The other dutch ship is waiting there
April 7, 1617 - St.Helena Island - Van Spilbergen resumes voyage
April 14, 1617 - Off Ascension Island - The crew sees Ascension Island by moonlight
May 13, 1617 - N Sal Island, Cape Verde - The dutch pass north of Sal Island, Cape Verde
July 1, 1617 - Zeeland - Van Spilbergen arrives in Zeeland (Vlissingen / Middelburg)
January 31, 1620 - Bergen-op-Zoom - Joris Van Spilbergen dies a poor man, aged 51 =(END)

Bibliography
LOTHROP MOTLEY, John - "History of the United Netherlands: From the death of William the Silent to the Twelve Years' Truce - 1609."
MONTEIRO, Saturnino - "Batalhas e Combates da Marinha Portuguesa", Vols. IV & V

Tuesday 16 January 2018

Piet Heyn | Timeline

Pieter Pietersen Heyn (Hein) (25 November 1577 – 18 June 1629) was a Dutch admiral and privateer for the Dutch Republic during the Eighty Years' War between the United Provinces and Spain. Hein was the first and the last to capture such a large part of a Spanish "silver fleet" from America. (Intro from Wikipedia)

November 25, 1577 - Delfshaven, Rotterdam - Pieter Pietersen Heyn is born
January(?) 1(?), 1598 - near Sluis(?) - Piet Heyn and his father are arrested by the Spanish - He is sent as a rower to a galley from the fleet of Ambrosio Spinola
January(?) 1(?), 1602 - ? - Piet Heyn is released by the spanish in a prisoner exchange
January(?) 1(?), 1603 - Havana, Cuba - Piet Heyn is arrested again, this time in the fortress of Havana
January(?) 1(?), 1605 - Cuba - Trade trip to Cuba to collect information
November(?) 1(?), 1607 - Amsterdam(?) - At the end of the year, Piet Heyn joins the East India Company =(START)
December 21, 1607 - Marsdiep | Goedereede - Piet Heyn departs in Pieter Verhoff's fleet as mate of the "Hollandia"
September 19, 1608 - Goa - Verhoff's fleet arrives in Goa
October(?) 1(?), 1608 - Calicut - Failed attack to the textile-rich city of Calicut
November 24, 1608 - Batu Sawar, Sultanate of Malacca - Verhoeff sends notice of his arrival in Batu Sawar. Requests a meeting with the Sultan and reminds him of his contract with Cornelis Matelieff
January 8, 1609 - Johor River - A sailor is devoured by an alligator while swimming. A few days later, another is bitten by a shark and dies
February 15, 1609 - Bantam, Java - Verhoeff's fleet arrives in Bantam
April 19, 1609 - Banda - Verhoeff arrives in Banda with a letter from Prince Maurits and a request to build a Fort
May 23, 1609 - Banda - Piet Heyn escapes on the day that 46 crewmembers and soldiers are killed
June 15, 1609 - Banda - The dutch fleet retaliates and completely destroys the place - Piet Heyn is promoted to skipper of the "Hollandia"
January(?) 1(?), 1611(?) - Azores Islands - In Azores to avoid a fire aboard?
February(?) 1(?), 1611 - ? - Piet Heyn returns to Holland with a valuable cargo of Cloves
January(?) 1(?), 1611 - Rotterdam - Piet Heyn marries Anneke Claesdochter de Reus
January(?) 1(?), 1614 - Leuvehaven - Piet Heyn and Anneke are prosperous enough to buy a large house for 2,900 guilders
January(?) 1(?), 1617 - ? - Piet Heyn becomed skipper of the "Neptunus"
January(?) 1(?), 1618 - Venice, Italy - The "Neptunus" and crew are recruited by the Venetian Republic to fight against Naples
January(?) 1(?), 1621 - Venice, Italy - Piet Heyn leaves his ship and returns to Holland by land
January(?) 1(?), 1623 - Delfshaven - Piet Heyn returns to Delfshaven. Abraham Jansz de Reus, Mayor of Rotterdam, earns him a position as alderman of the city council
November 2, 1623 - ? - Piet Heyn is appointed Vice-Admiral of the fleet destined to Bahia, under admiral Jacob Willekens
December 22, 1623 - Texel - Jacob Willekens departs for Brazil with 35 ships and Piet Heyn as vice-Admiral
May 8, 1624 - Off Salvador, Brazil - The dutch fleet appears off Salvador
May 9, 1624 - Salvador, Brazil - The Dutch take Salvador. Piet Heyn personally leads the dutch assault
August 5, 1624 - Salvador, Brazil - Piet Heyn departs to Angola with 7 ships
October 30, 1624 - Luanda, Angola - Failed attack from Piet Heyn to a reiforced Luanda
November 21, 1624 - Luanda, Angola - Piet Heyn starts a blockade to Luanda and contacts the Congo Kingdom
February 2, 1625 - Luanda, Angola - Piet Heyn sets sail to Salvador
April 18, 1625 - Off Salvador, Brazil - Piet Heyn is surprised by the presence of the Fleet of Don Fradique de Toledo and Salvador under spanish-portuguese siege
May 5, 1625 - Off Salvador, Brazil - Piet Heyn is informed that the Spanish-portuguese reconquered Salvador, and decides to sail to Holland
July 1(?), 1625 - ? - Piet Heyn arrives in Holland
August 9, 1625 - Amsterdam - Piet Heyn reports to the States-General
October(?) 1(?), 1625 - ? - Piet Heyn has his portrait painted by Jan Daemen Cool
March 28, 1626 - ? - Piet Heyn is appointed Admiral and Captain-General, with the military command of all Dutch activities in America
May 1(?), 1626 - ? - Piet Heyn departs to Cuba with 9 ships
December(?) 1(?), 1626 - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - Successful attack to Rio de Janeiro, but Willekens and Piet Heyn part ways after a dispute
January 19, 1627 - Sierra Leone - Piet Heyn reaches Sierra Leone, via Azores, with very favorable winds
February 25, 1627 - Brazilian Coast - Piet Heyn sights the Brazilian coast
April(?) 1(?), 1627 - Itaparica Island, off Salvador - With only 9 weakened ships and crewmembers suffering from scurvy, Piet Heyn gives up on reconquering Salvador, but takes a fleet of 26 portuguese merchant ships anchored at Salvador Roads, burning 17, taking 9 and taking 2564 chests of sugar.
June 10, 1627 - Bahia Coast - From June 10th to 18th, Piet Heyn attacks the portuguese ships in hidden creeks. Takes one ladden with sugar
August 25, 1627 - Bahia Coast - Piet Heyn sails to Holland with 6 ships
October 26, 1627 - Amsterdam - Piet Heyn appears unexpectedly before the Chamber of the WIC
April 13, 1628 - Texel - Piet Heyn sets sail to the Antilles with Witte de With and Joost Banckert
July 10, 1628 - Saint Vincent (St-Vincent & grenadines) - Arrival in the Antilles
July 27, 1628 - Cape Tiburón, Hispaniola - Piet Heyn's 31 ships arrive in Hispaniola
August 3, 1628 - Isla de Pinos - Passage by the Island of Pinos, where they find another 2 dutch ships
August 5, 1628 - Cape San Antonio, Cuba - Arrival in Cape San Antonio
August 16(?), 1628 - Dry Tortugas (W Key West, Florida) - At the Tortugas, Piet Heyn is warned that the Silver Fleet may pass at any moment
August 22, 1628 - North Coast of Cuba - Arrival to the North Coast of Cuba
August 24, 1628 - Havana - Arrival in Havana, during the night and with rough sea
September 7, 1628 - Havana - Banckert appears with 5 ships and joins Piet Heyn and De With
September 8, 1628 - Havana - Spanish ship captured, another 20 are seen - the dutch start pursuing
September 9, 1628 - Matanzas Bay, Cuba - The Silver Fleet is captured!
September 17, 1628 - Matanzas Bay - Piet Heyn sails back to Holland
September 30, 1628 - Florida Passage - Last time the fleet is seen before disappearing into the Atlantic Vastness
The Capture of the Spanish Silver Fleet, 1628
December 4, 1628 - Isle of Wight - Arrival to the Isle of Wight, where they find Jan Evertsen
December(?) 10(?), 1628 - Falmouth - Piet Heyn invades the neutral english harbor of Falmouth to hunt for dunkirkers
January 3, 1629 - Falmouth - The fleet sets sail to Holland
January 9, 1629 - Goeree - Piet Heyn returns to Holland as a hero
January(?) 15(?), 1629 - Leiden - Piet Heyn is received in Leiden City Hall with the frenzied crowd outside to see their hero
March 26, 1629 - Amsterdam - Piet Heyn is appointed Lieutenant-Admiral of Holland (supreme commander)
May 29, 1629 - Hellevoetsluis - Piet Heyn sets sail aboard the "Vliegende Groene Draeck" with a squadron to fight Dunkirk pirates
June 17, 1629 - Flanders Coast - Pieter Pietersen Heyn intercepts 3 Oostende privateers. As was his habit, he pushes the "Vliegende Groene Draeck" between two enemy ships for simultaneous broadside. However, during the process, he is shot in the shoulder by a musketball and dies instantly =(END)

Monday 15 January 2018

Paulus van Caerden | Timeline

Paulus van Caerden (c. 1569 – Manila, 1 October 1615) was a Dutch admiral in service of the Dutch East India Company. He lead two expeditions to the East Indies and one to Brazil. He was governor of the Maluku Islands for one month, until he was captured and arrested by the spanish. Admiral van Caerden died in captivity. Not surprisingly, there's no known painting of him known (yet), so for illustration purposes I chose a picture of an unknown man of the same time and age, painted by an unknown artist and with similar aspect/clothing to what Admiral van Caerden might have been like. As usual, I'm deeply thankful to any additional information and opinions.

January(?) 1(?), 1569 - ? - Paulus Willemszoon van Caerden is born
April 2, 1595 - Texel - Van Caerden, as midshipman, departs in Cornelis de Houtman's fleet
April 26, 1595 - Canary Islands - Passage through the Canary Islands
April 28, 1595 - S. of Canary Islands - Houtman encounters two heavily armed portuguese men-of-war of 1,000 to 1,200 tons, who mercifully are not inclined to attack the dutchmen. In fact, the encounter is very friendly. Visits and small gifts are exchanged. The Portuguese admiral speaks wistfully of Dom Pedro and seems unhappy to be a part of the Spanish Empire. Then the Portuguese continue on their way to Goa, to which city they were carrying the new archbishop
May 11, 1595 - Between Canary Islands and Cape Verde - Houtman finds the squadron of Joris Van Medemblick
May 19, 1595 - Mayo Island, Cape Verde - Landing on the Island of Mayo
June 4, 1595 - Line of the Equator - Cornelis de Houtman crosses the line of the Equator
August 4, 1595 - Mossel Bay, South Africa - Arrival in Mossel Bay
August 8, 1595 - Mossel Bay - The crew goes ashore to get oysters and mussels
August 11, 1595 - Mossel Bay - Houtman resumes voyage
September 3, 1595 - Southern tip of Madagascar - Arrival in Madagascar. Houtman is forced to stay for six months
September 13, 1595 - Island of Nosy Manitse, S. Madagascar - Houtman stays on the micro-island until October 7, west of Faux-cap
October 9, 1595 - St Augustin Bay - SW Madagascar - Houtman arrives at St Augustin Bay, and stays until December 13
December 14, 1595 - St Augustin Bay - SW Madagascar - With many crewmen recovered of disease, Houtman departs for Java
January 5, 1596 - Saint-Mary's Island, NE Madagascar - On the way to Java they are forced to return to Antongil Bay by a storm
February 12, 1596 - Saint-Mary's Island, NE Madagascar - After richly stocked with various provisions, Houtman resumes voyage
June 5, 1596 - Island of Pulau Enggano, NW Sunda Strait - After a difficult voyage with southeast winds, Houtman arrives at the Sunda Strait
June 22, 1596 - Bantam, Java - Arrival at Bantam in Java. After being badly received, they bombard the city.
August 28, 1596 - Bantam, Java - Houtman protests for the presence of two Portuguese junks loading pepper there
September 5, 1596 - Bantam, Java - Houtman and the Dutch ashore are arrested. The ships open fire
September 7, 1596 - Bantam, Java - Twenty Javanese ships surround the Dutch, but with their cannons, the Dutch destroy them
November 6, 1596 - Bantam, Java - After resuming trading in September, Houtman heads east
December 5, 1596 - Sidajoe (Surabaya?) - Houtman's ship is attacked, and with many dead aboard, he is forced to sail away
December 8, 1596 - Pulau Madura, Java - Houtman anchors in Pulau Madura. Suspicious, a Javanese Prince is killed by mistake
January 11, 1597 - Bawean - With only 94 men for 4 ships, the "Amsterdam" is purposely set on fire and the crew divided over the other three ships
February 26, 1597 - Bali - Arrival at Bali and meeting with the king. They managed to obtain a few pots of peppercorns
May(?) 15(?), 1597 - Cape of Good Hope - Houtman rounds the Cape of Good Hope
June(?) 11(?), 1597 - St.Helena Island - At St.Helena Island, a tense situation develops when the portuguese there prevent the dutch from anchoring, landing and resupplying
August 14, 1597 - Texel - Return of the first expedition
December 21, 1599 - Texel - Van Caerden sets sail in Pieter Both's expedition, as vice-Admiral. His ships are the "Nederland", "Verenigde Landen", "Nassau" and "Hof van Holland"
August 6, 1600 - Bantam, Java - Both and Van Caerden arrive in Bantam
August 25, 1600 - Pariaman, West Sumatra - Van Caerden sails for Pariaman, West Sumatra, to load the ship with pepper
November 21, 1600 - Aceh, Sumatra - Van Caerden reaches Aceh (not able to free Frederick de Houtman there)
March 19, 1601 - Bantam, Java - Loading the ship with 1,500 more bags of pepper
July 8, 1601 - Mossel Bay, South Africa - Lands at Mossel Bay. Mussels are a welcome addition to the diet
November 1(?) - ? - Van Caerden returns to the Netherlands with full cargo of pepper
January(?) 1(?), 1603 - ? - Van Caerden sets sail to Brazil and Antilles with Joachim Henricksz Swartenhondt as vice-admiral
July 22, 1604 - Salvador Harbor, Brazil - Van Caerden plunders several ships loaded with sugar
July 25, 1604 - All Saints' Bay, Bahia, Brazil (Matoim River?) - At the mouth of a river on the shore of All Saints' Bay, a ship from Rotterdam was being careened. Its captain, Symon Tack, apparently on the side of the portuguese, opens fire on Van Caerden from a shore battery. The dutch admiral uses a shallop to approach, disabling the shore cannons and plundering the turncoat's ship
July 28, 1604 - Mouth of River Matoim, All Saints' Bay, Bahia, Brazil - Van Caerden finds two ships and approaches on a shallop to take them. Meanwhile, the portuguese set one of them ablaze and fire their shore batteries over them
"De Hollandse Tuyn", arriving
from Salvador, Brazil, 1605
July 30, 1604 - All Saints' Bay, Bahia, Brazil (Matoim River?) - Van Caerden disembarks his people ashore and burns all the houses in sight.
January(?) 1(?), 1605 - Amsterdam - Van Caerden and Swartenhondt return to Holland
April 20, 1606 - Texel - Van Caerden sets sail from Texel with a fleet of 8 ships: "Banda", "Bantam", "Ceylon", "Walcheren", "Ter Veer", "Zierikzee", "China" and "Patani"
September 1(?), 1606 - Cape Lopez, Gabon - Van Caerden stops at Cape Lopez to take fresh water
November 1(?), 1606 - Annobón Islands - Van Caerden stops at Annobón Islands to take fresh water
Island of Mozambique
March 29, 1607 - Island of Mozambique - Van Caerden attacks the Fortress in the Island of Mozambique
May 7, 1607 - Island of Mozambique - Letter to Dom Estêvão, threatening to destroy the whole area, unless it was bought off with a sum of money
May 16, 1607 - Island of Mozambique - Unable to take the fort, Van Caerden weighs anchor and sails to Mayotte
June 8, 1607 - Mayotte, Comoros Islands - Van Caerden reaches Mayotte to resupply his ships
July 17, 1607 - Mayotte, Comoros Islands - Van Caerden sets sail to the Island of Mozambique
August 4, 1607 - Island of Mozambique - Van Caerden returns to the Island of Mozambique. After setting the city on fire and cutting down all the trees, van Caerden refrains from further action
August 26, 1607 - Island of Mozambique - Van Caerden departs to the coast of India
October 2, 1607 - Goa - Van Caerden reaches Goa
October 10, 1607 - Off Goa - Van Caerden takes the "Nossa Senhora do Loreto", carrying correspondence from Phillip III to his Vice-roy in Goa
November(?) 1(?), 1607 - Calicut - Van Caerden anchors at Calicut, on his course to Bantam
November(?) 15(?), 1607 - Pulo Gale (Galle), Ceylon - Van Caerden anchors at Punto Gale, on his course to Bantam
January 6, 1608 - Bantam, Java - Van Caerden arrives in Bantam
January 14, 1608 - Bantam, Java - Van Caerden returns to Bantam, from Johor
January 17, 1608 - Bantam, Java - Letter by Van Caerden to Matelieff
January 21, 1608 - Bantam, Java - Van Caerden sets sail to Maluku Islands
March 10, 1608 - Amboina (Ambon Island) - Van Caerden arrives in Ambon
May 18, 1608 - Malayo, Ternate - Arrival in Ternate. Ship's log: "Saw 3 galleys and some junks of the Portuguese laying off Ternate, and arrived towards evening under Ternate, and caste anchor off Malayo, we found there the ships Gelderland, the Kleine Son and the Duyfken, and the frigate which had been taken at Celebes". An attempt to take the fort at Gammelamme fails
June 14, 1608 - Tidore - Van Caerden attacks Tidore
June 18, 1608 - Tidore - Without success, Van Caerden sets sail to Makian
June 25, 1608 - Makian - Arrival in Makian, with the "Duyfken"
July 18, 1608 - Tafahoso, Makian - Van Caerden succeeds in taking the fort at Tafasoho
July 21, 1608 - Tafahoso, Makian - After a tsunami, where van Caerden looses 2 ships, the dutch admiral names Apollonius Scotte as commander of the Fort
August 26, 1608 - Morotai Island (Northern Maluku) - Van Caerden, with a small ship and 74 men, takes the small Morotai island, defended by just 10 spanish soldiers.
August 27, 1608 - Morotai (Northern Maluku) - As he returns to the ships, the dutch admiral is captured by Sargeant-Major Pedro de Heredia in Morotai, in command of two ships
September(?) 1(?), 1608 - Gammelamme fort (Ternate?) - Van Caerden is imprisoned in the Gammelamme fort
March 10, 1609 - Amboina (Ambon Island) - ?
March 18, 1610 - Gammelamme fort (Ternate?) - Van Caerden and other 10 dutch sailors are set free after paying 6,000 pieces of eight
June 1, 1610 - Maluku Islands - Van Caerden is appointed Governor of the Maluku Islands
July 9, 1610 - Manila, Philippines - Van Caerden is captured again, this time by Sargeant-Major Azcueta Menchaca. The dutch admiral is taken to Manila as forced labourer. Twenty two spanish prisoners at Ternate are released, but the other conditions not being met, Van Caerden stays in prison until his death
October 1, 1615 - Manila, Philippines - Paulus Van Caerden dies in captivity, aged 46 =(END)