John Calvin | Timeline

John Calvin (French: Jean Calvin; born Jehan Cauvin; 10 July 1509 – 27 May 1564) was a French theologian, pastor and reformer in Geneva during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism, aspects of which include the doctrines of predestination and of the absolute sovereignty of God in salvation of the human soul from death and eternal damnation, in which doctrines Calvin was influenced by and elaborated upon the Augustinian and other Christian traditions. Various Congregational, Reformed and Presbyterian churches, which look to Calvin as the chief expositor of their beliefs, have spread throughout the world. (Intro from Wikipedia)

July 10, 1509 - Noyon, SW Saint-Quentin, Picardy, France - Jehan Cauvin is born

January(?) 1(?), 1529 - Bourges - Enters the University of Bourges =(START)

January 1, 1532 - Bourges - Calvin receives his licentiate in law and publishes his first book, a commentary on Seneca's "De Clementia"

October 1(?), 1533 - Paris - Calvin moves to Paris and breaks from the Roman Catholic Church

November 1, 1533 - Paris - Calvin addresses the Collège Royal on the need for reform and renewal in the Roman Catholic Church

November 2, 1533 - Paris - Calvin, considered offensive, leaves Paris to hide

November(?) 17(?), 1533 - Angoulême (NE Bordeaux) - Calvin takes refuge in Angoulême
March(?) 1(?), 1534 - Noyon, SW St-Quentin - Calvin switches his place of refuge
August(?) 1(?), 1534 - Orléans - Calvin switches his place of refuge for the second time
October 17, 1534 - Orléans - Calvin is forced to flee France during the "Affair des Placards", an incident where anti-catholic posters appear in Paris and other cities
January(?) 1(?), 1535 - Basel, Switzerland - In Basel, Switzerland, Calvin joins Nicolas Cop, a swiss reformist and rector of the University of Paris in 1533
March 1(?), 1536 - Basel - Publishes the first edition of "Institutio Christianae Religionis"
March(?) 15(?), 1536 - Ferrara, Italy - Serves for some time as secretary for Princess Renée of France
June 1(?), 1536 - Paris - In Paris with his brother. Upon learning of the Edict of Coucy, Calvin decides to leave France
August(?) 1, 1536 - Geneva, Switzerland - Calvin departs for Strasbourg, but due to military maneuvers, he turns to the south
January(?) 1(?), 1537 - Geneva - Calvin, a man of law, begins to serve as "pastor"
January 16, 1537 - Geneva - Calvin and another french reformer, Guillaume Farel present a reorganization of the Church to the city council, which is accepted
November 26, 1537 - Geneva - Calvin and Farel debate again with the Council over the reorganization of the Church. Being french, the two ministers begin to be questioned about their loyalty, as France was seeking an alliance with Geneva
February 3, 1538 - Geneva - Elections for the Council: A coalition of Liberals, "Patriotes" and secret catholics captures the majority
April 23, 1538 - Geneva - Calvin and Farel are deposed by the Council and ordered to leave Geneva in 3 days
September 1(?), 1538 - Strassburg (Strasbourg, France) - Calvin accepts to lead a Church of french refugees in Strassburg by the city's leading reformers
March 1(?), 1540 - Strassburg - His "Commentary on Romans" is published
August 1, 1540 - Strassburg - Calvin marries the widow Idelette Stordeur de Bure
September 21, 1540 - Worms - The Council of Basel contacts Calvin during a conference to settle religious disputes in Worms
June(?) 25(?), 1541 - Strassburg (Strasbourg, France) - Strassburg "lends" Calvin to Geneva for 6 months
September 13, 1541 - Geneva, Switzerland - Calvin arrives in Geneva, with an escort and a wagon for his family
July 28, 1542 - Geneva - Idelette gives birth to a son
March 29, 1549 - Geneva - His wife Idelette dies

February 6, 1564 - Geneva - John Calvin's last sermon

May 27, 1564 - Geneva - John Calvin dies, aged 54 =(END)

Martin Luther | Timeline

Martin Luther (10 November 1483 – 18 February 1546), was a German professor of theology, composer, priest, monk and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation. (Intro from Wikipedia)

November 10, 1483 - Eisleben - Martin Luther is born

January(?) 1(?), 1484 - Mansfeld - Luther family moves to Mansfeld, where Martin's father was a leaseholder of copper mines and smelters and served as one of four citizen representatives on the local council

January(?) 1(?), 1497 - Magdeburg - Hans Luther sends his son to the Latin School in Magdeburg

January(?) 1(?), 1498 - Eisenach - Hans Luther sends his son to study in Eisenach

January(?) 1(?), 1501 - Erfurt - At the age of 19, Martin Luther enters the University of Erfurt (which he later described as a beerhouse and whorehouse)

January(?) 1(?), 1505 - Erfurt - Martin Luther receives his master's degree

July 2, 1505 - Erfurt - Returning to university on horseback after a trip home, during a thunderstorm, a lightning bolt strikes near him. He was terrified of death and divine judgment, and cried out, "Help! Saint Anna, I will become a monk!". He came to view his cry for help as a vow he could never break =(START)

July 17, 1505 - Erfurt - Luther sells his books, leaves law school and enters St.Augustine's Monastery

April 3, 1507 - Erfurt - Luther is ordained priest by Jerome Scultetus, Bishop of Brandenburg, in Erfurt Cathedral

January(?) 1(?), 1508 - Erfurt - Von Staupitz, first dean of the newly founded University of Wittenberg, sends for Luther, to teach theology

March 9, 1508 - Erfurt - Luther receives a bachelor's degree in Biblical studies

January(?) 1(?), 1509 - Luther receives a bachelor's degree in the "sentences" by Peter Lombard (XII century)

October 19, 1512 - Wittenberg - Luther is awarded his Doctor of Theology

October 21, 1512 - Wittenberg - Luther is received into the senate of the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg, having succeeded Staupitz as chair of theology

October 31, 1517 - Wittenberg - Luther writes to his bishop, Albert of Mainz, protesting the sale of indulgences
October 5, 1518 - Nuremberg - Luther, accompanied by two of Elector Frederick's advisors, come through Nuremberg on their way to the Diet at Augsburg. He meets with Albrecht Dürer's neighbor, Lazarus Spengler, the secretary to the Nuremberg Council

October 12, 1518 - Augsburg - Over a three-day period, Luther defends himself under questioning by papal legate Cardinal Cajetan

January 1(?), 1519 - Altenburg - The Papal Nuncio Karl von Miltitz adopts a more conciliatory approach. Luther makes certain concessions to the Saxon, who was a relative of the Elector, and promised to remain silent if his opponents did.

July 1(?), 1519 - Leipzig - Luther is invited to speak in a public debate. Johann Eck tries to expose his doctrine

June 15, 1520 - Wittenberg(?) - The Pope warns Luther with the papal bull (edict) "Exsurge Domine" that he risks excommunication unless he recants 41 sentences drawn from his writings, including the Ninety-five Theses, within 60 days

October 1(?), 1520 - Wittenberg(?) - Luther sends the Pope a copy of "On the Freedom of a Christian"
November 12, 1520 - (While at Wittenberg)(?) - News of a papal bull ordering the burning of Luther's books arrive in Cologne

December 10, 1520 - Wittenberg - Luther publicly burns the papal bull (edict) and decretals

January 3, 1521 - Wittenberg - Luther is excommunicated by Pope Leo X, in the bull "Decet Romanum Pontificem".

April 18, 1521 - Worms - Luther appears as ordered before the Diet of Worms

May 1, 1521 - Wartburg Castle, Eisenach - Luther is taken to the Castle of Wartberg by Frederick III to save his life

August 1, 1521 - Wartburg Castle, Eisenach - Letter to Philip Melanchthon (German lutheran reformer)

December 1(?), 1521 - Wittenberg - Luther visits Wittenberg, in disguise

March 1, 1522 - Wartburg Castle, Eisenach - End of Luther's stay at Wartburg Castle, after translating the "New Testament"

March 6, 1522 - Wittenberg - Luther secretly returns to Wittenberg

March 9, 1522 - Wittenberg - Luther restarts preaching his sermons - Eight sermons in eight days, which became known as the "Invocavit sermons"

April 1(?), 1523 - Nimbschen Convent, Grimma, SE Leipzig - Luther helps twelve nuns escape from a Cistercian convent at Nimbschen, including Katharina von Bora, his future wife, when he arranges for them to be smuggled out in herring barrels

June 13, 1525 - Wittenberg - Luther marries Katharina von Bora

January 1, 1526 - Wittenberg - Luther starts reorganizing the practises of the Church in depth

October 1, 1529 - Marburg - Beginning of the Marburg Colloquy, convoked by Philipp I, Landgrave of Hessen

October 4, 1529 - Marburg - End of the Marburg Colloquy

January(?) 1(?), 1536 - Wittenberg - Luther begins suffering from kidney and bladder stones, and arthritis

December 1(?), 1544 - Wittenberg - Luther begins feeling the effects of angina

February 15, 1546 - Eisleben, W. of Halle - Luther's last sermon

February 18, 1546 - Eisleben - Martin Luther dies, aged 62 =(END)