Suleiman the Magnificent | Timeline

Suleiman I (6 November 1494 – 6 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the West and Kanunî Sultan Süleyman‎‎; "The Lawgiver Suleiman") in his realm, was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 until his death in 1566. Under his administration, the Ottoman state ruled over 15 to 25 million people.
Suleiman became a prominent monarch of 16th-century Europe, presiding over the apex of the Ottoman Empire's economic, military and political power. Suleiman personally led Ottoman armies in conquering the Christian strongholds of Belgrade and Rhodes as well as most of Hungary before his conquests were checked at the Siege of Vienna in 1529. He annexed much of the Middle East in his conflict with the Safavids and large areas of North Africa as far west as Algeria. Under his rule, the Ottoman fleet dominated the seas from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea and through the Persian Gulf.
At the helm of an expanding empire, Suleiman personally instituted major legislative changes relating to society, education, taxation and criminal law. His reforms, carried out in conjunction with the empire's chief judicial official Ebussuud Efendi, harmonized the relationship between the two forms of Ottoman law; sultanic (Kanun) and religious (Sharia). He was a distinguished poet and goldsmith; he also became a great patron of culture, overseeing the "Golden" age of the Ottoman Empire in its artistic, literary and architectural development. (extended Intro from Wikipedia)

June 11, 1494 - Trabzon - Suleiman (the Magnificent) is born

January(?) 1(?), 1502 - Istanbul - 7-year old Suleiman is taken to the Topkapi Palace to study science, history, literature, theology and military tactics
August 6, 1509 - Caffa (Theodosiya), Crimea - Prince Suleiman is sent to Crimea

September 30, 1520 - Üsküdar - 25-year old Suleiman arrives in Üsküdar, on the anatolian coast of the Bosphorus. He sets out on three galleys, which take him to the Seraglio where the Grand Vizir was waiting for him =(START)
October 1, 1520 - Istanbul - Chief dignataries come to pay homage to Suleiman at the Council Chamber. Then the new Sultan goes to Edirne Kapi to rejoin the funeral cortège of Selim I

Suleiman ahead of his army

February 6, 1521 - Istanbul - Suleiman departs for his first military campaign
May(?) 1(?), 1521 - Edirne - Passage through Edirne (speculative date)
May 18, 1521 - Plovdiv, Bulgaria - Passage through Plovdiv
June(?) 1(?), 1521 - Sofia, Bulgaria - Passage through Sofia (speculative date)
June(?) 15(?), 1521 - Niš, Serbia - The force is divided in two. Suleiman heads to Belgrade via Šabac, while Grand Vizier Piri Pasha heads directly to Belgrade
July 7, 1521 - Šabac, Serbia - Šabac is taken and its small garrison slaughtered
July 25, 1521 - Belgrade, Serbia - Suleiman lays siege to Belgrade (under hungarian rule)
August 29, 1521 - Belgrade - Belgrade is conquered
September 18, 1521 - Belgrade - Suleiman departs to Istanbul
October 19, 1521 - Istanbul - Suleiman returns to Istanbul after his first military campaign
March 21, 1522 - Istanbul - Princess Mihrimah Sultan is born
June 18, 1522 - Üsküdar - Suleiman departs Üsküdar by the overland route with 100,000 men
July 2, 1522 - Kutahya - The governors (beylerbey) of Anatolia and Rumelia, Kasim Pasha and Ayas Pasha, meet Suleiman

Suleiman in Rhodes, 1522

July 28, 1522 - Marmaris, opposite Rhodes - Sultan Suleiman arrives with an army of 100,000 men to take personal charge
August 1, 1522 - Rhodes - The Beyerley of Rumelia opens fire with 21 cannons against the german bastion in Rhodes
September 4, 1522 - Rhodes - A mine makes a large breach in the english bastion. The turks poured in and a terrible battle ensued
September 24, 1522 - Rhodes - General assault - mines open gaps in the city walls and the janissaries attack all bastions at once, but they are forced back
October 12, 1522 - Rhodes - Attempt against the english bastion. The turks stop when the janissary leader is wounded
November 30, 1522 - Rhodes - An attempt against the spanish and italian bastions leave 3,000 turks dead
December 10, 1522 - Rhodes - Suleiman offers to negotiate with the Grand Master - if the town was made over to him in 3 days, the garrison could go free; if they refused, "not even the cats" would be spared
December 22, 1522 - Rhodes - The representatives of Rhodes's Latin and greek inhabitants accept Suleiman's generous terms
January 1, 1523 - Rhodes - The remaining knights and soldiers march out of Rhodes and board the 50 ships, destined to Crete
April 21, 1526 - Istanbul - The Ottoman army sets out from Istanbul, led by Suleiman personally at the head of 100,000 men and 300 cannons
July 15, 1526 - Pétervárad (Petrovaradin, Novi Sad) - The ottomans besiege and take Pétervárad
August(?) 1(?), 1526 - Ilok (eastern tip of Croatia) - The ottomans besiege and take Ilok
August 8, 1526 - Osijek - The ottomans besiege and take Osijek
August 20, 1526 - near Osijek - The ottoman army begins crossing the Drava River near Osijek
August 29, 1526 - Mohács, Hungary - Battle of Mohács - Decisive Ottoman Victory
September 10, 1526 - Buda - The ottomans pitch camp before Buda
November 30(?), 1526 - Istanbul - Suleiman is acclaimed by the people while returning to Istanbul
November 3, 1527 - Istanbul - Imperial Council meeting
December 31(?), 1527 - Istanbul - Jerome Laski, Zapolyai's envoy, arrives in Istanbul
February 28, 1528 - Istanbul - The Porte signs a treaty promising 50 cannons and 500 hundredweight of gunpowder to Zapolyai for his first campaign against Ferdinand
May 10, 1529 - Istanbul - The ottoman expedition to Vienna departs Istanbul with the customary ceremonial and display. Suleiman advances among thousands of janissaries, sipahi and akinci, while the artillery, administrators and commissariat follow in perfect order behind
July 15(?), 1529 - Belgrade, Serbia - The ottoman army reaches Belgrade
August 6, 1529 - Osijek - The ottoman army arrives in Osijek
August 18, 1529 - Mohács Plain - The ottoman army reaches the Mohács plain
September 8, 1529 - Buda - Fall of Buda
September 27, 1529 - Semmering, SW of Vienna, Austria - The ottoman army of 120,000 men and 28,000 camels, reaches Vienna. Suleiman pitches camp at the village of Semmering

Siege of Vienna, 1529

October 7, 1529 - Vienna - 800 imperial troops attempt a sortie to catch the turks near the Carinthian gate from behind. The operation is badly executed and ends in disaster. Most of the soldiers take flight, but the turks pursue them and, by the evening, 500 christian heads were piled up as a trophy
October 14, 1529 - Vienna - With bad weather and ammunition and supplies running low, the ottomans launch two final assaults into the breach near the Carinthian Gate. The troops commanded by Nicholas of Salm resist.
October 16, 1529 - Vienna - Suleiman decides to lift siege, as it began to snow heavily. He regrets leaving Istanbul so late in the year, as he had only 20 days available to take a powerfully defended city. The heavier artillery didn't even reach Vienna, which was crucial for the failure
December 15(?), 1529 - Istanbul - Return to Istanbul after a difficult journey through snow and flooded roads
June 27, 1530 - Istanbul - Festivities for the circumcision of the Princes Mustafa, Mehmed and Selim. Suleiman rode to the Hippodrome, where a throne had been set up below a canopy "dazzling with gold". Surrounded by viziers, beylerbey and the janissary leader, he received the contratulations and gifts of the leading dignataries and, on the following day, those of the former viziers, the kurdish emirs and the Venetian ambassadors
October 1(?), 1530 - Istanbul - A new diplomatic mission from Ferdinand of Habsburg arrives in Istanbul, to ask Suleiman to give back Hungary

Hurrem Sultan, or, Roxelana

April 25, 1532 - Istanbul - Suleiman sets off on a new campaign in the Danube territories. He had with him 100,000 men, including 12,000 janissaries, 30,000 Anatolian soldiers, 16,000 rumelian soldiers and 20,000 Porte knights, the rest consisting of akinci, sappers, pontoneers, etc. 300 cannons made up his artillery force
May(?) 25(?), 1532 - Belgrade, Serbia - At Belgrade, Suleiman receives 15,000 Tartar reinforcements led by Sahib Giray, the Khan's brother
June(?) 1(?), 1532 - Eszek - Further troops join Suleiman, who was now at the head of up to 200,000 men
July 12, 1532 - Osijek - Letter to Ferdinand, warning him that the campaign was against Charles V
July(?) 15(?), 1532 - Niš, southern Serbia - Ferdinand's envoys come with peace proposals. In vain they offer 25,000 ducats, then 100,000, in return for Suleiman's acceptance of Ferdinand as King of Hungary
August 5, 1532 - Kőszeg (S. of Sopron), Hungary - Suleiman lays siege to Kőszeg
August 30, 1532 - Kőszeg - Suleiman withraws at the arrival of the August rains
September 12, 1532 - Maribor, Slovenia - Suleiman lays siege to Maribor (Marburg)
September 21, 1532 - Maribor, Slovenia - Suleiman lifts the siege and continues to Istanbul
November 18, 1532 - Istanbul - Suleiman returns to Istanbul after a 6-month absence. The people celebrate for five days
July 22, 1533 - Istanbul - The Treaty of Constantinople is signed between the Ottoman Empire and the Archduchy of Austria
January(?) 1(?), 1534 - (While in Istanbul) - His mother dies
June 11, 1534 - Istanbul - Suleiman departs in campaign to the East
September 28, 1534 - Tabriz, Iran - Suleiman reaches Tabriz (another source says it was on 15-7-1534)
November 22, 1534 - Baghdad, Iraq - Suleiman reaches the vicinity of Baghdad after a difficult trek in cold and windy weather, with floods and overflowing rivers causing casualties
November 29, 1534 - Baghdad, Iraq - Suleiman takes Baghdad without resistance
February 1(?), 1535 - (While in Baghdad) - Tahmasb's forces recover Tabriz
April 5(?), 1535 - Baghdad - Suleiman leaves Baghdad in early April to meet Tahmasb's forces
July 1, 1535 - Tabriz, Iran - The ottoman army reaches Tabriz for a second time in the same campaign
July 4, 1535 - Tabriz - Suleiman makes a triumphal entry into the city
March 14, 1536 - Istanbul - At the urging of his conniving ucranian-born wife Roxelana, Suleiman sanctions the assassination of Grand Vizier Pargali Ibrahim Pasha, whose growing power seemed to threaten the Sultan
March 15, 1536 - Istanbul - Grand Vizier Pargali Ibrahim Pasha is executed in istanbul and his property confiscated by the state
August 19, 1537 - Vlorë, Albania - Suleiman decides to depart for Corfu
August 26, 1537 - Corfu - Suleiman and Barbarossa begin the bombardment of Corfu, after taking several islands
September 15, 1537 - Istanbul - Worried by a plague among their troops, Suleiman and Barbarossa return to Istanbul
July 9, 1538 - Istanbul - Suleiman departs in campaign to Moldavia
July 17, 1538 - Edirne - Suleiman arrives in Edirne
July 25, 1538 - Edirne - War Council
August 17, 1538 - Babadag, Romania - Suleiman visits the tomb of Sari Saltuk Baba, a 13th-century semi-legendary turkish dervish, venerated as a saint by the bektashis in the Balkans and parts of Middle East
August 21, 1538 - Oblucița (Isaccea), Romania - The Ottoman army crosses the Danube to Oblucița (Isaccea)
August 31, 1538 - Fălciu, Romania - The Ottoman army crosses the Prut River at Fălciu
September 9, 1538 - near Iași, Romania - Suleiman links up with the Tatars of Sahib Ghirai near Iași and heads to Suceava
September 15, 1538 - Suceava, NE Romania - Suleiman occupies Suceava (until 22nd)
October 20(?), 1538 - Yambol, Bulgaria - Returning to Istanbul, Suleiman passes through Yambol
October 24, 1538 - Edirne - Suleiman arrives in Edirne, on his return to Istanbul
October 28(?), 1538 - Istanbul - Suleiman returns to Istanbul
November 26, 1539 - Istanbul - Wedding of Princess Mihrimah to Rüstem Pasha Opuković, a croatian-born statesman, and celebrations for Prince Bayezid's circumcision
October 2, 1540 - Istanbul - Treaty granted to the Doge of Venice, Pietro Lando. The Republic agrees to new territorial sacrifices in the disputed zones between the two states: Nauplia and Monemvasia in Peloponnesus, Vrana and Nadin on the border of Bosnia, as well as a group of Aegean Islands, including Naxos, Paros, Santorini and Andros
November(?) 1(?), 1540 - Istanbul - Villegagnon delivers a letter from the french King to Suleiman
August 21, 1541 - Buda, Hungary - Suleiman defeats Wilhelm von Roggendorf's habsburg army. The ottomans occupy Buda
July 25, 1543 - Esztergom, Hungary - Suleiman besieges Esztergom
August 10, 1543 - Esztergom - Esztergom is captured
August 20, 1543 - Székesfehérvár - The ottoman army marches to Székesfehérvár
September 2, 1543 - Székesfehérvár - The ottoman soldiers storm the outer city of Székesfehérvár. The Citadel surrenders the next day
March 1(?), 1544 - Suleiman appoints his son Selim as the Provincial Governor of Manisa
July 27, 1548 - Tabriz, Iran - The Ottomans occupy Tabriz for the fourth time
August 25, 1548 - Van, E.Turkey - The City of Van is surrounded, put under siege and bombarded
October 26, 1552 - Istanbul(?) - Letter to Piri Reis, who was off Hormuz
August 28, 1553 - Istanbul - Suleiman (in company of his son Cihandir) departs Istanbul with the Ottoman Army for his third campaign in the east agains the Safavids
October 5, 1553 - Ereğli, Konya - Suleiman arrives in Ereğli
October 6, 1553 - Ereğli, Konya - Şehzade (Crown Prince) Mustafa arrives at his father's camp. Suleiman has him strangled
November 8, 1553 - Aleppo, Syria - Suleiman arrives in Aleppo to spend winter. He is greated by the City
November 15, 1553 - (While in Aleppo) - An official letter is sent from Istanbul to Venice, explaining that Piri Reis had been beheaded in Cairo because he had been corrupted by the portuguese and had raised the siege of Hormuz
April 9, 1554 - Aleppo - Suleiman departs for Diyarbakir after spending winter in Aleppo
May 15, 1554 - Diyarbakir(?) - Commanders and officers of various units are invited to an imperial council meeting
June(?) 1(?), 1554 - Erzurum - The ottoman army marches to Erzurum
June 29, 1554 - Nahçivan, Azerbaijan enclave - The ottoman army reaches Nahçivan
July 5, 1554 - Kars, NE Turkey - Suleiman falls back on Kars due to logistic difficulties
July 10, 1554 - Nahçivan - The ottoman army marches to Nahçivan again
July 18, 1554 - Yerevan, Armenia - Suleiman reaches Yerevan, burning and looting the countryside and the towns they came across

Old age Suleiman

August 7(?), 1554 - Erzurum - Suleiman returns to Erzurum for Ramadan. A letter from the Shah arrives
May 21, 1555 - Amasya - Suleiman invites the ambassadors for an imperial council
May 29, 1555 - Amasya - Peace Treaty between Sultan Suleiman and Shah Tahmasp of Safavid Iran - The treaty defined the border between Iran and the Ottoman Empire. By this treaty Armenia and Georgia were divided equally between the two, the Ottoman Empire obtained most of Iraq, including Baghdad, which gave them access to the Persian Gulf, while the Persians retained their former capital Tabriz and the north-western borders as they were prior to the wars. The frontier thus established ran across the mountains dividing eastern and western Georgia (under native vassal princes), through Armenia, and via the western slopes of the Zagros down to the Persian Gulf. The Ottomans, further, gave permission for Persian pilgrims to go to the holy places of Mecca and Medina as well as to the Shiite sites of pilgrimage in Iraq
June 21, 1555 - Amasya - Suleiman leaves Amasya
July 31, 1555 - Istanbul - Suleiman returns to Istanbul
September 29, 1555 - Istanbul - Suleiman returns to Istanbul (info needed: from where he came?)
April 15, 1558 - Istanbul - Roxelana dies in Topkapi Palace, aged 53-56

Suleiman's funeral, 1566

September 25, 1561 - Istanbul - Suleiman orders the death of Bayezid, one of his sons, after he is repatriated by the Shah of Persia
May 1, 1566 - Istanbul - Suleiman departs Istanbul at the head of another gigantic army
June 27, 1566 - Belgrade - The Ottoman army reaches Belgrade after a 49-day march. Suleiman meets with John II Sigismund Zápolya (who he earlier promised to make the ruler of all Hungary)
August 5, 1566 - Szigetvár, Hungary - Suleiman arrives in Szigetvár with the main force (advanced guard arrived on August 2nd)
August 6, 1566 - Szigetvár - The siege begins. Suleiman orders a general assault on the ramparts, although it is repulsed
September 7, 1566 - Szigetvár - Suleiman the Magnificent dies in his tent, aged 71 =(END)

Bibliography
CLOT, André - Suleiman the Magnificent

Mehmed II | Timeline

Mehmed II, (30 March 1432 – 3 May 1481), best known as Mehmed the Conqueror, was an Ottoman sultan who ruled first for a short time from August 1444 to September 1446, and later from February 1451 to May 1481. At the age of 21, he conquered Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and brought an end to the Eastern Roman Empire. Mehmed continued his conquests in Anatolia with its reunification and in Southeast Europe as far west as Bosnia. Mehmed is considered a hero in modern-day Turkey and parts of the wider Muslim world. Among other things, Istanbul's Fatih district, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge and Fatih Mosque are named after him. (Intro from Wikipedia)

March 30, 1432 - Edirne - Mehmed II is born of a concubine named Hüma Hatun
January(?) 1(?), 1435 - Amasya - Mehmed is sent to Amasya where his brother was governor. His brother dies in 1437
June(?) 1(?), 1439 - Edirne - Mehmed and his half-brother Aladdin Ali are called to Edirne. Sultan Murad has them circumcised and festivities last for 7 days. Mehmed is designated Governor of Manisa
January(?) 1(?), 1443 - Amasya - Mehmed is sent to Amasya to govern and gain experience
June 1(?), 1443 - Aladdin Ali is killed by his advisor, Kara Hizir Pasha, who also killed another two sons of the Prince. He is executed, although some say that the intention was to pave way to Mehmed
May 22, 1444 - Edirne - Mehmed participates on an audience given by Sultan Murad to a genoese commercial mission
June 12, 1444 - Edirne - Mehmed participates on an audience given by Sultan Murad to four ambassadors from the West
December(?) 1(?), 1444 - Edirne - Sultan Murad surprises his court, announcing that he abdicated in favour of his 12 year-old son Mehmed =(START)
February 23, 1446 - Edirne - The venetians sign a peace treaty with Mehmed, trying to take advantage of his youth
April 1(?), 1446 - Edirne - The Janissaries demand a pay increase. When their demand is denied, they storm and burn Edirne Market, after which Mehmed accepts their demand, opening a dangerous precedent for the next centuries
May 5, 1446 - Edirne - Mehmed's father, Murad, reassumes the Throne, as Mehmed was considered unready and unpopular
September 1(?), 1446 - Manisa - Mehmed retires to Manisa, as his father Murad reassumes the position of Sultan, continually persuaded by  Çandarlı Halil Paşa, who thought the young Mehmed too immature to govern
December 3, 1447 - Manisa - Mehmed becomes a father, when his greek concubine gives birth to the future Bayezid II
October(?) 1(?), 1448 - Sofia, Bulgaria - Murad departs from Sofia with Mehmed to meet Corvinus in battle
October 17, 1448 - Kosovo Polje - Battle of Kosovo Polje against Corvinus - Mehmed commands the ottoman right flank - his first battle
October 20, 1448 - Kosovo Polje - End of the Battle of Kosovo Polje - Ottoman victory
January(?) 1(?), 1449 - Manisa - Mehmed returns to Manisa and keeps sending his filibusters to harass the venetian possessions in the Aegean
September 1(?), 1449 - (while in Manisa) - Hüma Hatun, Mehmed's mother, dies in Bursa
May 14, 1450 - Krujë, Albania - Murad and Mehmed lay siege to Krujë
September 1(?), 1450 - Edirne - Mehmed is forced to marry the turkoman princess Sitti Hatun
October 26, 1450 - Krujë - Murad is forced to lift the siege because of the arriving winter and Skanderbeg's tenacious defence
February 8, 1451 - Manisa - In Edirne, Sultan Murad dies of a apoplexy after a drinking session
February 10(?), 1451 - Akşehir - Mehmed receives envoys from Ibrahim Bey, pleading for forgiveness and peace, and offering the hand of one of his daughters
February 12(?), 1451 - Bursa - Mehmed arrives in Bursa, where the janissaries storm out to meet him, demanding a gift of money. Mehmed swallowed his rage and ordered tem sacks of aspers distributed among the mutineers
February 17, 1451 - Kocaeli - With Gelibolu blockaded by Christian ships, Mehmed crosses the Bosphorus near the Castle of Akçe Hisar and is welcomed by the Ottoman Court and the people of the surroundings
February 18, 1451 - Edirne - Mehmed arrives in Edirne and is acclaimed Sultan
September 10, 1451 - Edirne - Mehmed receives the Venetian ambassador and renews the Peace Treaty with the Republic
November 20, 1451 - The Ottoman empire concludes a 3-year truce with János Hunyadi
January(?) 1(?), 1452 - Constantinople - Orban, an hungarian cannon founder, arrives in Constantinople to seek his fortunes at the imperial court
April 15, 1452 - Rumeli Hisari (13km from Constantinople) - The Fortress of Rumeli Hisari starts being built on the european side of the Bosphorus
August(?) 1(?), 1452 - Edirne - After being destituted in by lack of money, Orban arrives in Edirne to seek to offer his services to Mehmed II. Mehmed asked if he could cast a cannon to project a stone ball large enough to smash the walls at Constantinople. Orban’s reply was emphatic: “I can cast a cannon of bronze with the capacity of the stone you want. I have examined the walls of the city in great detail. I can shatter to dust not only these walls with the stones from my gun, but the very walls of Babylon itself.” Mehmed ordered him to make the gun.
August 31, 1452 - Rumeli Hisari - The Fortress is completed and Orban's cannon installed in one of the towers. Soon, the first venetian ship is sunk
November 15(?), 1452 - Didymoteichon, Greece, South of Edirne - Another venetian ship is sunk by Orban's cannon. The captain, Antonio Rizzo and his crew are taken to Mehmed, who has him impaled and all crew beheaded, so that travellers saw and could take the news to Constantinople
January 1(?), 1453 - Edirne - Orban shows Mehmed a Huge cannon, twice as big as the one in Rumeli Hisari, capable of shooting a 550kg stone ball up to 2,000 meters of range
March 1(?), 1453 - Gelibolu (Gallipoli) - Mehmed starts assembling a fleet in Gallipoli
April 6, 1453 - Constantinople - The Siege of Constantinople begins

Mehmed II enters into Constantinople

May 29, 1453 - Constantinople - Fall of Constantinople to the ottomans. Middle Ages are over
June 1, 1453 - Istanbul - Mehmed II participates of the first muslim prayer in the Haghia Sofia, with an improvised wooden minaret
June 19(?), 1453 - Istanbul - Mehmed departs to Edirne and announces that Constantinople would be is capital, henceforth renamed as Istanbul
April 18, 1454 - Istanbul - Mehmed receives the venetian ambassador, Bartolomeo Marcello and sign a Treaty with the Republic
September 24, 1454 - Leskovac, Serbia - Battle of Leskovac - The serbs score a decisive victory over the Ottomans
October 2, 1454 - Kruševac - Battle of Kruševac - Decisive Serbian Victory
March(?) 15(?), 1455 - Edirne - The ottoman army marches to establish control over the area of Kosovo
March(?) 25(?), 1455 - Sofia, Bulgaria - Passage through Sofia
April(?) 1(?), 1455 - Kyustendil, W.Bulgaria - The army marches west to Kyustandil
April(?) 8(?), 1455 - Kratovo, E. of Skopje, Macedonia - Mehmed II joins forces with Isa Bey, who advises him to attack the mountain city of Novo Brdo at once
April 23, 1455 - Novo Brdo (east of Prishtina), Kosovo - Mehmed II lays siege to Novo Brdo, a rich mining city for silver
June 1, 1455 - Novo Brdo - Campaing in Kosovo - Mehmed takes Novo Brdo after a siege of 40 days. According with Konstantin Mihailović, a serbian-born janissary, "the Sultan stood at the small gate of the castle and sorted the boys from the girls. He then sorted the women on one side of a ditch, and the men on the other. He then ordered all men of any distinguished rank or importance decapitated. The young women and girls, some 700 of them, were taken and married off to soldiers and Ottoman commanders". Following this, the young boys, some 320 of them including Mihailović and his two brothers, were taken to be trained as members of the janissaries
January 24, 1456 - Enez (Northwest of Galipoli) - Mehmed and his janissaries take Enez
July 4, 1456 - Belgrade, Serbia - The ottoman siege of Belgrade begins
July 21, 1456 - Belgrade - Mehmed orders an all-out assault to Belgrade during all the night
July 22, 1456 - Belgrade - The defeated ottoman army lifts the siege
September(?) 1(?), 1456 - Istanbul(?) - Mehmed returns to Istanbul(?)
April(?) 1(?), 1457 - Edirne - Two-month long circumcision festivities held for Mehmed II's sons Bayezid and Mustafa
April 1(?), 1458 - Edirne(?) - Mehmed departs for conquest in Greece
May 15, 1458 - Corinth Isthmus - Mehmed II crosses the Corinth Isthmus
June 1(?), 1458 - Athens, Greece - The last defenders of Athens surrender
August 2, 1458 - Corinth - Corinthian defenders surrender
October(?) 1(?), 1458 - Skopje, Macedonia - Mehmed arrives from the Peloponnese to join Mahmud Pasha
June 20, 1459 - Smederevo, Serbia - Mehmed captures Smederevo
December 2, 1459 - Istanbul - Mehmed's concubine Çiçek gives birth to his son Jem, the first born in Istanbul
May 1(?), 1460 - Edirne - Mehmed assembles an army to intervene in the Peloponnese, where a civil war was going on
June(?) 1(?), 1460 - Mistra | Gardiki, Peloponnese - Mehmed II marches straight into Mistra, where the despot Lord Demetrius was…Demetrius has no alternative but to surrender to the Sultan, who takes possession of Mistra and imprisons Demetrius. Mehmed then continues to conquer the rest of the Peloponnesos. When he captures the byzantine fortress of Gardiki,  The 6,000 people inside are massacred as a warning
August 15, 1461 - Trebizond - Mehmed takes possession of Trebizond
October 6, 1461 - Istanbul - Mehmed returns to Istanbul
April 26, 1462 - Istanbul - Mehmed departs for Wallachia with 150,000 men
June 4, 1462 - Nikopol, Bulgaria-Romania border - The Ottoman army crosses the Danube at Nikopol
June 17, 1462 - Between Nikopol and Târgoviste, Romania - Vlad Ţepeş attacks the turkish camp but fails to murder Mehmed II
June 20(?), 1462 - South of Tîrgoviste - According with historians, Mehmed is sickened by the sight of Vlad Tepes' "forest of the impaled" - 20,000 men, women and children on stakes, and moves away from Tîrgoviste
June 29, 1462 - Brăila, Romania - Mehmed reaches Brăila and burns it down
July 11, 1462 - Edirne - Mehmed returns to Edirne, after campaing in Wallachia
July 12, 1462 - Edirne - Turks call for a celebration for their "Great victory" over Vlad Ţepeş. In Wallachia they enslaved many of the local inhabitants, which they marched on their way south together with 200,000 cattle and horses.
August(?) 1(?), 1462 - Mitilene, Lesbos - Mehmed accompanies Mahmud Pasha to lay siege to Mitilene (which surrenders after 15 days)
March 26, 1463 - Istanbul - Mehmed orders the arrest of David Comneno, last byzantine emperor and governor of Trebizond
May 19, 1463 - Bobovac, NW of Sarajevo, Bosnia - The ottomans lay siege to Bobovac
May 21, 1463 - Bobovac - Bobovac is taken
November 1, 1463 - Istanbul - Mehmed has David Comneno executed
December(?) 1(?), 1463 - Istanbul - Mehmed spends the winter in Istanbul with gout
April(?) 1(?), 1464 - Lamia, Greece - Following behind his grand Vizier's army, Mehmed receives the news of ottoman success in Morea, in the south, so he decided to move his army north, to Bosnia
July 10, 1464 - Jajce, Bosnia - Mehmed lays siege to Jajce
August 24, 1464 - Jajce, Bosnia - Mehmed lifts siege and departs with his army to Sofia
October(?) 1(?), 1465 - Sofia, Bulgaria - Mehmed reaches Sofia
April(?) 1(?), 1465 - Istanbul - Mehmed moves in to the new Topkapi Palace
April 1(?), 1466 - Istanbul - Mehmed sets out for a second campaign in Albânia
April 30(?), 1466 - Albania - Mehmed enters in Albania
June 1(?), 1466 - Krujë, Albania - Mehmed lay siege to Krujë
June(?) 15(?), 1466 - Elbasan, Albania - Mehmed retires with his army to Elbasan, 50km south, to build a fortress
September(?) 25(?), 1466 - Northern Bulgaria, between Nikopolis and Vidin - Instead of returning to Edirne, Mehmed moves to the Mountains north of Bulgaria, where the region was free from the Plague
October 9, 1466 - Northern Bulgaria, between Nikopolis and Vidin - According with historians, Mehmed was still in the Mountains north of Bulgaria by this date
December 21(?), 1466 - Istanbul - Mehmed returns to Istanbul, now clear of the epidemic, to spend the Winter
April 23, 1467 - Krujë, Albania - The ottoman army lifts the siege to Krujë and withraws from Albania
December(?) 21(?), 1467 - Northern Bulgaria, between Nikopolis and Vidin - Again, Mehmed and the ottoman army move to northern Bulgaria to spend the winter and avoid the Plague
April(?) 1(?), 1468 - Istanbul - Mehmed and his army return to Istanbul
November 30(?), 1468 - Istanbul - Mehmed returns again after campaign
December 21(?), 1468 - Northern Bulgaria, between Nikopolis and Vidin - Mehmed quickly departs to northern Bulgaria to avoid the Plague once more
June 15, 1470 - Negroponte (Chalkis), Euripus Strait - The ottoman fleet of 300 to 400 sails arrives in Negroponte and starts landing troops
June 18, 1470 - Negroponte (Chalkis), Euripus Strait - Mehmed arrives with his army in Negroponte
June 25, 1470 - Negroponte (Chalkis), Euripus Strait - After his terms are not agreed, Mehmed orders the attack to the genoese fortress
July 12, 1470 - Negroponte (Chalkis), Euripus Strait - The Ottomans take Negroponte
September 4, 1470 - Istanbul - Mehmed and his army return to Istanbul
August 25, 1472 - Istanbul - Mehmed returns to Istanbul, despite the presence of the Plague
September 20, 1472 - Edirne - Mehmed declares the mobilization of Ottoman troops in Romelia
October 12, 1472 - Üsküdar - Mehmed, his pashas and his army arrive in Üsküdar, through the Bosphorus
April 13, 1473 - Istanbul - Mehmed leaves Istanbul, planning to invade Moldavia from land and sea
August 1, 1473 - Erzincan - The ottomans suffer a setback near the important fortress of Erzincan
August 8, 1473 - Otlukbeli, Erzincan - Mehmed II defeats Uzun Hasan at the Battle of Otlukbeli
January(?) 1(?), 1474 - Istanbul - Mehmed spends the year of 1474 in Topkapi Palace, after the campaign against Uzun Hasan
June 1(?), 1474 - Istanbul - Mustafa, Mehmed's favourite son, dies in Bor, near Nigde. Ressentment rises against Mahmud Pasha, whom Mehmed held responsible for his son's death
July 18, 1474 - Istanbul - Mahmud Pasha is executed by strangulation
September 1(?), 1474 - Sofia, Bulgaria - The Ottoman army starts gathering in Sofia
November(?) 1(?), 1474 - Vidin | Nikopol - The Ottoman army crosses the frozen Danube on foot and enter into Wallachia
November(?) 15(?), 1474 - Wallachia - After two weeks resting in Wallachia, Mehmed's army is joined by 17,000 wallachians under Basarab Laiota
December 1(?), 1474 - Moldavia - Mehmed enters in Moldavia
January 10, 1475 - near Vaslui - Battle of Vaslui - Decisive moldavian victory
May 1(?), 1475 - Istanbul - Plague appears in Istanbul again. Mehmed II, suffering from gout, has his court moved to the mountains
June 1(?), 1475 - Between Edirne and Kirklareli - Mehmed begins a period of 3 months in seclusion on a hill
September 25(?), 1475 - Plovdiv, Bulgaria - Mehmed moves further west to Plovdiv
October 1(?), 1475 - Sofia, Bulgaria - Mehmed moves to Sofia, where he spends the month of October
December 21(?), 1475 - Vize - Once more, Mehmed spends the Winter out of Istanbul to avoid the Plague
April(?) 1(?), 1476 - Edirne(?) - Mehmed leads an expedition against Count Stefan of Moldavia
July 26, 1476 - Războieni, Romania - Battle of Războieni - Ottoman victory
August 30(?), 1476 - Târgu Neamț - Stephen Báthory and Vlad Dracula break into Moldavia, forcing Mehmed II to lift the siege of the fortress at Târgu Neamț 
January(?) 1(?), 1477 - Istanbul - Mehmed stays in Topkapi Palace during 1477
July 2, 1478 - Shkoder, Albania - Mehmed arrives in Shkoder, from Krüje, and joins Mesih Pasha and Daud Pasha
July 30, 1478 - Shkoder - Mehmed is persuaded by his general council to halt the attacks. Mehmed agrees in August
September 1, 1478 - Drisht - The ottomans use their artillery and capture Drisht. 300 captives are taken to Shkoder and executed
September 1(?), 1479 - Istanbul - Gentile Bellini, a venetian painter, arrives in Istanbul as a cultural ambassador, but also to paint the portrait of Sultan Mehmed II
November 25, 1480 - Istanbul - Mehmed II has his portrait completed, by Gentile Bellini
December(?) 1(?), 1480 - Istanbul - Mehmed spends the winter in Istanbul. Rumours spread in Istanbul about his poor health
April 25, 1481 - Üsküdar - Mehmed crosses the Bosphorus and starts assembling an army in Üsküdar

Prince Jem and Sultan Mehmed II. Unknown italian painter.
Title portrait on top by Gentile Bellini, 1480

May 1, 1481 - Gebze - The army advances to Gebze, taking more troops on the way, camping on the site of Hannibal's suicide and Emperor Constantine's death. Mehmed complains about severe abdominal pains - his persian and jewish doctors are brought and give him opium for the pain
May 3, 1481 - Gebze - Mehmed II dies of intestinal blockade, aged 49 =(END)