Sir Henry Morgan (Welsh: Harri Morgan, c. 1635 – 25 August 1688) was a Welsh privateer, landowner and, later, Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica. From his base in Port Royal, Jamaica, he raided settlements and shipping on the Spanish Main, becoming wealthy as he did so. With the prize money from the raids he purchased three large sugar plantations on the island. (Intro from Wikipedia)
January(?) 1(?), 1635 - Llanrhymny, Glamorgan, Wales - Henry Morgan is born
November(?) 1(?), 1654 - Llanrhymny - "His father was a farmer of pretty good Repute, and designed his Son for the same Way of Life; but his inclinations were turned on another way; and finding his Father positive in his resolution, bid him adieu and rambled to Bristol"
December(?) 1(?), 1654 - Bristol - Arrives in Bristol, "where he bound himself a servant for four years"
November(?) 1(?), 1654 - Llanrhymny - "His father was a farmer of pretty good Repute, and designed his Son for the same Way of Life; but his inclinations were turned on another way; and finding his Father positive in his resolution, bid him adieu and rambled to Bristol"
December(?) 1(?), 1654 - Bristol - Arrives in Bristol, "where he bound himself a servant for four years"
December 25, 1654 - Spithead, England - 19-year old Morgan joins the expeditionary force under the command of Admiral William Penn and General Venables, with the objective of taking the islands of Hispaniola and Cuba from the Spanish =(START)
January 7(?), 1655 - Off Azores Islands, Portugal - The fleet sails off the Azores
January 7(?), 1655 - Off Azores Islands, Portugal - The fleet sails off the Azores
January 29, 1655 - Barbados - The fleet of 38 ships arrives in Barbados. Venables recruits 3,500 men there
March(?) 1(?), 1655 - Antigua - The fleet stops at Antigua
March(?) 10(?), 1655 - St.Kitts & Nevis - The fleet stops at St.Kitts & Nevis. Venables recruits another 1,200 men
April 13, 1655 - Off Santo Domingo, Hispaniola - The fleet comes in sight of Santo Domingo
April 14, 1655 - Nizao, 25 miles W of Santo Domingo - Penn and Venables land 8,000 men to capture the island, starting by Santo Domingo
April 17, 1655 - W of Santo Domingo - First defeat against the spaniards
April 25, 1655 - W of Santo Domingo - Second defeat against the spaniards. With 2,000 men dead because of disease and the failed attempt, the english force withraws
May 3, 1655 - Nizao - The english troops re-embark
May 9, 1655 - Point Morant, Jamaica - The english fleet of 30 ships is sighted as it rounds Point Morant
May 10, 1655 - Jamaica - The force reaches Jamaica. 7,000 men land
May 11, 1655 - Cagway Bay, Jamaica | Spanish Town (Santiago de la Vega) - At dawn the english penetrate the shallows of Caguaya Bay in smaller craft. 7,000 men disembark and take Spanish Town (Santiago de la Vega)
May 15, 1655 - Spanish Town (Santiago de la Vega) - Venables, despite being sick, comes ashore to dictate terms
May 17, 1655 - Spanish Town (Santiago de la Vega) - Governor Juan Ramírez de Arellano signs the arrangement with the english so that all spanish leave the island
June 25, 1655 - Cagway, Jamaica - Admiral Penn, increasingly ill, and Venables, sail to England with most of the expedition. In one year, only 2,500 of the returning 7,000 would survive sickness
August 31, 1655 - (While in Cagway, Jamaica)(?) - Admiral Penn arrives in Spithead
September 3, 1655 - (While in Cagway, Jamaica)(?) - Penn's fleet is ordered into the River Thames
September 12, 1655 - (While in Cagway, Jamaica)(?) - Admiral Penn is interviewed at Whitehall
September 20, 1655 - (While in Cagway, Jamaica)(?) - Admiral Penn and General Venables are sent to the Tower of London
October 25, 1655 - (While in Cagway, Jamaica)(?) - Admiral Penn is released after apologizing to the Protector for his disobedience
January 24, 1656 - (While in Cagway, Jamaica)(?) - The english give up the plan to take St.Jago de Cuba
January 24, 1656 - (While in Cagway, Jamaica)(?) - The english give up the plan to take St.Jago de Cuba
October 30, 1657 - near Ocho Rios, Jamaica - Don Cristobal Arnaldo de Isasi is defeated and flees to the hills, to organize a guerrilla war against the english invasors
May 1(?), 1658 - (While in Cagway, Jamaica)(?) - The spanish land 557 soldiers and 6 iron guns at the mouth of Rio Nuevo, north side of Jamaica. They are joined by Isasi and his guerrillas
June 11, 1658 - Cagway (Port Royal), Jamaica - Six ships and 750 men, under command of D'Oyley, set sail to meet the spanish
June 22, 1658 - Rio Nuevo, N Jamaica - D'Oyley anchors in the little bay of Rio Nuevo and the soldiers land unders spanish fire
May 1(?), 1658 - (While in Cagway, Jamaica)(?) - The spanish land 557 soldiers and 6 iron guns at the mouth of Rio Nuevo, north side of Jamaica. They are joined by Isasi and his guerrillas
June 11, 1658 - Cagway (Port Royal), Jamaica - Six ships and 750 men, under command of D'Oyley, set sail to meet the spanish
June 22, 1658 - Rio Nuevo, N Jamaica - D'Oyley anchors in the little bay of Rio Nuevo and the soldiers land unders spanish fire
June 25, 1658 - Rio Nuevo river, N. Jamaica - The spanish are defeated again
February 26, 1660 - Rio Hoja, near Moneague, Jamaica - Lt.Colonel Tyson with 80 men, surprises the spanish camp at Jamaica and kills 50 of them. Others are taken prisoners, others dispersed beyond recall. Isasi runs away for Cuba in the place named as "runaway bay"
July 30(?), 1660 - Cagway (Port Royal), Jamaica - The ship "Convertine" sails into the harbour, bringing news of the Restauration in England
October(?) 1(?), 1660(?) - Cagway (Port Royal)(?) - Morgan marries Mary Elizabeth, the eldest surviving daughter of Colonel Edward Morgan
July 20, 1661 - Cagway (Port Royal) - Thomas Windsor is appointed Governor of Jamaica. He honors the restored King by changing the name of Cagway to Port Royal
August(?) 1(?), 1661 - Port Royal - Lord Windsor creates a militia. Morgan is given a commission in the Port Royal Regiment for his work in fighting the spanish guerrillas
February 5, 1662 - Port Royal - D'Oyley, in accordance with later royal instructions as General-in-Chief, publishes a second proclamation at Point Cagway, addressed to "all Governors of Islands, captains of ships, officers and soldiers under his command", announcing that "His Majesty having commanded a cessation of hostilities, they are hereby ordered to cease from all acts of hostility against the King of Spain or any of his subjects"
April(?) 15(?), 1662 - Port Royal - Thomas Windsor departs to Jamaica
July 11, 1662 - (While in Port Royal) - Thomas Windsor arrives in Barbados
August 1, 1662 - (While in Port Royal) - Thomas Windsor departs Barbados to Jamaica
September 21, 1662 - Port Royal - Myngs departs to Santiago de Cuba. Morgan and Robert Searle each command a ship in the fleet. Myngs's flagship is the 4th-rate Royal Navy frigate "Centurion", of 46-guns and 180 men
October 5, 1662 - Off Santiago de Cuba - Myngs only arrives off Santiago de Cuba on October 5th due to calms and variable breezes. The english land 2 miles from the town, near the mouth of the San Juan River. They start the march through dense forest
October 6, 1662 - Santiago de Cuba - The spanish are caught by surprise and flee. The privateers begin the systematic looting of the town
October 15, 1662 - Santiago de Cuba - Myngs embarks his men and returns in the ships to the harbour's mouth, where the next 4 days are employed in dismantling and destroying the castle and its outworks (blowing up the town and the fort with 700 casks of spanish gunpowder)
October 22, 1662 - Port Royal - The victorious fleet sails into Port Royal with the ships they had taken and much booty, consisting of sugar, hides, wine, silver plate, some negro slaves, some captured artillery, and even some church-bells
October 28, 1662 - Port Royal - Governor Thomas Windsor, being very sick, embarks to England, leaving Sir Charles Lyttelton as his deputy governor
December 25, 1662 - Port Royal - After much pressure from Myngs, Governor Lyttleton issues letters of marque to the privateers to attack Campeche
January 12, 1663 - Port Royal - Myngs sets sail to Campeche with 1,100 men and 12 ships, including his flagship "Centurion". Ship captains include 27-year old Henry Morgan, John Morris, Edward Mansveldt (Mansfield) and Captain Jackman
February 9, 1663 - Coast of Campeche, Mexico - The fleet anchors a mile down the coast from Campeche and begins landing the men
February 23, 1663 - San Francisco | Campeche - Myngs and the fleet depart to Jamaica with 150,000 pieces of eight and 14 captured ships
April 13, 1663 - Port Royal - Myngs arrives in Port Royal (the delay was probably because of the sharing of the loot)
August 4, 1663 - Port Royal - The ship "Friendship" brings King Charles II's orders for the cessation of hostilities with the spanish
January 20, 1664 - Spanish Town (Santiago de la Vega) - Election of a House of Assembly
February 12, 1664 - Spanish Town - End of the election of a House of Assembly. It is adjourned to re-assemble at Port Royal on May 17
June 4, 1664 - Port Royal - New Governor, Thomas Modyford, arrives in Jamaica, bringing 700 planters and their slaves
June 12, 1664 - Port Royal - Governor Modyford publishes a proclamation declaring that in future all hostilities against the spaniards must cease
September 1(?), 1664 - St.Jago - A letter from King Charles II arrives, asking the Governor to revoke the letters of marque for attacking the Spanish Main
January 1(?), 1665 - Port Royal - With their letters of marque still valid, Morgan, John Morris, William Jackman and David Marteen set sail from Port Royal with 5 ships and 200 men in a relatively secret voyage that would take 22-months
January(?) 15(?), 1665 - Mouth of Grijalva River, Bay of Campeche - Mexico - The fleet anchors at the mouth of Grijalva River. 107 men disembark
February(?) 1(?), 1665 - Villahermosa (Santa Maria de la Victoria), Tabasco - Mexico - 40 miles inland
March(?) 1(?), 1665 - Villahermosa - The buccaneers are offered help by indians and decide to march 300 miles to avoid discovery by the spanish. They take Villahermosa (Vildemos / Santa Maria de la Victoria) and plunder it
April(?) 1(?), 1665 - Roatán Island, Coast of Honduras - Watering at Roatán Island
May(?) 1(?), 1665 - Monkey Bay, near Nicaragua River - They anchor in Monkey Bay, near Nicaragua River
June(?) 1(?), 1665 - Trujillo, Honduras - They take the town of trujillo
July 1(?), 1665 - Gran Granada, Nicaragua - They land near Gran Granada, under the advice of their indian guide, then march undiscried into the centre of the city, fire a volley, overturn 18 great guns in the Parada Place, take the serjeant-major's house, wherein were all their arms and ammunition, secure in the Great Church 300 of the best men prisoners, abundance of which were churchmen, plunder for 16 hours, discharge the prisoners, sink all the boats and so came away. (While in Gran Granada)(?) - David Marteen sails into Port Royal, unaware of the war between England and Holland, and informs that Morgan, Morris and Jackman would be soon arriving there, their holds stuffed with treasures taken from 3 major towns they'd attacked and plundered
July(?) 5(?), 1665 - Lida (Ometepe Island, Lake Nicaragua) - At the end of the lagoon they take a vessel of 100 tons, and take a small town in an island "the size of Barbados" called Lida
August 1(?), 1665 - Port Royal - The captains returns to Port Royal
November 1(?), 1665 - Bluefields Bay, SW Jamaica - With Curaçao in his plans, Mansvelt sets sail first to Cuba to buy of steal provisions. Morgan is his vice-admiral
December(?) 1(?), 1665 - Sancti Spiritus, Cuba - The english land in Cuba and march 40 miles inland, to surprise and sack the town of Sancti Spiritus, from which they take a rich booty
February 22, 1666 - (While sailing to Panama) - The Council of Jamaica meets to arrange for reinforcements of militia
March 1, 1666 - (While sailing to Panama) - Governor Thomas Modyford writes to the Duke of Albemarle detailing Morgan's exploits during his 22-months voyage
April 8, 1666 - Almirante Bay, Panama - The buccaneers land on Almirante Bay and begin a march to take Cartago by surprise
April 15, 1666 - Turrialba, E. of Cartago, Costa Rica - Mansvelt enters Turrialba
April 20, 1666 - Cartago, Costa Rica - The attack to Cartago fails. Part of the fleet heads to other directions. Mansvelt complains about the disobedience of several officers and soldiers, and decides to head to the Island of Old Providence to make amends
May 2, 1666 - Santa Catalina Island (Providence), E of Nicaragua - Mansvelt lands under the cover of darkness
May 25, 1666 - Santa Catalina Island (Providence) - Mansvelt and Morgan take the island by surprise
June 12, 1666 - Port Royal - Mansvelt arrives in Port Royal to report that instead of taking Curaçao, he raided the city of Cartago and took the island of Santa Catalina
July 15, 1667 - Port Royal - Sir James Modyford arrives in Jamaica and is appointed Lieutenant-General of Jamaica by his brother
January 1(?), 1668 - Port Royal - Morgan sets sail to the Isle of Pines with 10 ships and 500 men
January(?) 30(?), 1668 - Isla de Pinos (Isle of Pines), SW of Cuba - Morgan is joined by 2 more ships and 200 men from Tortuga
March 30, 1668 - Bay of Santa Maria, Cuba - Morgan lands the remainder of his men in the Bay of Santa Maria
April 1, 1668 - Puerto Principe (Camagüey), Cuba - After a march of 30 miles, Morgan takes the town but is disappointed with the small booty of 50,000 pieces of eight
April 15(?) 1668 - Bay of Santa Maria, Cuba(?) - Morgan obtains information for an attack upon Porto Bello. A month is employed in refitting his ships, killing cattle and curing meat for provisioning them for a long cruise.
May 15(?), 1668 - Bay of Santa Maria, Cuba(?) - Morgan Sets sails southward to Porto Bello without stoping in Jamaica
June 26, 1668 - Off Porto Bello (Portobelo, Colón - Panamá) - Morgan anchors off Porto Bello and transfers his men to 23 canoes, which they paddle to 5 km of the target. They land and approach the first castle from the landward side, where they arrive half an hour before dawn. They take the three castles and the town quickly. The privateers loose 18 men, with a further 32 wounded. in order to take the third castle, Morgan orders the construction of ladders wide enough for three men to climb abreast; when they are completed he "commands all the religious men and women whom he had taken prisoners to fix them against the walls of the castle ... these are forced, at the head of the companies to raise and apply them to the walls ... Thus many of the religious men and nuns are killed. Morgan and his men remain in Porto Bello for a month. He writes to Don Agustín, the acting president of Panama, to demand a ransom for the city of 350,000 pesos. As they strip the city of its wealth it is probable that torture is used on the residents to uncover hidden caches of money and jewels. After an attempt by Don Agustín to recapture the city by force – his army of 800 soldiers is repelled by the privateers – he negotiates a ransom of 100,000 pesos.
August 2, 1668 - Porto Bello (Portobelo, Colón - Panamá) - Morgan departs to Port Royal
August 17, 1668 - Port Royal - Following the ransom and the plunder of Porto Bello, Morgan returns to Port Royal, with between £70,000 and £100,000 of money and valuables; Zahedieh reports that the figures were more than the agricultural output of Jamaica, and nearly half Barbados's sugar exports. Each privateer received £120 – equivalent to five or six times the average annual earnings of a sailor of the time. Morgan received a five per cent share for his work; Modyford received a ten per cent share, which was the price of Morgan's letter of marque. As Morgan had overstepped the limits of his commission, Modyford reported back to London that he had "reproved" him for his actions although, Zahedieh observes, in Britain "Morgan was widely viewed as a national hero and neither he nor Modyford were rebuked for their actions".
October 1(?), 1668 - Port Royal - Morgan sails with 10 ships and 800 men for Île-à-Vache
October 14, 1668 - (While sailing to Île-à-Vache) - "HMS Oxford" arrives in Port Royal to be employed in the defence of Jamaica
December 1(?), 1668 - Île-à-Vache, SW of Haiti - A former Royal Navy Frigate, the "Oxford", arrives to the fleet sent by Modyford. Morgan makes it his flagship. At Île-à-Vache, one of the french ships, the "Le Cerf Volant" is renamed "Satisfaction" and its captain taken to Port Royal to face trial for piracy
January 2, 1669 - Île-à-Vache - Morgan calls a council of war for all his captains, which takes place aboard "HMS Oxford". A spark in the ship's powder magazine destroys the ship and over 200 of its crew. Morgan and the captains seated on one side of the table are blown into the water and survive; the four captains on the other side of the table are all killed
January(?) 5(?), 1669 - Saona Island, SE. of Hispaniola - Morgan chooses Saona Island as his rendezvous point for future operations. His squadron, when assembled there, consisted of 15 ships and 960 sailors and soldiers
January(?) 26(?), 1669 - Bay of Ochoa, Hispaniola - Landing in the Bay of Ochoa to obtain fresh water and more food. The group is attacked by soldiers from Santo Domingo
January(?) 30(?), 1669 - Saona Island - Return to Saona Island, where some of the ships were not there. Only 8 ships remained. At Council, Morgan obtains information about Maracaibo from a french mariner that had accompanied french privateers L'Ollonais and Michel Le Basque in their successful raids upon Maracaibo
February(?) 18(?), 1669 - Aruba - Provisions and wood are purchased from indians in Oruba
February(?) 19(?), 1669 - Entrance of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela - Next day, Morgan anchors out of sight of the watch-tower at the entrance of Lake Maracaibo
February(?) 20(?), 1669 - Strait of Maracaibo, Venezuela - At daybreak, Morgan reaches the strait under spanish fire. The fighting continues the whole day, until he finds the spanish castle empty and ready to be blown up as soon as the pirates were inside. Morgan prevents the mischief by snatching away the match kindled unto a train of powder
February 21(?), 1669 - Strait of Maracaibo | Maracaibo - Next day, Morgan takes the Castle of La Barra, which was found equally empty. The privateers enter in Maracaibo
March 15(?), 1669 - Maracaibo, Venezuela - After 3 weeks ransacking Maracaibo and raiding the surrounding contry in every direction, Morgan decides to advance against the strongly fortified town of Gibraltar, at the further end of the Lake (on the third week of March)
April(?) 4(?), 1669 - Gibraltar, SE end of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela - Morgan arrives in Gibraltar and sends 200 men to capture the Governor, which escapes to the mountains
April(?) 16(?), 1669 - Gibraltar - Unsucessful in capturing the Governor up in a difficult mountain and under heavy rain, Morgan returns to Gibraltar 12 days later
April(?) 20(?), 1669 - Maracaibo - Morgan returns to the empty city of Maracaibo in 4 days and is informed that a trio of spanish warships awaits for him at the Entrance of Lake Maracaibo. The buccaneers were "bottled up"
April 24, 1669 - (While in Maracaibo) - From the spanish ship "Magdalen", Don Alonso del Campo y Espinosa writes to Morgan: "Having understood by all our friends and neighbours the unexpected news that you have dared to attempt and commit hostilities in the countries, cities, towns, and villages belonging to the dominions of his Catholic Majesty, my Sovereign Lord and Master, I let you understand by these lines that I am come to this place according to my obligation nigh unto that castle which you took out of the hands of a parcel of cowards; where I have put things into a very good position of defence and mounted again the artillery which you had nailed and dismounted. My intent is to dispute with you your passage out of the lake and follow and pursue you everywhere, to the end that you may see the performance of my duty. Notwithstanding, if you be contented to surrender with humanity all that you have taken, together with the slaves and all other prisoners, I will let you pass freely without trouble or molestation; upon condition that you retire home presently to your own country. But in case that you make any resistance or opposition unto those things that I proffer unto you, I do assure that I will command boats to come from Caracas, wherein I will put troops, and coming to Maracaibo, will cause you utterly to perish, putting you every man to the sword. This is my last and absolute resolution. Be prudent therefore, and do not abuse my bounty with ingratitude. I have with me very good soldiers, who desire nothing more ardently than to revenge upon you and your people all the cruelties and base infamous actions you have committed upon the Spanish nation in America"
April 30, 1669 - Maracaibo - After the crews agree to face the spanish rather than give up their riches, Morgan sets sail to the Entrance of Lake Maracaibo, having prepared a disguised fireship with all flammable items they found in Maracaibo
May 1, 1669 - Entrance of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela - Morgan and his flotilla attack the spanish squadron. The spanish flagship "Magdalena" grapples the fireship, but when it discovers his true nature its too late; the 48-gun flagship explodes. Seeing his flagship wrapped in flames, the commander of the 36-gun "San Luis" runs his ship ashore, where it is scuttled and abandoned. The third ship "La Marquesa" is taken by Morgan
May 2, 1669 - Maracaibo - Morgan asks for a ransom of 30,000 pieces of eight and 500 fat cattle or he would destroy Maracaibo and kill the prisoners. He agrees in the delivery of 20,000 pieces of eight and 500 beeves.
May 3, 1669 - Entrance of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela - Morgan returns to the scene of the naval battle. The prize-money and captured goods are divided among his officers and men, reserving a proportion due to the King and Lord High Admiral - 250,000 pieces of eight. From the wreck of the "San Luis", one of Morgan's ships recovers 15,000 more pieces of eight. At night, the buccaneers pretend to disembark for another assault to the fort. As the spanish move their guns towards the land, Morgan's ships set sail into the Caribbean, putting all prisoners in a canoe unto the fort
May 17, 1669 - Port Royal - Morgan and his fleet sail into the harbour at Port Royal
November 30, 1669 - near Chapelton, Central Jamaica - Colonel Henry Morgan acquires land by patent from the complacent governor
February 14, 1670 - Spanish Town, Jamaica - Morgan's grant of land is registered in the Record Office of the Island at Spanish Town
March 15, 1670 - (While near Chapelton)(?) - Modyford sends a letter to Lord Arlington, reporting the capture of the "Mary and Jane" by the spanish privateer "San Pedro y Fama", comanded by the portuguese Manoel Pardal
June 24, 1670 - (While near Chapelton)(?) - Peace with the spaniards is publicly proclaimed by beat of drum
June 29, 1670 - (While near Chapelton)(?) - Meeting at Spanish Town to decide what to do about spanish acts of hostility, with Govenor Modyford, his brother Sir James Modyford and his son, Major General Thomas Modyford, among other members. All of them think about one man in a time of emergency: Colonel Henry Morgan
July 2, 1670 - (While near Chapelton)(?) - War against the spaniards is once more proclaimed by beat of drum in Port Royal
July 5, 1670 - (While near Chapelton)(?) - Pardal lands at Point Negril and posts a placard on a tree with a challenge to Morgan, written in english and spanish
July 22, 1670 - Port Royal - Modyford issues Morgan a commission of Admiral, 10 days after the signing of the Treaty of Madrid, which promised peace between Spain and England in the Americas
August 1, 1670 - Port Royal - Aditional instructions are issued to Morgan
August 11, 1670 - Port Royal - Morgan sets sail to a rendezvous point at Île-à-Vache aboard the "Satisfaction" with 11 privateer ships and 600 men
August 14, 1670 - Bluefields Bay, SW Jamaica - Morgan's fleet sails for Bluefields Bay
August 16(?), 1670 - Off Point Negril, Western tip of Jamaica - After taking in wood, water, and some provisions at Bluefields, Morgan sails around the west end of Jamaica, probably in search of Pardal
August(?) 20(?), 1670 - Southern coast of Cuba - Before heading to Île-à-Vache, Morgan arrives to the southern coast of Cuba, where he leaves John Morris's "Dolphin" cruising among the many cays, looking for prisoners and intelligence
August(?) 24(?), 1670 - Off Santiago de Cuba - Reconnoitring Santiago and raising an alarm on his way to his appointed rendezvous
August(?) 26(?), 1670 - Tortuga - Morgan touches at Tortuga Island and then continue south to their rendezvous.
September 2, 1670 - Île-à-Vache, SW of Haiti - Morgan reaches the rendezvous point. Another 3 ships scattered in a gale rejoin him
September 6, 1670 - Île-à-Vache - 4 days later, Morgan detaches 6 ships under Edward Collier to gather provisions and intelligence from the Spanish Main
September 30(?), 1670 - Île-à-Vache - John Morris's "Dolphin" rejoins the fleet, bringing Pardal's "San Pedro y Fama" as a prize to great rejoicing
October 7, 1670 - Île-à-Vache - Morgan's fleet is mauled by such a fierce gale that all ships are driven ashore and much damaged, with exception of the "Satisfaction"
October 30(?), 1670 - Île-à-Vache - Morgan is joined by three french ships with 200 men.
November 20, 1670 - Île-à-Vache - Collier's squadron returns from the Spanish Main, having taken and kept possession for a month of the towns of Rio de la Hacha and La Rancheria on the coast of a very fertile province of the Tierra Firma, northeastward from Cartagena, from which a ransom of four thousand bushels of Indian corn besides quantities of other provisions had been extorted. A ship loaded with grain had been taken, and lastly, to their extreme satisfaction, they had captured the "Gallardena", the privateer from Cartagena that had been engaged with Pardal in ravaging the southern coast of Jamaica, with her entire crew of thirty-eight persons
December 2, 1670 - Île-à-Vache - Morgan assembles a fleet of 38 ships (including french privateers) and 1,800 men. He invites the other 37 captains to meet aboard the "Satisfaction" and asks his advice about what place to attack: The answer is unanimous - Panama
December 6, 1670 - Cape Tiburon (SW tip of Haiti) - Morgan sets sail with the entire fleet to Cape Tiburon
December 8, 1670 - Cape Tiburon - The officers are assembled and sign formal articles of agreement respecting the division of prize-Money. The fleet sails west after taking supplies and more than 200 men who marched across Hispaniola to join them, for a total of more than 2,000 men
December 14, 1670 - Santa Catalina Island (Providence), E of Nicaragua - Santa Catalina Island (Providence) is sighted. The connected islands of Old Providence and Santa Catalina are taken on 15th, after the spanish accept an honourable surrender
December 18, 1670 - Santa Catalina Island (Providence) - Morgan sends Lt.Colonel Bradley with 3 ships and 350 men to Chagres, Panama
December 26, 1670 - (While at Santa Catalina Island (Providence)) - Bradley anchors near Chagres
December 27, 1670 - Chagres | Fort San Lorenzo - Panama - The english take the town and occupy Fort San Lorenzo, with many casualties, including Bradley
January 2, 1671 - Off Chagres - Morgan arrives off Chagres with the rest of the fleet
January 8, 1671 - Chagres River - With his remaining men, Morgan ascends the Chagres River and heads for Old Panama City, on the Pacific Coast. Much of the journey is on foot, through dense rainforests and swamps. The governor of Panama had been forewarned of a potential attack, and had sent Spanish troops to attack Morgan and his men along the route. The privateers transfer to canoes to complete part of the journey, but were still able to beat off the ambushes with ease
January 17, 1671 - Panama Viejo (Old Panama City) - After nine days, with the river difficult to navigate in places, and with the jungle thinning out, Morgan lands his men and travels overland across the remaining part of the isthmus. Arriving at Old Panama City, they camp overnight before attacking the following day
January 18, 1671 - Panama Viejo (Old Panama City) - They are opposed by approximately 1,200 Spanish infantry and 400 cavalry; most were inexperienced. Morgan sent a 300-strong party of men down a ravine that led to the foot of a small hill on the Spanish right flank. As they disappeared from view, the Spanish front line thought the privateers were retreating, and the left wing broke rank and chased, followed by the remainder of the defending infantry. They were met with well-organised firing from Morgan's main force of troops. When the party came into view at the end of the ravine, they were charged by the Spanish cavalry, but organised fire destroyed the cavalry and the party attacked the flank of the main Spanish force. In an effort to disorganise Morgan's forces, the governor of Panama released two herds of oxen and bulls onto the battlefield; scared by the noise of the gunfire, they turned and stampeded over their keepers and some of the remaining Spanish troops. The battle is a rout: the Spanish loose between 400 and 500 men, against 15 privateers killed
February 14, 1671 - Panama Viejo (Old Panama City) - Morgan begins the march back with 175 animals laden with treasure
February 26, 1671 - Chagres - Return to Chagres
March 6, 1671 - Chagres - After the booty is divided, Morgan departs to Port Royal aboard the dead Bradley's "Mayflower", accompanied by Prins's "Pearl", Morris's "Dolphin", and Thomas Harris's "Mary"
April 20, 1671 - Port Royal - Morgan returns to Port Royal to a positive welcome from the town's inhabitants
May 31, 1671 - Port Royal - Makes his official report to the governing Council of Jamaica, and receives their formal thanks and congratulations
July 1, 1671 - Port Royal - A new Governor, Sir Thomas Lynch, arrives in Jamaica and his greeted with full honours by Modyford and Morgan
November 21, 1671 - Port Royal - An affidavit made by Morgan in Jamaica, states his age as 36
April 4, 1672 - Port Royal - For the pillaging and destruction of panama, which violated the Peace Treaty between England and Spain, Morgan is taken to England under arrest aboard captain John Keene's frigate "HMS Welcome".
July 4, 1672 - Spithead, England - Captain Keene informs from Spithead that his two prisoners are aboard the "Welcome", but Morgan is sick
August 1(?), 1672 - London - Henry Morgan arrives in London
July 1(?), 1673 - London - Morgan manages to prove that he had no knowledge of the Peace Treaty when he attacked Panama. King Charles II seeks his advice considering West Indian affairs
August 1, 1673 - London - Morgan submits a memorandum to the King, saying that in obedience to "his commands and promise concerning Jamaica", through Lord Arlington, he had set down what he thought needful for the security of that island. He requested that a fifth-rate frigate should be assigned to transport him, and that the merchants should be granted permission to send a ship of 26 guns with a crew of only thirty men, one-third of them foreigners, to convey the necessary supplies at "a very easy rate". He asked that twenty iron guns, being ten demi-culverins and ten whole culverins, should be furnished to arm new batteries at Port Royal, together with powder, shot, and other necessary supplies. These guns and munitions, he declared, were required at once for the preservation of the chief harbour and magazine of the island
January 23, 1674 - London - Lord Arlington informs the Council for Trade and Plantations that the King had appointed the Earl of Carlisle Governor of Jamaica, and Colonel Henry Morgan as his Deputy Governor
March 1(?), 1674 - Whitehall Palace, London - Charles II gives Morgan a warm reception to dismay of the spanish ambassadors, apparently aproving his exploits.
April 3, 1674 - London - Unhappy with Lynch's conduct in Jamaica, the King and his advisers decide to replace him with John Vaughan, 3rd Earl of Carbery instead of the Earl of Carlisle. Morgan would act as his deputy. He is released from the Tower
October 20, 1674 - London - Dinner at Lord Berkeley's. Diarist John Evely reports of listening to the story of 'that gallant exploit from Nombre de Dios to Panama' and Morgan's boasts that with 10,000 men he could easily conquer all the Spanish Indies
November 1(?), 1674 - London - King Charles appoints Morgan a Knight Bachelor
January 8, 1675 - The Downs, SE England - Morgan sets sail to Jamaica in company of Carbery and Modyford, aboard the "Jamaica Merchant"
February 15(?), 1675 - Off Leeward Islands - Captain Knapman of the "Jamaica Merchant" leaves Roger Strickland's fleet and steers to the Leeward Islands
February 20(?), 1675 - Coast of Hispaniola - Sailing down the coast of Hispaniola
February 25, 1675 - Île-à-Vache, SW of Haiti - The "Jamaica Merchant" runs aground off Île-à-Vache, Morgan's old rendezvous point
March 2(?), 1675 - Île-à-Vache - Six days after the shipwreck, captain Rogers "Gift", carries Morgan and passengers to Jamaica
March 6, 1675 - Port Royal - Despite the shipwreck, Morgan reaches Port Royal
March 7, 1675 - Port Royal - Present at a Council meeting where he becomes Lieutenant-Governor of Jamaica
March 14, 1675 - Port Royal - Lord Vaughan arrives aboard the "Foresight" frigate
April 13, 1675 - Port Royal - Letter to Secretary Williamson, describing his voyage from England to Jamaica
May 4, 1675 - Port Royal - For his good services, Morgan's salary is raised by Assembly vote
January 23, 1676 - Port Royal - Meeting of the Council
March 11, 1676 - Port Royal - Meeting of the Council
September 29, 1676 - Spanish Town - Morgan is granted another piece of land
March 14, 1678 - Port Royal - Vaughan is recalled to England leaving Morgan in charge of the Island. Martial Law is declared (because of tensions with France)
April 25, 1678 - Port Royal - Acting Governor Morgan declares Martial Law in Jamaica (because of tensions with France)
June 1, 1678 - Port Royal - Thomas Wigfall in the Sloop "Advice" arrives with the news that french Admiral D'Estrées had ran on a reef
July 18, 1678 - Port Royal - Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle, arrives aboard the 48-gun frigate "Jersey" to take over as Governor
September 2, 1679 - Spanish Town, Jamaica - Former Governor Sir Thomas Modyford dies
June 22, 1680 - Parish of St.Mary, near Negro River, Jamaica - Morgan buys 300 acres in the parish of St.Mary, near Negro River
October 9, 1680 - Parish of St.Mary - Morgan buys 7 parcels of land adjoining his former purchase
April 9, 1681 - Lawrencefield (between Passage Fort and Spanish Town) - Letter to the new Secretary, defending himself. About the same time, Morgan takes residence on the estate of Lawrencefield
July 27, 1681 - Port Royal - Morgan's commission as Lieutenant-Governor is revoked, and his "enemy" Lynch is appointed Governor
October 7, 1681 - Parish of St.George, near Annotto Bay, Jamaica - Morgan buys 120 acres in the new parish of St.George, not far from Annotto Bay
November 1(?), 1681 - Port Royal - Despite showing his abhorrence for pirates in letters to England, Morgan allows 4 frigates with commissions from the Elector of Brandenburg to sail into Port Royal and sell 2 spanish prizes
December 7, 1681 - Parish of St.George - Morgan buys 3 parcels of land containing 212 acres, and a parcel of land in the parish of Port Royal
January(?) 1(?), 1682 - Port Royal - Port Royal becomes the best fortified town in English America after Morgan's improvements
January 17, 1682 - Port Royal - Meeting of the Council, about the french ship "La Trompeuse" which arrived at Port Royal
March 6, 1682 - ? - Morgan buys 20 more acres of land
May 14, 1682 - Port Royal - New Governor Lynch arrives aboard the frigate "Sweepstakes" and immediatly reads the revocation of Morgan's commission as Lieutenant-Governor, but allows him to stay in the Council
August 6, 1682 - Parish of St.Mary, near the "Spanish Crawle", Jamaica - Morgan buys 510 acres of land
August 10, 1682 - Port Royal - James and Margery Barkley of the parish of Vere conveyed to him a plot of land situated on Yorke and Tower Streets in the town of Port Royal
December 19, 1682 - Port Royal - Morgan purchases from Captain Peter Heywood, "¼ part of & in the good sloop called New Port of the burthen or portage of 15 Tunns, now in the Harbour of Port Royal & the ¼ part in the mast, sayles, sailyards, anchors, cables, ropes, cords, guns, gunpowder, ammunition, shot & other instrument artillery, long boat, Cock boats, Canoa, tackle, apparel, furniture, & other things whatsoever to the said ship belonging"
October 1, 1683 - Port Royal - Morgan is removed from the Assembly of Jamaica and charged with "disorder, passions and miscarriages at Port Royal on various occasions and for countenancing sundry men in disloyalty to the Governor" (Back in England Lynch payed £50,000 to King Charles II to influence him).
October 5, 1683 - Parish of St.Mary - Morgan buys 58 acres of land
January(?) 1(?), 1684 - (while in Lawrencefield, Jamaica)(?) - An account of Morgan's exploits is published by Exquemelin, in a Dutch volume entitled "De Americaensche Zee-Roovers" (About the Buccaneers of America)
January(?) 1(?), 1685(?) - Lawrencefield, Jamaica(?) - Morgan takes steps to discredit the book and successfully brought a libel suit against the book's publishers William Crooke and Thomas Malthus. In his affidavit he stated that he had "against evil deeds, piracies and robberies the greatest abhorrence and distrust", and that "for the kind of men called buccaneers", he "always had and still has hatred". The court found in his favour and the book was retracted; damages of £200 were paid to him
December 18, 1687 - Port Royal - Lynch's permanent replacement, Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, arrives in Port Royal. He dismisses Molesworth and gives Morgan an unofficial role as advisor
June 5, 1688 - Port Royal - Meeting of the Council
June 17, 1688 - Lawrencefield - Morgan signs his last Will and Testament
July 12, 1688 - (While in Lawrencefield) - Morgan is formally readmitted in the Council of Jamaica after an absence of nearly 5 years
July 20, 1688 - (While in Lawrencefield) - Albemarle writes: "I have admitted Sir Henry Morgan to the Council pursuant to the King's order, but I am afraid that he will not live long, being extraordinarily ill."
August 8, 1688 - Lawrencefield - Morgan is too ill to attend the Assembly (Albemarle persuades the King to allow Morgan to regain his position). His health gradually gets worse until his death, because of heavy drinking (at least since 1681) and incompetent doctors
August 25, 1688 - Lawrencefield - Sir Henry Morgan dies, aged 53. =(END)
February 26, 1660 - Rio Hoja, near Moneague, Jamaica - Lt.Colonel Tyson with 80 men, surprises the spanish camp at Jamaica and kills 50 of them. Others are taken prisoners, others dispersed beyond recall. Isasi runs away for Cuba in the place named as "runaway bay"
July 30(?), 1660 - Cagway (Port Royal), Jamaica - The ship "Convertine" sails into the harbour, bringing news of the Restauration in England
October(?) 1(?), 1660(?) - Cagway (Port Royal)(?) - Morgan marries Mary Elizabeth, the eldest surviving daughter of Colonel Edward Morgan
July 20, 1661 - Cagway (Port Royal) - Thomas Windsor is appointed Governor of Jamaica. He honors the restored King by changing the name of Cagway to Port Royal
August(?) 1(?), 1661 - Port Royal - Lord Windsor creates a militia. Morgan is given a commission in the Port Royal Regiment for his work in fighting the spanish guerrillas
February 5, 1662 - Port Royal - D'Oyley, in accordance with later royal instructions as General-in-Chief, publishes a second proclamation at Point Cagway, addressed to "all Governors of Islands, captains of ships, officers and soldiers under his command", announcing that "His Majesty having commanded a cessation of hostilities, they are hereby ordered to cease from all acts of hostility against the King of Spain or any of his subjects"
April(?) 15(?), 1662 - Port Royal - Thomas Windsor departs to Jamaica
July 11, 1662 - (While in Port Royal) - Thomas Windsor arrives in Barbados
August 1, 1662 - (While in Port Royal) - Thomas Windsor departs Barbados to Jamaica
September 21, 1662 - Port Royal - Myngs departs to Santiago de Cuba. Morgan and Robert Searle each command a ship in the fleet. Myngs's flagship is the 4th-rate Royal Navy frigate "Centurion", of 46-guns and 180 men
October 5, 1662 - Off Santiago de Cuba - Myngs only arrives off Santiago de Cuba on October 5th due to calms and variable breezes. The english land 2 miles from the town, near the mouth of the San Juan River. They start the march through dense forest
October 6, 1662 - Santiago de Cuba - The spanish are caught by surprise and flee. The privateers begin the systematic looting of the town
October 15, 1662 - Santiago de Cuba - Myngs embarks his men and returns in the ships to the harbour's mouth, where the next 4 days are employed in dismantling and destroying the castle and its outworks (blowing up the town and the fort with 700 casks of spanish gunpowder)
October 22, 1662 - Port Royal - The victorious fleet sails into Port Royal with the ships they had taken and much booty, consisting of sugar, hides, wine, silver plate, some negro slaves, some captured artillery, and even some church-bells
October 28, 1662 - Port Royal - Governor Thomas Windsor, being very sick, embarks to England, leaving Sir Charles Lyttelton as his deputy governor
December 25, 1662 - Port Royal - After much pressure from Myngs, Governor Lyttleton issues letters of marque to the privateers to attack Campeche
January 12, 1663 - Port Royal - Myngs sets sail to Campeche with 1,100 men and 12 ships, including his flagship "Centurion". Ship captains include 27-year old Henry Morgan, John Morris, Edward Mansveldt (Mansfield) and Captain Jackman
February 9, 1663 - Coast of Campeche, Mexico - The fleet anchors a mile down the coast from Campeche and begins landing the men
February 23, 1663 - San Francisco | Campeche - Myngs and the fleet depart to Jamaica with 150,000 pieces of eight and 14 captured ships
April 13, 1663 - Port Royal - Myngs arrives in Port Royal (the delay was probably because of the sharing of the loot)
August 4, 1663 - Port Royal - The ship "Friendship" brings King Charles II's orders for the cessation of hostilities with the spanish
January 20, 1664 - Spanish Town (Santiago de la Vega) - Election of a House of Assembly
February 12, 1664 - Spanish Town - End of the election of a House of Assembly. It is adjourned to re-assemble at Port Royal on May 17
June 4, 1664 - Port Royal - New Governor, Thomas Modyford, arrives in Jamaica, bringing 700 planters and their slaves
June 12, 1664 - Port Royal - Governor Modyford publishes a proclamation declaring that in future all hostilities against the spaniards must cease
September 1(?), 1664 - St.Jago - A letter from King Charles II arrives, asking the Governor to revoke the letters of marque for attacking the Spanish Main
January 1(?), 1665 - Port Royal - With their letters of marque still valid, Morgan, John Morris, William Jackman and David Marteen set sail from Port Royal with 5 ships and 200 men in a relatively secret voyage that would take 22-months
January(?) 15(?), 1665 - Mouth of Grijalva River, Bay of Campeche - Mexico - The fleet anchors at the mouth of Grijalva River. 107 men disembark
February(?) 1(?), 1665 - Villahermosa (Santa Maria de la Victoria), Tabasco - Mexico - 40 miles inland
March(?) 1(?), 1665 - Villahermosa - The buccaneers are offered help by indians and decide to march 300 miles to avoid discovery by the spanish. They take Villahermosa (Vildemos / Santa Maria de la Victoria) and plunder it
April(?) 1(?), 1665 - Roatán Island, Coast of Honduras - Watering at Roatán Island
May(?) 1(?), 1665 - Monkey Bay, near Nicaragua River - They anchor in Monkey Bay, near Nicaragua River
June(?) 1(?), 1665 - Trujillo, Honduras - They take the town of trujillo
July 1(?), 1665 - Gran Granada, Nicaragua - They land near Gran Granada, under the advice of their indian guide, then march undiscried into the centre of the city, fire a volley, overturn 18 great guns in the Parada Place, take the serjeant-major's house, wherein were all their arms and ammunition, secure in the Great Church 300 of the best men prisoners, abundance of which were churchmen, plunder for 16 hours, discharge the prisoners, sink all the boats and so came away. (While in Gran Granada)(?) - David Marteen sails into Port Royal, unaware of the war between England and Holland, and informs that Morgan, Morris and Jackman would be soon arriving there, their holds stuffed with treasures taken from 3 major towns they'd attacked and plundered
July(?) 5(?), 1665 - Lida (Ometepe Island, Lake Nicaragua) - At the end of the lagoon they take a vessel of 100 tons, and take a small town in an island "the size of Barbados" called Lida
August 1(?), 1665 - Port Royal - The captains returns to Port Royal
November 1(?), 1665 - Bluefields Bay, SW Jamaica - With Curaçao in his plans, Mansvelt sets sail first to Cuba to buy of steal provisions. Morgan is his vice-admiral
December(?) 1(?), 1665 - Sancti Spiritus, Cuba - The english land in Cuba and march 40 miles inland, to surprise and sack the town of Sancti Spiritus, from which they take a rich booty
February 22, 1666 - (While sailing to Panama) - The Council of Jamaica meets to arrange for reinforcements of militia
March 1, 1666 - (While sailing to Panama) - Governor Thomas Modyford writes to the Duke of Albemarle detailing Morgan's exploits during his 22-months voyage
April 8, 1666 - Almirante Bay, Panama - The buccaneers land on Almirante Bay and begin a march to take Cartago by surprise
April 15, 1666 - Turrialba, E. of Cartago, Costa Rica - Mansvelt enters Turrialba
April 20, 1666 - Cartago, Costa Rica - The attack to Cartago fails. Part of the fleet heads to other directions. Mansvelt complains about the disobedience of several officers and soldiers, and decides to head to the Island of Old Providence to make amends
May 2, 1666 - Santa Catalina Island (Providence), E of Nicaragua - Mansvelt lands under the cover of darkness
May 25, 1666 - Santa Catalina Island (Providence) - Mansvelt and Morgan take the island by surprise
June 12, 1666 - Port Royal - Mansvelt arrives in Port Royal to report that instead of taking Curaçao, he raided the city of Cartago and took the island of Santa Catalina
July 15, 1667 - Port Royal - Sir James Modyford arrives in Jamaica and is appointed Lieutenant-General of Jamaica by his brother
January 1(?), 1668 - Port Royal - Morgan sets sail to the Isle of Pines with 10 ships and 500 men
January(?) 30(?), 1668 - Isla de Pinos (Isle of Pines), SW of Cuba - Morgan is joined by 2 more ships and 200 men from Tortuga
March 30, 1668 - Bay of Santa Maria, Cuba - Morgan lands the remainder of his men in the Bay of Santa Maria
 |
| Pieces of Eight |
April 15(?) 1668 - Bay of Santa Maria, Cuba(?) - Morgan obtains information for an attack upon Porto Bello. A month is employed in refitting his ships, killing cattle and curing meat for provisioning them for a long cruise.
May 15(?), 1668 - Bay of Santa Maria, Cuba(?) - Morgan Sets sails southward to Porto Bello without stoping in Jamaica
June 26, 1668 - Off Porto Bello (Portobelo, Colón - Panamá) - Morgan anchors off Porto Bello and transfers his men to 23 canoes, which they paddle to 5 km of the target. They land and approach the first castle from the landward side, where they arrive half an hour before dawn. They take the three castles and the town quickly. The privateers loose 18 men, with a further 32 wounded. in order to take the third castle, Morgan orders the construction of ladders wide enough for three men to climb abreast; when they are completed he "commands all the religious men and women whom he had taken prisoners to fix them against the walls of the castle ... these are forced, at the head of the companies to raise and apply them to the walls ... Thus many of the religious men and nuns are killed. Morgan and his men remain in Porto Bello for a month. He writes to Don Agustín, the acting president of Panama, to demand a ransom for the city of 350,000 pesos. As they strip the city of its wealth it is probable that torture is used on the residents to uncover hidden caches of money and jewels. After an attempt by Don Agustín to recapture the city by force – his army of 800 soldiers is repelled by the privateers – he negotiates a ransom of 100,000 pesos.
August 2, 1668 - Porto Bello (Portobelo, Colón - Panamá) - Morgan departs to Port Royal
August 17, 1668 - Port Royal - Following the ransom and the plunder of Porto Bello, Morgan returns to Port Royal, with between £70,000 and £100,000 of money and valuables; Zahedieh reports that the figures were more than the agricultural output of Jamaica, and nearly half Barbados's sugar exports. Each privateer received £120 – equivalent to five or six times the average annual earnings of a sailor of the time. Morgan received a five per cent share for his work; Modyford received a ten per cent share, which was the price of Morgan's letter of marque. As Morgan had overstepped the limits of his commission, Modyford reported back to London that he had "reproved" him for his actions although, Zahedieh observes, in Britain "Morgan was widely viewed as a national hero and neither he nor Modyford were rebuked for their actions".
October 1(?), 1668 - Port Royal - Morgan sails with 10 ships and 800 men for Île-à-Vache
October 14, 1668 - (While sailing to Île-à-Vache) - "HMS Oxford" arrives in Port Royal to be employed in the defence of Jamaica
December 1(?), 1668 - Île-à-Vache, SW of Haiti - A former Royal Navy Frigate, the "Oxford", arrives to the fleet sent by Modyford. Morgan makes it his flagship. At Île-à-Vache, one of the french ships, the "Le Cerf Volant" is renamed "Satisfaction" and its captain taken to Port Royal to face trial for piracy
January 2, 1669 - Île-à-Vache - Morgan calls a council of war for all his captains, which takes place aboard "HMS Oxford". A spark in the ship's powder magazine destroys the ship and over 200 of its crew. Morgan and the captains seated on one side of the table are blown into the water and survive; the four captains on the other side of the table are all killed
January(?) 5(?), 1669 - Saona Island, SE. of Hispaniola - Morgan chooses Saona Island as his rendezvous point for future operations. His squadron, when assembled there, consisted of 15 ships and 960 sailors and soldiers
January(?) 26(?), 1669 - Bay of Ochoa, Hispaniola - Landing in the Bay of Ochoa to obtain fresh water and more food. The group is attacked by soldiers from Santo Domingo
January(?) 30(?), 1669 - Saona Island - Return to Saona Island, where some of the ships were not there. Only 8 ships remained. At Council, Morgan obtains information about Maracaibo from a french mariner that had accompanied french privateers L'Ollonais and Michel Le Basque in their successful raids upon Maracaibo
February(?) 18(?), 1669 - Aruba - Provisions and wood are purchased from indians in Oruba
February(?) 19(?), 1669 - Entrance of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela - Next day, Morgan anchors out of sight of the watch-tower at the entrance of Lake Maracaibo
February(?) 20(?), 1669 - Strait of Maracaibo, Venezuela - At daybreak, Morgan reaches the strait under spanish fire. The fighting continues the whole day, until he finds the spanish castle empty and ready to be blown up as soon as the pirates were inside. Morgan prevents the mischief by snatching away the match kindled unto a train of powder
February 21(?), 1669 - Strait of Maracaibo | Maracaibo - Next day, Morgan takes the Castle of La Barra, which was found equally empty. The privateers enter in Maracaibo
March 15(?), 1669 - Maracaibo, Venezuela - After 3 weeks ransacking Maracaibo and raiding the surrounding contry in every direction, Morgan decides to advance against the strongly fortified town of Gibraltar, at the further end of the Lake (on the third week of March)
April(?) 4(?), 1669 - Gibraltar, SE end of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela - Morgan arrives in Gibraltar and sends 200 men to capture the Governor, which escapes to the mountains
April(?) 16(?), 1669 - Gibraltar - Unsucessful in capturing the Governor up in a difficult mountain and under heavy rain, Morgan returns to Gibraltar 12 days later
April(?) 20(?), 1669 - Maracaibo - Morgan returns to the empty city of Maracaibo in 4 days and is informed that a trio of spanish warships awaits for him at the Entrance of Lake Maracaibo. The buccaneers were "bottled up"
April 24, 1669 - (While in Maracaibo) - From the spanish ship "Magdalen", Don Alonso del Campo y Espinosa writes to Morgan: "Having understood by all our friends and neighbours the unexpected news that you have dared to attempt and commit hostilities in the countries, cities, towns, and villages belonging to the dominions of his Catholic Majesty, my Sovereign Lord and Master, I let you understand by these lines that I am come to this place according to my obligation nigh unto that castle which you took out of the hands of a parcel of cowards; where I have put things into a very good position of defence and mounted again the artillery which you had nailed and dismounted. My intent is to dispute with you your passage out of the lake and follow and pursue you everywhere, to the end that you may see the performance of my duty. Notwithstanding, if you be contented to surrender with humanity all that you have taken, together with the slaves and all other prisoners, I will let you pass freely without trouble or molestation; upon condition that you retire home presently to your own country. But in case that you make any resistance or opposition unto those things that I proffer unto you, I do assure that I will command boats to come from Caracas, wherein I will put troops, and coming to Maracaibo, will cause you utterly to perish, putting you every man to the sword. This is my last and absolute resolution. Be prudent therefore, and do not abuse my bounty with ingratitude. I have with me very good soldiers, who desire nothing more ardently than to revenge upon you and your people all the cruelties and base infamous actions you have committed upon the Spanish nation in America"
April 30, 1669 - Maracaibo - After the crews agree to face the spanish rather than give up their riches, Morgan sets sail to the Entrance of Lake Maracaibo, having prepared a disguised fireship with all flammable items they found in Maracaibo
May 1, 1669 - Entrance of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela - Morgan and his flotilla attack the spanish squadron. The spanish flagship "Magdalena" grapples the fireship, but when it discovers his true nature its too late; the 48-gun flagship explodes. Seeing his flagship wrapped in flames, the commander of the 36-gun "San Luis" runs his ship ashore, where it is scuttled and abandoned. The third ship "La Marquesa" is taken by Morgan
May 2, 1669 - Maracaibo - Morgan asks for a ransom of 30,000 pieces of eight and 500 fat cattle or he would destroy Maracaibo and kill the prisoners. He agrees in the delivery of 20,000 pieces of eight and 500 beeves.
May 3, 1669 - Entrance of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela - Morgan returns to the scene of the naval battle. The prize-money and captured goods are divided among his officers and men, reserving a proportion due to the King and Lord High Admiral - 250,000 pieces of eight. From the wreck of the "San Luis", one of Morgan's ships recovers 15,000 more pieces of eight. At night, the buccaneers pretend to disembark for another assault to the fort. As the spanish move their guns towards the land, Morgan's ships set sail into the Caribbean, putting all prisoners in a canoe unto the fort
May 17, 1669 - Port Royal - Morgan and his fleet sail into the harbour at Port Royal
November 30, 1669 - near Chapelton, Central Jamaica - Colonel Henry Morgan acquires land by patent from the complacent governor
February 14, 1670 - Spanish Town, Jamaica - Morgan's grant of land is registered in the Record Office of the Island at Spanish Town
March 15, 1670 - (While near Chapelton)(?) - Modyford sends a letter to Lord Arlington, reporting the capture of the "Mary and Jane" by the spanish privateer "San Pedro y Fama", comanded by the portuguese Manoel Pardal
June 24, 1670 - (While near Chapelton)(?) - Peace with the spaniards is publicly proclaimed by beat of drum
June 29, 1670 - (While near Chapelton)(?) - Meeting at Spanish Town to decide what to do about spanish acts of hostility, with Govenor Modyford, his brother Sir James Modyford and his son, Major General Thomas Modyford, among other members. All of them think about one man in a time of emergency: Colonel Henry Morgan
July 2, 1670 - (While near Chapelton)(?) - War against the spaniards is once more proclaimed by beat of drum in Port Royal
July 5, 1670 - (While near Chapelton)(?) - Pardal lands at Point Negril and posts a placard on a tree with a challenge to Morgan, written in english and spanish
July 22, 1670 - Port Royal - Modyford issues Morgan a commission of Admiral, 10 days after the signing of the Treaty of Madrid, which promised peace between Spain and England in the Americas
August 1, 1670 - Port Royal - Aditional instructions are issued to Morgan
August 11, 1670 - Port Royal - Morgan sets sail to a rendezvous point at Île-à-Vache aboard the "Satisfaction" with 11 privateer ships and 600 men
August 14, 1670 - Bluefields Bay, SW Jamaica - Morgan's fleet sails for Bluefields Bay
August 16(?), 1670 - Off Point Negril, Western tip of Jamaica - After taking in wood, water, and some provisions at Bluefields, Morgan sails around the west end of Jamaica, probably in search of Pardal
August(?) 20(?), 1670 - Southern coast of Cuba - Before heading to Île-à-Vache, Morgan arrives to the southern coast of Cuba, where he leaves John Morris's "Dolphin" cruising among the many cays, looking for prisoners and intelligence
August(?) 24(?), 1670 - Off Santiago de Cuba - Reconnoitring Santiago and raising an alarm on his way to his appointed rendezvous
August(?) 26(?), 1670 - Tortuga - Morgan touches at Tortuga Island and then continue south to their rendezvous.
September 2, 1670 - Île-à-Vache, SW of Haiti - Morgan reaches the rendezvous point. Another 3 ships scattered in a gale rejoin him
September 6, 1670 - Île-à-Vache - 4 days later, Morgan detaches 6 ships under Edward Collier to gather provisions and intelligence from the Spanish Main
September 30(?), 1670 - Île-à-Vache - John Morris's "Dolphin" rejoins the fleet, bringing Pardal's "San Pedro y Fama" as a prize to great rejoicing
October 7, 1670 - Île-à-Vache - Morgan's fleet is mauled by such a fierce gale that all ships are driven ashore and much damaged, with exception of the "Satisfaction"
October 30(?), 1670 - Île-à-Vache - Morgan is joined by three french ships with 200 men.
November 20, 1670 - Île-à-Vache - Collier's squadron returns from the Spanish Main, having taken and kept possession for a month of the towns of Rio de la Hacha and La Rancheria on the coast of a very fertile province of the Tierra Firma, northeastward from Cartagena, from which a ransom of four thousand bushels of Indian corn besides quantities of other provisions had been extorted. A ship loaded with grain had been taken, and lastly, to their extreme satisfaction, they had captured the "Gallardena", the privateer from Cartagena that had been engaged with Pardal in ravaging the southern coast of Jamaica, with her entire crew of thirty-eight persons
December 2, 1670 - Île-à-Vache - Morgan assembles a fleet of 38 ships (including french privateers) and 1,800 men. He invites the other 37 captains to meet aboard the "Satisfaction" and asks his advice about what place to attack: The answer is unanimous - Panama
December 6, 1670 - Cape Tiburon (SW tip of Haiti) - Morgan sets sail with the entire fleet to Cape Tiburon
December 8, 1670 - Cape Tiburon - The officers are assembled and sign formal articles of agreement respecting the division of prize-Money. The fleet sails west after taking supplies and more than 200 men who marched across Hispaniola to join them, for a total of more than 2,000 men
December 14, 1670 - Santa Catalina Island (Providence), E of Nicaragua - Santa Catalina Island (Providence) is sighted. The connected islands of Old Providence and Santa Catalina are taken on 15th, after the spanish accept an honourable surrender
December 18, 1670 - Santa Catalina Island (Providence) - Morgan sends Lt.Colonel Bradley with 3 ships and 350 men to Chagres, Panama
December 26, 1670 - (While at Santa Catalina Island (Providence)) - Bradley anchors near Chagres
December 27, 1670 - Chagres | Fort San Lorenzo - Panama - The english take the town and occupy Fort San Lorenzo, with many casualties, including Bradley
January 2, 1671 - Off Chagres - Morgan arrives off Chagres with the rest of the fleet
January 8, 1671 - Chagres River - With his remaining men, Morgan ascends the Chagres River and heads for Old Panama City, on the Pacific Coast. Much of the journey is on foot, through dense rainforests and swamps. The governor of Panama had been forewarned of a potential attack, and had sent Spanish troops to attack Morgan and his men along the route. The privateers transfer to canoes to complete part of the journey, but were still able to beat off the ambushes with ease
January 17, 1671 - Panama Viejo (Old Panama City) - After nine days, with the river difficult to navigate in places, and with the jungle thinning out, Morgan lands his men and travels overland across the remaining part of the isthmus. Arriving at Old Panama City, they camp overnight before attacking the following day
January 18, 1671 - Panama Viejo (Old Panama City) - They are opposed by approximately 1,200 Spanish infantry and 400 cavalry; most were inexperienced. Morgan sent a 300-strong party of men down a ravine that led to the foot of a small hill on the Spanish right flank. As they disappeared from view, the Spanish front line thought the privateers were retreating, and the left wing broke rank and chased, followed by the remainder of the defending infantry. They were met with well-organised firing from Morgan's main force of troops. When the party came into view at the end of the ravine, they were charged by the Spanish cavalry, but organised fire destroyed the cavalry and the party attacked the flank of the main Spanish force. In an effort to disorganise Morgan's forces, the governor of Panama released two herds of oxen and bulls onto the battlefield; scared by the noise of the gunfire, they turned and stampeded over their keepers and some of the remaining Spanish troops. The battle is a rout: the Spanish loose between 400 and 500 men, against 15 privateers killed
February 14, 1671 - Panama Viejo (Old Panama City) - Morgan begins the march back with 175 animals laden with treasure
February 26, 1671 - Chagres - Return to Chagres
March 6, 1671 - Chagres - After the booty is divided, Morgan departs to Port Royal aboard the dead Bradley's "Mayflower", accompanied by Prins's "Pearl", Morris's "Dolphin", and Thomas Harris's "Mary"
April 20, 1671 - Port Royal - Morgan returns to Port Royal to a positive welcome from the town's inhabitants
May 31, 1671 - Port Royal - Makes his official report to the governing Council of Jamaica, and receives their formal thanks and congratulations
July 1, 1671 - Port Royal - A new Governor, Sir Thomas Lynch, arrives in Jamaica and his greeted with full honours by Modyford and Morgan
November 21, 1671 - Port Royal - An affidavit made by Morgan in Jamaica, states his age as 36
April 4, 1672 - Port Royal - For the pillaging and destruction of panama, which violated the Peace Treaty between England and Spain, Morgan is taken to England under arrest aboard captain John Keene's frigate "HMS Welcome".
July 4, 1672 - Spithead, England - Captain Keene informs from Spithead that his two prisoners are aboard the "Welcome", but Morgan is sick
August 1(?), 1672 - London - Henry Morgan arrives in London
July 1(?), 1673 - London - Morgan manages to prove that he had no knowledge of the Peace Treaty when he attacked Panama. King Charles II seeks his advice considering West Indian affairs
August 1, 1673 - London - Morgan submits a memorandum to the King, saying that in obedience to "his commands and promise concerning Jamaica", through Lord Arlington, he had set down what he thought needful for the security of that island. He requested that a fifth-rate frigate should be assigned to transport him, and that the merchants should be granted permission to send a ship of 26 guns with a crew of only thirty men, one-third of them foreigners, to convey the necessary supplies at "a very easy rate". He asked that twenty iron guns, being ten demi-culverins and ten whole culverins, should be furnished to arm new batteries at Port Royal, together with powder, shot, and other necessary supplies. These guns and munitions, he declared, were required at once for the preservation of the chief harbour and magazine of the island
January 23, 1674 - London - Lord Arlington informs the Council for Trade and Plantations that the King had appointed the Earl of Carlisle Governor of Jamaica, and Colonel Henry Morgan as his Deputy Governor
March 1(?), 1674 - Whitehall Palace, London - Charles II gives Morgan a warm reception to dismay of the spanish ambassadors, apparently aproving his exploits.
April 3, 1674 - London - Unhappy with Lynch's conduct in Jamaica, the King and his advisers decide to replace him with John Vaughan, 3rd Earl of Carbery instead of the Earl of Carlisle. Morgan would act as his deputy. He is released from the Tower
October 20, 1674 - London - Dinner at Lord Berkeley's. Diarist John Evely reports of listening to the story of 'that gallant exploit from Nombre de Dios to Panama' and Morgan's boasts that with 10,000 men he could easily conquer all the Spanish Indies
November 1(?), 1674 - London - King Charles appoints Morgan a Knight Bachelor
January 8, 1675 - The Downs, SE England - Morgan sets sail to Jamaica in company of Carbery and Modyford, aboard the "Jamaica Merchant"
February 15(?), 1675 - Off Leeward Islands - Captain Knapman of the "Jamaica Merchant" leaves Roger Strickland's fleet and steers to the Leeward Islands
February 20(?), 1675 - Coast of Hispaniola - Sailing down the coast of Hispaniola
February 25, 1675 - Île-à-Vache, SW of Haiti - The "Jamaica Merchant" runs aground off Île-à-Vache, Morgan's old rendezvous point
March 2(?), 1675 - Île-à-Vache - Six days after the shipwreck, captain Rogers "Gift", carries Morgan and passengers to Jamaica
March 6, 1675 - Port Royal - Despite the shipwreck, Morgan reaches Port Royal
March 7, 1675 - Port Royal - Present at a Council meeting where he becomes Lieutenant-Governor of Jamaica
March 14, 1675 - Port Royal - Lord Vaughan arrives aboard the "Foresight" frigate
April 13, 1675 - Port Royal - Letter to Secretary Williamson, describing his voyage from England to Jamaica
May 4, 1675 - Port Royal - For his good services, Morgan's salary is raised by Assembly vote
January 23, 1676 - Port Royal - Meeting of the Council
March 11, 1676 - Port Royal - Meeting of the Council
September 29, 1676 - Spanish Town - Morgan is granted another piece of land
March 14, 1678 - Port Royal - Vaughan is recalled to England leaving Morgan in charge of the Island. Martial Law is declared (because of tensions with France)
April 25, 1678 - Port Royal - Acting Governor Morgan declares Martial Law in Jamaica (because of tensions with France)
June 1, 1678 - Port Royal - Thomas Wigfall in the Sloop "Advice" arrives with the news that french Admiral D'Estrées had ran on a reef
July 18, 1678 - Port Royal - Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle, arrives aboard the 48-gun frigate "Jersey" to take over as Governor
September 2, 1679 - Spanish Town, Jamaica - Former Governor Sir Thomas Modyford dies
June 22, 1680 - Parish of St.Mary, near Negro River, Jamaica - Morgan buys 300 acres in the parish of St.Mary, near Negro River
October 9, 1680 - Parish of St.Mary - Morgan buys 7 parcels of land adjoining his former purchase
April 9, 1681 - Lawrencefield (between Passage Fort and Spanish Town) - Letter to the new Secretary, defending himself. About the same time, Morgan takes residence on the estate of Lawrencefield
July 27, 1681 - Port Royal - Morgan's commission as Lieutenant-Governor is revoked, and his "enemy" Lynch is appointed Governor
October 7, 1681 - Parish of St.George, near Annotto Bay, Jamaica - Morgan buys 120 acres in the new parish of St.George, not far from Annotto Bay
November 1(?), 1681 - Port Royal - Despite showing his abhorrence for pirates in letters to England, Morgan allows 4 frigates with commissions from the Elector of Brandenburg to sail into Port Royal and sell 2 spanish prizes
December 7, 1681 - Parish of St.George - Morgan buys 3 parcels of land containing 212 acres, and a parcel of land in the parish of Port Royal
January(?) 1(?), 1682 - Port Royal - Port Royal becomes the best fortified town in English America after Morgan's improvements
January 17, 1682 - Port Royal - Meeting of the Council, about the french ship "La Trompeuse" which arrived at Port Royal
March 6, 1682 - ? - Morgan buys 20 more acres of land
May 14, 1682 - Port Royal - New Governor Lynch arrives aboard the frigate "Sweepstakes" and immediatly reads the revocation of Morgan's commission as Lieutenant-Governor, but allows him to stay in the Council
August 6, 1682 - Parish of St.Mary, near the "Spanish Crawle", Jamaica - Morgan buys 510 acres of land
August 10, 1682 - Port Royal - James and Margery Barkley of the parish of Vere conveyed to him a plot of land situated on Yorke and Tower Streets in the town of Port Royal
December 19, 1682 - Port Royal - Morgan purchases from Captain Peter Heywood, "¼ part of & in the good sloop called New Port of the burthen or portage of 15 Tunns, now in the Harbour of Port Royal & the ¼ part in the mast, sayles, sailyards, anchors, cables, ropes, cords, guns, gunpowder, ammunition, shot & other instrument artillery, long boat, Cock boats, Canoa, tackle, apparel, furniture, & other things whatsoever to the said ship belonging"
October 1, 1683 - Port Royal - Morgan is removed from the Assembly of Jamaica and charged with "disorder, passions and miscarriages at Port Royal on various occasions and for countenancing sundry men in disloyalty to the Governor" (Back in England Lynch payed £50,000 to King Charles II to influence him).
October 5, 1683 - Parish of St.Mary - Morgan buys 58 acres of land
January(?) 1(?), 1684 - (while in Lawrencefield, Jamaica)(?) - An account of Morgan's exploits is published by Exquemelin, in a Dutch volume entitled "De Americaensche Zee-Roovers" (About the Buccaneers of America)
January(?) 1(?), 1685(?) - Lawrencefield, Jamaica(?) - Morgan takes steps to discredit the book and successfully brought a libel suit against the book's publishers William Crooke and Thomas Malthus. In his affidavit he stated that he had "against evil deeds, piracies and robberies the greatest abhorrence and distrust", and that "for the kind of men called buccaneers", he "always had and still has hatred". The court found in his favour and the book was retracted; damages of £200 were paid to him
December 18, 1687 - Port Royal - Lynch's permanent replacement, Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, arrives in Port Royal. He dismisses Molesworth and gives Morgan an unofficial role as advisor
June 5, 1688 - Port Royal - Meeting of the Council
June 17, 1688 - Lawrencefield - Morgan signs his last Will and Testament
July 12, 1688 - (While in Lawrencefield) - Morgan is formally readmitted in the Council of Jamaica after an absence of nearly 5 years
July 20, 1688 - (While in Lawrencefield) - Albemarle writes: "I have admitted Sir Henry Morgan to the Council pursuant to the King's order, but I am afraid that he will not live long, being extraordinarily ill."
August 8, 1688 - Lawrencefield - Morgan is too ill to attend the Assembly (Albemarle persuades the King to allow Morgan to regain his position). His health gradually gets worse until his death, because of heavy drinking (at least since 1681) and incompetent doctors
August 25, 1688 - Lawrencefield - Sir Henry Morgan dies, aged 53. =(END)
Bibliography
CRUIKSHANK, Brig-General E.A. - The Life of Sir Henry Morgan
POPE, Dudley - The Buccaneer King
POPE, Dudley - The Buccaneer King
THOMAS, Graham A. - The Buccaneer King
The property has ample parking for several coaches and coaster type buses and is safe and secure from vandals and idle passersby. South Coast jamaica
ReplyDeleteWhere can I find more information about Edward Collier, who was Sir Morgan’s second in command for many adventures.
ReplyDeleteI it will be a little difficult to find any significant biography about him, but it is possible to find bits of information in some books. To answer you quickly, maybe I would start by reading wikipedia and the encyclopedia britannica and then try reading the book "The Buccaneers in the West Indies in the XVII Century" by Clarence Henry Haring. Decicated biographies about Henry Morgan should also have pieces of information about Collier. Best Regards
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