Sunday 20 October 2019

Bertrand du Guesclin | Timeline

Bertrand du Guesclin (c. 1320 – 13 July 1380), nicknamed "The Eagle of Brittany" or "The Black Dog of Brocéliande", was a Breton knight and an important military commander on the French side during the Hundred Years' War. From 1370 to his death, he was Constable of France for King Charles V. Well known for his Fabian strategy, he took part in six pitched battles and won the four in which he held command. (Intro from Wikipedia)

January(?) 1(?), 1320 - Motte-Broon, Brittany - Bertrand du Guesclin is born. Apparently an ugly child and repulsive to his parents, who allegedly neglected him
June 4, 1337 - Rennes - Attends a tournament where he is forbidden to participate
June 15(?), 1337 - Rennes - 17-year-old Du Guesclin is noted in a tournament in honor of Charles de Blois and his wife Jeanne de Penthièvre
May(?) 15(?), 1341 - Angers(?) - 21-years-old when the Breton Civil War stars =(START)
September 1(?), 1341 - Angers - Charles de Blois encamps his army at Angers
October 10, 1341 - Nantes - Charles de Blois lays siege to the castle of Nantes
October 14, 1341 - Champtoceaux, Brittany - Battle of Champtoceaux (until October 16th) - Charles de Blois victory
October 26, 1341 - Champtoceaux - Fall of Champtoceaux
May 1(?), 1342 - Hennebont, Brittany - Charles de Blois lays siege to Hennebont
June 1(?), 1342 - Hennebont - Charles de Blois is forced to lift the siege when an english force approaches
December 5, 1342 - Vannes - The english lay siege to Vannes
January 19, 1343 - Vannes - Vannes surrenders to Charles de Blois
March 1(?), 1344 - Quimper - Charles de Blois lays siege to Quimper
May 1, 1344 - Quimper - Final assault to Quimper. The city falls. Up to 1,400 civilians are massacred
June 17, 1345 - Cadoret, Les Forges, Brittany - Charles de Blois is defeated by Sir Thomas Dagworth, a lieutenant of the Earl of Northampton
July 1(?), 1345 - Quimper - Charles de Blois relieves Quimper (which was besieged by John de Montfort)
June 9, 1346 - Saint-Pol-de-Léon - Charles de Blois attacks Dagworth's army but he is defeated by the english longbowmen
June 30, 1347 - La Roche-Derrien - Battle of La Roche-Derrien - Anglo-breton victory - Charles de Blois is captured
March 26, 1351 - Guillac, Brittany - "Combat of the Thirty" - Franco-breton victory for Jean de Beaumanoir at Guillac, Brittany
August 14, 1352 - Mauron, Brittany - Battle of Mauron - Anglo-breton victory - Guy II de Nesle, the french leader, is killed
April 10, 1354 - Montmuran (Les Iffs), Brittany - Battle of Montmuran - Blois Party Victory. Bertrand du Guesclin is knighted
November 1(?), 1354 - Edward III of England gives Du Guesclin a safe-conduct as one of several hostages for the good faith of Charles de Blois, Duke of Brittany, whom the king was releasing on parole to seek his ransom
October 1(?), 1356 - Rennes - Henry of Grosmont, Duke of Lancaster, and John de Montfort lay siege to Rennes
February 1(?), 1357 - Rennes - The english begin digging below the walls of Rennes
February 20(?), 1357 - Dinan - The Duke of Lancaster lays siege to Dinan at the same time. During a truce in which his brother Olivier is captured, Du Guesclin faces Thomas of Canterbury in single combat and wins
March 23, 1357 - Dinan - A truce is signed and the Duke of Lancaster lifts the siege of Dinan. Bertrand du Guesclin meets Tiphaine Raguenel
July 5, 1357 - Rennes - The Duke of Lancaster lifts the siege for a price of 100,000 écus. Due to his leadership during the defence of Rennes, Du Guesclin obtains a pension from the Dauphin Charles
December 1(?), 1357 - Orléans - The Dauphin gives Du Guesclin his first royal commission as captain of Pontorson (Manche)
June 1(?), 1359 - Melun (Seine-et-Marne) - Participates in the siege of Melun
June 14, 1361 - Compiègne (Oise) - Jean II grants Du Guesclin 6,000 "royaux" for the payment of his ransom to Hugh de Calveley
December 24, 1361 - Paris - Letter sent from Paris
January 21, 1362 - Pontorson - Letter sent from Pontorson
February 1(?), 1362 - Saint-Martin-de-Séez - Lays siege to Saint-Martin-de-Séez
July 1(?), 1362 - Cormeilles - Letter sent from Cormeilles
January(?) 1(?), 1363 - Carhaix - Du Guesclin takes Carhaix after a siege of 6 weeks
February(?) 15(?), 1363 - Bécherel, Brittany - Charles of Blois and Bertrand du Guesclin lay siege to Bécherel
March 1(?), 1363 - St-Pol-de-Léon - Letter sent from St-Pol-de-Léon
May 1, 1363 - Pontorson - A month at Pontorson. Letter sent from the town
June 13, 1363 - Caen - Letter sent from Caen
July 10, 1363 - Rouen - Letter sent from Rouen
December 9, 1363 - Guingamp - Present with Charles de Blois, Duke of Brittany, when he receives Guichard d'Angle and Sir Richard de Totesham, envoys of the Black Prince. Letter to Sir William Felton.
April 7, 1364 - Mantes - Du Guesclin takes Mantes (until April 8th)
April 9, 1364 - Rolleboise (Seine-Maritime) - Du Guesclin lays amphibious siege to Rolleboise
April 11, 1364 - Meulan - Du Guesclin takes Meulan
April 17, 1364 - Le Goulet - Du Guesclin takes Le Goulet
April 25, 1364 - Mantes - Letter sent from Mantes
May 16, 1364 - near of Houlbec-Cocherel, Normandy - Battle of Cocherel - Decisive french victory against the navarrese
May 17(?), 1364 - Rouen - Arrives at Rouen after the battle of Cocherel
May 27, 1364 - St-Denis - Bertrand du Guesclin receives the County of Longueville from King Charles V
May 31, 1364 - Paris - At Paris (probably with King Charles V)
June 21, 1364 - Caen - En route to besiege Valognes
July 10, 1364 - Valognes - Siege of Valognes (until July 11th)
July 24, 1364 - St-Lô - Letter to the Vicomte of Avranches
September 27, 1364 - Brandivy, Brittany - Du Guesclin reaches Brandivy with the vanguard of the french army on his way to besieged Auray
Battle of Auray, 1364
September 29, 1364 - Auray, Brittany - Battle of Auray - Anglo-breton victory. Charles de Blois is killed and Du Guesclin is captured by Sir John Chandos
January 21, 1365 - Niort - Reaches Niort
April 12, 1365 - (While in Niort?) - First Treaty of Guérande - establishes John of Monfort as Duke of Brittany
August 19, 1365 - Carentan - Letter from Carentan
October(?) 1(?), 1365 - Chalon-sur-Saône - Du Guesclin departs to Castile with an army to help Henry of Trastámara against Peter II the Cruel
November 12, 1365 - Avignon - Du Guesclin's army camps on the right bank of the Rhone where they are joined by the troops of Henry of Trastámara. Marshal d'Audrehem, aide-de-camp of Bertrand du Guesclin, obtains an audience with Pope Urbain V. He asks the Pope for the absolution of the sins that they were to commit in Castile in the service of Henry of Trastámara and for 200,000 francs.
November 29, 1365 - Montpellier - Du Guesclin arrives at Montpellier
December 3, 1365 - Perpignan - Du Guesclin arrives to the rendezvous point at Perpignan
December 25, 1365 - Barcelona - Spends Christmas in Barcelona as guest of Peter IV
January 1, 1366 - Barcelona - Banquet in Barcelona, organized by the King of Aragon
January 9, 1366 - Barcelona - Du Guesclin is invested by the King of Aragon as Count of Borja and Magallón
March 8, 1366 - Tudela - Present at Tudela
March 12, 1366 - Calahorra - Capture of Calahorra. Du Guesclin urges Henry of Trastámara to accept the crown of Castile
March 16, 1366 - Magallón, NW of Zaragoza - Captures the fortress of Magallón
March 23, 1366 - Burgos - Du Guesclin reaches Burgos
April 5, 1366 - Burgos - Count Henry of Trastámara proclaims Bertrand his successor as Count of Trastámara and has him crowned as King of Granada
April 9, 1366 - Briviesca (between Burgos and Miranda de Ebro) - Henry of Trastámara and Du Guesclin capture the fortress of Briviesca. 200 jewish families are massacred
May 5, 1366 - Toledo - Signs a letter from Toledo
June 3, 1366 - Seville - Signs a letter from Seville
February 1(?), 1367 - Lérida - Du Guesclin is received by the King of Aragon
Battle of Nájera, 1367
April 3, 1367 - Nájera, La Rioja - Battle of Nájera (or Navarrete/La Rioja) on the "Way of Santiago". Anglo-Gascon Victory. Du Guesclin is captured again
April 5, 1367 - Briviesca (between Burgos and Miranda de Ebro) - The english army (with Du Guesclin in captivity) halts for a couple of days during the march to Burgos
May 2, 1367 - Burgos - The Black Prince is promised payment before the Altar of Burgos Cathedral
May 10(?), 1367 - Valladolid - The english army camps near Valladolid, waiting for payment
June 24, 1367 - Valladolid - The Prince stays in Valladolid until the Feast of St. John
August(?) 15(?), 1367 - Valladolid - While waiting for payment, during the hottest months of the summer, the Black Prince and his army start suffering from dysentery
September(?) 1(?), 1367 - Roncesvalles - After negotiating a safe passage with Charles of Navarre, the Black Prince crosses to France
September 10(?), 1367 - Bordeaux - The Black Prince and John of Gaunt return to Bordeaux with Bertrand du Guesclin in captivity
December 27, 1367 - (While captive at Bayonne) - A ransom agreement between the Black Prince and his captive from Nájera, Bertrand du Guesclin, is finalized
January 17, 1368 - Bayonne - The Black Prince releases du Guesclin from captivity
February 7, 1368 - Montpellier - Bertrand du Guesclin reaches Montpellier
February 26, 1368 - Montpellier - Du Guesclin leaves Montpellier with 2,000 men
March 4, 1368 - Tarascon, SW of Avignon - Du Guesclin lays siege to Tarascon
March 22, 1368 - Tarascon - Capitulation of Tarascon
April 11, 1368 - Arles - The Duke of Anjou and Du Guesclin lay siege to Arles
May 1, 1368 - Arles - End of the siege of Arles
September 1, 1368 - (While in Arles?) - Bertrand du Guesclin is excommunicated by Pope Urban V
October 7, 1368 - Saint-Felix-de-Sauve (?de Sorgues) (Aveyron) - At Saint-Felix-de-Sauve with 8,000 men-at-arms
November 20, 1368 - Toledo - Present at Toledo during the signing of an alliance against England
February 4, 1369 - Borja - Signs a letter from Borja
March 10, 1369 - Orgaz - 
March 14, 1369 - Montiel, La Mancha, Castile - Battle of Montiel - Decisive Franco-Castilian victory - Peter of Castile is made prisoner. Du Guesclin remains in the region during the rest of March
March 23, 1369 - Montiel - Henry of Trastámara kills his own brother Peter of Castile in Du Guesclin's tent
May 4, 1369 - Seville - New King Henry donates the Duchy of Molina to Bertrand du Guesclin
June 26, 1369 - Soria, Castile - Confirmation of Du Guesclin's new privileges as Duke of Molina
July 1(?), 1369 - Zamora | Galicia - Zamora, Galicia and northern Portugal until August
August 1(?), 1369 - Braga, Portugal - Henry of Trastámara and Du Guesclin invade northern Portugal and lay siege to Braga. The city is taken and after 6 days, burned
September 1, 1369 - Guimarães, Portugal - Henry of Trastámara and Du Guesclin lay siege to Guimarães
September 22(?), 1369 - Guimarães - Guimarães resists for 3 weeks when news arrive of the destruction of Algeciras and that King Ferdinand of Portugal was assembling an army to help the city. Henry of Trastámara and Du Guesclin lift the siege and return to Castile
September 28(?), 1369 - Bragança, Portugal - Henry of Trastamara and Du Guesclin return to Castile, taking Vinhais, Bragança, Cedovim and Outeiro de Miranda on their way
November 18, 1369 - Toro - Issues letters from Toro in Northern Spain
April 1, 1370 - Soria, Castile - Leaves Soria for Busmediano
July 2, 1370 - Ebro River - Crosses the Ebro river en route for France
July 17(?), 1370 - Toulouse - Du Guesclin reaches Toulouse
July 23, 1370 - Moissac - Du Guesclin captures Moissac
August 7, 1370 - Poitiers - Du Guesclin seizes Poitiers. A "Te Deum" is sung by Aimeric de Monts at the city's Cathedral
August 8, 1370 - Sarlat - Du Guesclin enters Sarlat
August 25(?), 1370 - Périgueux - Du Guesclin and Louis of Anjou go separate ways
September 14, 1370 - Toulouse - Collects his pay and departs to the north
Du Guesclin is appointed Constable
of France, by King Charles V
October 2, 1370 - Paris - Charles V appoints Bertrand du Guesclin Constable of France
October 24, 1370 - Pontorson - Du Guesclin seals a "pact of brotherhood-in-arms" with Olivier de Clisson
November 6, 1370 - Caen - Du Guesclin and Marshal Mouton de Blainville arrive at Caen to raise 2,000 men
December 1, 1370 - Caen - Du Guesclin and his army leave Caen and head south
December 3, 1370 - Le Mans - The french army reaches Le Mans, making over 160km in two days
December 4, 1370 - Pontvallain, Pays-de-la-Loire - Battle of Pontvallain - French Victory
December 5, 1370 - Abbey of Vaas - Du Guesclin defeats the english entrenched in the Abbey of Vaas, taking many prisoners
December 6, 1370 - Saumur - Letters granting permission to the Abbot and convent of Vaas to rebuild and fortify a tower
December 8, 1370 - Bressuire - After crossing the Loire, Du Guesclin captures a large group of english soldiers at Bressuire and on his orders no prisoners were taken. It was said that 500 English had their throats cut
December 30, 1370 - Paris - Du Guesclin leaves his troops with Olivier de Clisson and reaches Paris
February 4, 1371 - Conches-en-Ouche, near Évreux - Conches-en-Ouche surrenders after a short siege
February 25(?), 1371 - Ussel (Corrèze) - Unsuccessful siege of Ussel (Corrèze)
March 25, 1371 - Vernon - Leaves Vernon for Évreux with hostages promised as pledges to Charles II of Navarre
March 29, 1371 - Vernon - Évreux - Vernon - Accompanies Charles II back to Vernon
May 1, 1371 - Pontorson - Present with his squire Jehan and another 27 knights at Pontorson
June 1, 1371 - Bourges - Present with his squire Jehan and another 27 knights at Bourges
July 1, 1371 - Conches - In the Summer, Du Guesclin lays siege to the Navarrese stronghold of Conches (Eure)
August 1, 1371 - Caen - Present with his squire Jehan and another 27 knights at Caen
August 10(?), 1371 - Bécherel, Brittany - Joins Olivier de Clisson, who was besieging Bécherel since April
September 5, 1371 - Saumur - Du Guesclin reaches the besieged city of Saumur
October 1, 1371 - Caen - Returns to Caen
November 14, 1371 - (While at Caen) - Limoges submits to the King of France
January 31, 1372 - Conches - At the walled town in front of conches
April 26, 1372 - Limoges - Du Guesclin formally takes possession of Limoges
May 23, 1372 - Angles-sur l'Anglin, near Poitiers - Du Guesclin takes the château Guichard
June 14, 1372 - Loches - Receives letters from the Duke of Berry
June 22, 1372 - La Rochelle - Siege of La Rochelle
July 1(?), 1372 - Moncontour - Siege of Moncontour - Du Guesclin takes the town
July 9, 1372 - Loudun - With Clisson at Loudun, offering a truce to the inhabitants of Poitou
July 10, 1372 - Chinon - Donates the castle of Mortemart in Limousin to Alain Saisy, one of his squires. Letter to Olivier Darien, one of his men-at-arms
July 31, 1372 - Saint-Sévère - Saint-Sévère captured by French Assault and Bertrand Du Guesclin hangs its French garrison
August 7, 1372 - Poitiers - Coup by Pro French party opens gates of Poitiers to Bertrand du Guesclin and Jean de Berry
August 23, 1372 - La Rochelle - Repossession of La Rochelle
September 15, 1372 - Benon - Takes Benon
September 18, 1372 - Surgères - Takes Surgères
October 9, 1372 - Fontenay-le-Comte - Du Guesclin takes Fontenay-le-Comte (until October 12th)
October 28, 1372 - Angers - On his way to Rennes
November 7, 1372 - Rennes - Reaches Rennes
November 30, 1372 - Thouars - Returns to Poitou in order to receive the surrender of Thouars under terms arranged the previous September
December 1, 1372 - Loudun - Departs to Paris
December 3, 1372 - Chinon - On his way to Paris
December 11, 1372 - Paris - Triumphant entry into Paris with Berry and Burgundy, celebrating their victories in Poitou
February 1, 1373 - Montreuil - Du Guesclin takes Montreuil
Bertrand du Guesclin
(artists impression)
March 21, 1373 - Chizé (Deux-Sèvres) - Battle of Chizé - Decisive french victory. The french defeat an english relief force and capture the castle of Chizé. Bertrand Du Guesclin massacres prisoners not worth ransoming
March 27, 1373 - Niort - Du Guesclin takes Niort
May 9, 1373 - Dinan - Reaches Dinan
May 13, 1373 - (While at Dinan?) - Charles V donates the Lordship of Fontenay to Bertrand du Guesclin
May 19, 1373 - Rennes - Bertrand du Guesclin captures Rennes
June 1, 1373 - Brest - Reaches Brest
July 6, 1373 - Brest - Terms for the english surrender of Brest are agreed
July 20(?), 1373 - Mont Orgueil Castle, Jersey Island - Du Guesclin launches a raid on the Channel Islands and takes Mont Orgueil Castle
August 4, 1373 - Brest - Returns to Brest to receive the surrender of the city, however, the english renegate the terms agreed in early July. Summoned back to Paris, he is unable to lay siege again
August 14, 1373 - La Roche Derrien - Du Guesclin takes La Roche Derrien
September 1, 1373 - St-Cloud - On his way to meet Duke Louis of Bourbon at Troyes
September 5(?), 1373 - Troyes - Campaigning alongside Duke Louis of Bourbon
September 10, 1373 - Paris - Strategic meeting in Paris with the King
September 11, 1373 - Paris - Du Guesclin leaves Paris
September 19, 1373 - Brittany - Returns to Brittany to continue his siege of english-held Brest
September 29, 1373 - Rennes - Back in Rennes
October 22, 1373 - Moulins - John of Gaunt is forced to face Du Guesclin in combat
October 24, 1373 - Brive-la-Gaillarde - Letter from the Duke of Burgundy in Saint-Pourçain
January 21, 1374 - Montmuran, les Iffs - Marriage to Jeanne de Laval at the Castle of Montmuran. Du Guesclin remains in Brittany until April
April 25, 1374 - Toulouse - Joins Louis, Duke of Anjou at Toulouse
May 1, 1374 - Carcassonne - Reaches Carcassone with the Duke of Anjou
May 19, 1374 - Narbonne - Reaches Narbonne
June(?) 1(?), 1374 - Montpellier - Campaigning with the Duke of Anjou
June 2, 1374 - Carcassonne - Returns to Carcassonne
July 1(?), 1374 - Toulouse - Returns to Toulouse
August 1(?), 1374 - Agenais | Périgord | Bordelais - Du Guesclin and Anjou begin attacking english strongholds along the anglo-french frontier of Guyenne
August 21, 1374 - La Réole - La Réole surrenders to Du Guesclin after siege
February 10, 1375 - Montreuil-Bonnin - Du Guesclin takes Montreuil-Bonnin
February 17, 1375 - Gençay - Du Guesclin takes Gençay
June 1, 1375 - Cognac - Cognac surrenders to the Duke of Berry and Du Guesclin
December 16, 1376 - ? - Charles V donates the castellany of Thuit and the Forest of Cinglais to Bertrand du Guesclin
August 17, 1377 - Bourdeilles - After a siege, the Duke of Anjou's army led by Du Guesclin takes the castle of Bourdeilles
August 22, 1377 - Bergerac - Du Guesclin lays siege to Bergerac
September 1, 1377 - Eymet, Aquitaine - Battle of Eymet - Du Guesclin acquires a huge siege ram at La Réole to demolish the walls of Eymet, called "La truye". According to the historian Frossart, it was pushed by more than 100 men
September 2, 1377 - Bergerac - Siege of Bergerac
September 12, 1377 - Castillon-sur-Dordogne - Camps near Castillon-sur-Dordogne
September 29, 1377 - Castillon-sur-Dordogne - Castillon-sur-Dordogne is taken
October 8, 1377 - Saint-Macaire | Langon - The citadel of Saint-Macaire falls, aswell as Langon
October 27, 1377 - Duras - Duras is taken
November 20, 1377 - Paris - Arrives at Paris
December 1, 1377 - (While in Paris?) - Du Guesclin cedes Montreuil and Fontenay to Count-Duke Jean for the sum of 25,000 gold francs
March 16, 1378 - Bayeux - Arrives at the Abbey of Mondaye
March 29, 1378 - Rouen - On his way home to Maisy
April 8, 1378 - Caen - On his way home to Maisy
April 11, 1378 - Maisy - At his property in Maisy
April 12, 1378 - Breteuil-sur-Iton - Du Guesclin lays siege to Breteuil-sur-Iton
April 19, 1378 - Bernay - Du Guesclin receives the surrender of Bernay
April 25, 1378 - Carentan - Du Guesclin receives the surrender of Carentan
April 26, 1378 - Valognes - Du Guesclin receives the surrender of Valognes
April 28, 1378 - Carentan - Moving south towards Avranches
April 29, 1378 - Avranches - Du Guesclin receives the surrender of Avranches
May 6, 1378 - Beaumont-le-Roger - Du Guesclin receives the surrender of Beaumont-le-Roger
May 12, 1378 - Gavray | Mortain - Du Guesclin lays siege to Gavray and Mortain
May 24, 1378 - Gavray - Gavray is taken
June 1(?), 1378 - Cherbourg - Du Guesclin lays siege to Cherbourg
June 13, 1378 - Pont-Audemer - Du Guesclin receives the surrender of Pont-Audemer
July 10, 1378 - Mortaing - Siege of Mortaing
August 26, 1378 - St-Malo - Du Guesclin lays siege to St-Malo (until September 16th)
September 10, 1378 - Caen - Arrives at Caen
December 1(?), 1378 - Cherbourg - Du Guesclin raises the siege to Cherbourg
December 18, 1378 - Paris(?) - The King of France decides to annex Brittany, ending the "Du Guesclin system"
March 11, 1379 - Pontorson - Reaches Pontorson
October 25, 1379 - Pontorson - Returns to Pontorson
December 21(?), 1379 - Brittany | Normandy - Du Guesclin arrives in Brittany to garrison strongholds in the north-east of the region and nearby Normandy, like Dinan, Léhon, La Roche-Guyon, St-Malo, St-Aubin-du-Cormier, La Guerche and Pontorson
March 30, 1380 - Bayeux - Passing through Bayeux
April 20, 1380 - Pontorson - Du Guesclin departs to Paris
May 1, 1380 - Paris - Du Guesclin reaches Paris
May 8, 1380 - Paris - Du Guesclin leaves Paris
June 1, 1380 - La Ferté Nebert (Loiret) - Du Guesclin arrives at La Ferté Nebert (Loiret). His army begins assembling
June 10, 1380 - Clermont-Ferrand - The french army reaches Clermont-Ferrand
June 19, 1380 - Chaliers (Cantal) - Du Guesclin lays siege to Chaliers (Cantal)
June 27, 1380 - Chaliers (Cantal) - The castle of Chaliers surrenders
June 28, 1380 - Châteauneuf-de-Randon - Du Guesclin lays siege to Châteauneuf-de-Randon (Lozère)
July 9, 1380 - Châteauneuf-de-Randon - Signs his last will and Testament. Terms for the surrender of the town are agreed
July 13, 1380 - Châteauneuf-de-Randon - Bertrand du Guesclin dies, aged 60 =(END)

Bibliography

FLAVEL JAMISON, David - "The Life and Times of Bertrand Du Guesclin: A History of the Fourteenth Century", 1864

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