Showing posts with label Battleships. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Battleships. Show all posts

Wednesday, 8 September 2021

Tirpitz (1941) | Timeline

Tirpitz was the second of two Bismarck-class battleships built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine (navy) prior to and during the Second World War. Named after Grand Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, the architect of the Kaiserliche Marine (Imperial Navy), the ship was laid down at the Kriegsmarinewerft Wilhelmshaven in November 1936 and her hull was launched two and a half years later. Work was completed in February 1941, when she was commissioned into the German fleet. Like her sister ship, Bismarck, Tirpitz was armed with a main battery of eight 38-centimetre (15 in) guns in four twin turrets. After a series of wartime modifications she was 2000 tonnes heavier than Bismarck, making her the heaviest battleship ever built by a European navy. (Intro from Wikipedia)

June 14, 1936 - Battleship "Tirpitz" is ordered
November 2, 1936 - Wilhelmshaven, Germany - "Tirpitz" is laid down at the Kriegsmarinewerft in Wilhelmshaven
April 1, 1939 - Wilhelmshaven - "Tirpitz" is launched and christened, with Adolf Hitler in attendance
February 3, 1941 - Wilhelmshaven - "Tirpitz" is commissioned, with Käpitan zur See Karl Topp in command =(START)
March 9, 1941 - Wilhelmshaven - Departs Wilhelmshaven for Kiel
March 10, 1941 - Brunsbüttel - Anchors at Brunsbüttel, to enter the Kiel Canal on the next day
March 13, 1941 - Kiel - Departs Kiel for Gotenhafen
March 14, 1941 - Gotenhafen - Arrives in Gotenhafen
March 20, 1941 - Off Gotenhafen - Sea trials
May 5, 1941 - Gotenhafen - Hitler and Wilhelm Keitel visit the "Bismarck" and the "Tirpitz" in Gotenhafen
May 22, 1941 - Kiel - Returns to Kiel to complete her outfitting
May 27, 1941 - While in Kiel - Sister-ship "Bismarck" is sunk in the North Atlantic Ocean
July 21, 1941 - Kiel - Drydocked at Deutsche Werke Kiel
August 2, 1941 - Kiel - Undocked
September 23, 1941 - Off Öland Island, Sweden -
A naval force under command of Vizeadmiral Otto Ciliax sails to prevent possible sorties of the soviet fleet from Leningrad. 
Battleship "Tirpitz", heavy cruiser "Admiral Scheer", light cruisers Emden, Köln, Leipzig and Nürnberg, 3 destroyers and 4 torpedo boats remain in patrol off the swedish island of Öland.
September 27, 1941 - Gotenhafen - Returns to Gotenhafen
November 1, 1941 - Kiel - Drydocked at Deutsche Werke Kiel
November 30, 1941 - Kiel - Undocked
December 21, 1941 - Gotenhafen - Returns to Gotenhafen
January 11, 1942 - Kiel - Returns to Kiel
January 12, 1942 - Kiel - Departs Kiel for Wilhelmshaven
January 14, 1942 - Wilhelmshaven - Arrives in Wilhelmshaven. Departs Wilhelmshaven for Norway at night for "Operation Polarnacht", escorted by 4 destroyers
January 16, 1942 - Trondheim, Norway - Arrives in Trondheim, Norway
January 30, 1942 - Trondheim - Seven British Stirlings and nine Halifaxes attempt to attack the "Tirpitz" in Fættenfjord but fail to locate the battleship
February 24, 1942 - Trondheim - Vizeadmiral Otto Ciliax and his staff embarks "Tirpitz"
March 6, 1942 - Trondheim - Departs Trondheim to intercept British convoys QP8 and PQ12 in the Arctic
March 8(?), 1942 - Off Narvik(?) - The convoys are warned and the ships scatter. Ciliax cancels "Operation Polarnacht" and returns to Trondheim
March 9, 1942 - Bogen Bay, near Narvik, Norway - "Tirpitz" is attacked by 12 Albacore torpedo biplanes from aircraft carrier "Victorious". The german battleship avoids all torpedoes and shoots down two albacores before anchoring in Bogen Bay, near Narvik
March 13, 1942 - Trondheim, Norway - Returns to Trondheim
March 30, 1942 - Trondheim - 33 RAF Halifax bombers attempt to attack "Tirpitz" in Fættenfjord without success. Six bombers are lost in the attack
April 27, 1942 - Trondheim - "Tirpitz" is attacked by 29 RAF Halifax and 11 Lancaster bombers in Fættenfjord without success. Five bombers are lost in the attack
April 28, 1942 - Trondheim - "Tirpitz" is attacked by 23 RAF Halifax and 11 Lancaster bombers in Fættenfjord without success. Two bombers are lost in the attack.
May 31, 1942 - Trondheim - Grand Admiral Erich Raeder visits the battleship and spends the night aboard
July 2, 1942 - Trondheim - Departs Trondheim under command of Admiral Otto Schniewind to attack the convoy PQ17, together with "Admiral Hipper", 4 destroyers and 2 torpedo boats
July 4, 1942 - Kåfjord, near Alta, Norway - The group joins "Admiral Scheer" in Kåfjord
July 5, 1942 - Off North Cape, Norway - Battleship "Tirpitz", Heavy cruisers "Admiral Scheer", "Admiral Hipper", the destroyers "Friedrich Ihn", "Richard Beitzen", Z24, Z27, Z28, Z29, Z30, and the torpedo boats T7 and T15 depart Kåfjord. Later, the Soviet submarine "K-21" attacks "Tirpitz" with torpedoes but obtains no hits. Schniewind cancels their mission and returns home with the battle group. Although the battle group does not engage the enemy, the Luftwaffe and the U-boats manage to sink 22 merchantmen carrying 430 tanks, 210 planes, 3,350 vehicles and over 99,000 tons of material.
July 8, 1942 - Bogen Bay, near Narvik, Norway - The group anchors in Bogen Bay, near Narvik
October 23, 1942 - Bogen Bay - Departs Bogen and sails to Trondheim
October 24, 1942 - Trondheim - Begins a refit in Trondheim
February 24, 1943 - Trondheim - Kapitän zur See Hans Meyer takes command of the ship
March 22, 1943 - Bogen Bay - Steams to Altafjord with "Scharnhorst" and "Lützow", escorted by 3 destroyers and 4 torpedo boats
March 24, 1943 - Kåfjord, near Alta, Norway - "Tirpitz", "Scharnhorst" and "Lützow" are transfered to Kåfjord, near Alta. Trials until July
April 1(?), 1943 - Bear Island, Arctic Ocean - Scharnhorst, Tirpitz and 9 destroyers conduct a training mission to Bear Island
April 12(?), 1943 - Kåfjord - Returns to Kåfjord. Fuel shortages prevent major operations for the next months
September 6, 1943 - Kåfjord - "Tirpitz", "Scharnhorst" and 9 destroyers depart Altafjord to attack the allied installation on the Island of Spitzbergen
September 8, 1943 - Off Spitzbergen - The group bombards Spitzbergen and destroys the port
September 9, 1943 - Kåfjord - Returns to Altafjord
September 22, 1943 - Kåfjord - "Tirpitz" is attacked by the British midget submarines X-5, X-6, and X-7 in Kåfjord. After passing through the protective torpedo nets, X-6 places two mines of two tons each under the battleship's keel, and X-7 another one. The three midget submarines are sunk but the damage sustained is important and the battleship is out of action for the next six months.
November 1(?), 1943 - Kåfjord - Repairs begin in the "Tirpitz" (until February 1944)
February 12, 1944 - Kåfjord - Attacked by 4 soviet bombers without success
April 3, 1944 - Kåfjord - "Tirpitz" is attacked by 40 bombers from the carriers "Victorious", "Furious", "Emperor", "Searcher", "Fencer", and "Pursuer". The ship is hit by 10 bombs of 225 kg and 4 of 775 kg. The damage is heavy and casualties amount to 122 dead and 316 wounded. Later, a second wave has no success.
May 1, 1944 - Kåfjord - Kapitän zur See Wolf Junge takes command of the ship
July 1, 1944 - Kåfjord - Begins trials with escorting destroyers
July 17, 1944 - Kåfjord - 44 Barracudas lift off from the British aircraft carriers Formidable, Indefatigable and Furious, however, the Germans are alerted and establish shore-based smoke screen, thwarting the attack
August 1, 1944 - Kåfjord - Finishes trials
August 22, 1944 - Kåfjord - "Tirpitz" is attacked by 32 Barracudas from british carriers "Indefatigable", "Furious", "Formidable", "Nabob", and "Trumpeter", with no success.
August 24, 1944 - Kåfjord - "Tirpitz" is attacked by 33 Barracudas from british carriers "Indefatigable", "Furious", and "Formidable". Two bombs hit the ship, causing 8 dead and 13 wounded.
August 29, 1944 - Kåfjord - "Tirpitz" is attacked by 26 british Barracudas, with no success.
September 15, 1944 - Kåfjord - "Tirpitz" is attacked by 27 british Lancasters from Yagodnik near Archangel. The battleship is hit on the forecastle by a 5.4-ton "Tallboy" bomb. The damage is severe and the battleship requires extensive repairs
October 15, 1944 - South of Håkøya Island, W. of Tromsø, Norway - After temporary repairs in the bow, the Tirpitz leaves Kåfjord/Altafjord and sails at 8 knots to Tromsø where she anchors off Håkøya Island to remain there as a floating battery.
October 29, 1944 - South of Håkøya Island - "Tirpitz" is attacked by 32 british Lancasters of the famous 617th Dam Buster Squadron, without success.
November 4, 1944 - South of Håkøya Island, W. of Tromsø - Kapitän zur See Robert Weber takes command of the ship
November 12, 1944 - South of Håkøya Island, W. of Tromsø, Norway - "Tirpitz" is attacked by 32 british Lancaster bombers. The battleship is hit by two "Tallboy" bombs on the port side amidship and  capsizes, causing 971 dead =(END)

Bismarck (1940) | Timeline

Bismarck was the first of two Bismarck-class battleships built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. Named after Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, the ship was laid down at the Blohm & Voss shipyard in Hamburg in July 1936 and launched in February 1939. Work was completed in August 1940, when she was commissioned into the German fleet. Bismarck and her sister ship Tirpitz were the largest battleships ever built by Germany, and two of the largest built by any European power. (Intro from Wikipedia)

November 16, 1935 - Battleship "Bismarck" is ordered
July 1, 1937 - Hamburg, Germany - "Bismarck" is laid down at the Blohm & Voss shipyard
February 14, 1939 - Hamburg - "Bismarck" is launched and christened, with Adolf Hitler in attendance
June 23, 1940 - Hamburg - Drydocked for installation of the propellers
July 14, 1940 - Hamburg - Undocked
August 24, 1940 - Hamburg - "Bismarck" is commissioned, with Käpitan zur See Ernst Lindemann in command =(START)
September 15, 1940 - Hamburg - "Bismarck" departs Hamburg for sea trials in Kiel Bay
September 17, 1940 - Kiel - Arrives in Kiel
September 28, 1940 - Gotenhafen (today Gdynia, Poland) - Escorted to Gotenhafen, via Cape Arkona (Island of Rügen) for trials in the Gulf of Danzig
December 5, 1940 - Gotenhafen - Grand Admiral Raeder visits the "Bismarck"
December 9, 1940 - Hamburg - Returns to Hamburg, via Kiel Canal
March 9, 1941 - Kiel - "Bismarck" reaches Kiel. A coat of "dazzle paint" is applied to camouflage her
Bismarck, March 9th, 1941
March 12, 1941 - Kiel - British bombers attack Kiel harbour without success
March 17, 1941 - Gotenhafen - Battleship "Schlesien" escorts "Bismarck" to Gotenhafen
May 5, 1941 - Gotenhafen - Hitler and Wilhelm Keitel visit the "Bismarck" and the "Tirpitz" in Gotenhafen
May 19, 1941 - Gotenhafen - "Bismarck" leaves Gotenhafen, bound for the North Atlantic. She is joined by the cruiser "Prinz Eugen" and three destroyers
May 20, 1941 - Kattegat (between Denmark and Sweden) - "Bismarck" and "Prinz Eugen" are shadowed by swedish cruiser "HSwMS Gotland"
May 21, 1941 - Bergen, Norway - "Bismarck" and "Prinz Eugen" reach Bergen and anchor at Grimstadfjord
May 22, 1941 - Off Trondheim, Norway - The three escorting destroyers return to Germany, while "Bismarck" and "Prinz Eugen" turn to the Denmark Strait to attempt the break-out into the open Atlantic
May 23, 1941 - Denmark Strait - "Bismarck" and "Prinz Eugen" reach the Denmark Strait
May 24, 1941 - SW of Denmark Strait - Battle of the Denmark Strait. "HMS Hood" is sunk, following a catastrophic explosion when hit by the "Bismarck". 1,415 officers and men are killed. Only three men survive. Before the end of the day, "Bismarck" and the "HMS rince of Wales" engage in a brief artillery duel, but neither score a hit. Swordfish torpedo-bombers from the aircraft carrier "HMS Victorious" attack "Bismarck", but only one of nine torpedoes hit the german battleship, slowing her down for a few hours. "Prinz Eugen" receives orders to detach from "Bismarck"
May 25, 1941 - SW of Iceland - Lütjens increases speed and manoeuvers "Bismarck" to the west and then north. About an hour later, the german battleship turns to the SE and sails to Saint-Nazaire behind her persuers, who loose contact with "Bismarck"
May 26, 1941 - 690 nmi NW of Brest - "Bismarck" is spotted by a US Navy Catalina, some 690 nmi (1,280 km; 790 mi) NW of Brest. The only option for the british was the use of Swordfish torpedo bombers from the aircraft carrier "HMS Ark Royal". Two air attacks are launched. On the second, a torpedo strikes "Bismarck" in her stern on the port side, near the port rudder shaft. With the port rudder jammed, Lütjens reports that the ship is unmanoeuvrable
May 27, 1941 - SW of Ireland and NW of Spain - "Bismarck" is attacked by the british battleships "HMS King George V" and "HMS Rodney" and heavy cruisers "HMS Dorsetshire" and "HMS Norfolk". The german battleship manages to hit some of his attackers but begins suffering heavy damage, including a direct hit on the command superstructure that might have killed Lindemann and Lütjens among hundreds of sailors. The battleship is devastated but the hull is virtually undamaged under the waterline. The germans abandon the ship, open the ship's watertight doors and prepare demolition charges so that the british would not board the battleship. When the charges detonate, "Bismarck" capsizes slowly and sinks by the stern, being also hit by a torpedo from "HMS Dorsetshire". 115 of a 2,221-man crew survive =(END)

Monday, 6 September 2021

Musashi (1942) | Timeline

Musashi (武蔵), named after the former Japanese province, was one of three Yamato-class battleships built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), beginning in the late 1930s. The Yamato-class ships were the heaviest and most powerfully armed battleships ever constructed, displacing almost 72,000 long tons (73,000 t) fully loaded and armed with nine 46-centimetre (18.1 in) main guns. Their secondary armament consisted of four 15.5-centimetre (6.1 in) triple-gun turrets formerly used by the Mogami-class cruisers. They were equipped with six or seven floatplanes to conduct reconnaissance. (Intro from Wikipedia)

March 1(?), 1937 - Two new 72,800-ton battleships are ordered
March 29, 1938 - Nagasaki, Japan - Laid down at Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Nagasaki
November 1, 1940 - Nagasaki - "Musashi" is launched
May 26, 1941 - Nagasaki - Fitting out completed
July 2, 1941 - Sasebo, Japan - Towed to Sasebo. "Musashi" is drydocked to install rudder and propellers
August 2, 1941 - Nagasaki - Towed to Nagasaki
September 15, 1941 - Nagasaki - Captain Arima Kaoru is appointed Chief Equipping Officer
October 6, 1941 - Nagasaki - First turret and 460mm guns arrive to the shipyard
December 8, 1941 - Nagasaki - All 460mm guns and turrets installed
May 21, 1942 - Kure, Hiroshima - "Musashi" arrives in Kure with 1,500 Mitsubishi workers aboard
May 26, 1942 - Kure - Drydocked (until 9th June)
June 18, 1942 - Off Cape Sata (Sata Misaki, southernmost tip of Kyushu) - Sea trials off Cape Sata (until June 26th)
June 27, 1942 - Kure - Installation of AA guns
July 24, 1942 - Iyo Nada Sea (near Oita) - Sea trials
July 30, 1942 - Kure - Returns to Kure
August 5, 1942 - Nagasaki, Japan - "Musashi" is commissioned. The Battleship is assigned to the Battleship Division 1, with Yamato =(START)
August 10, 1942 - Hashirajima - Moves to Hashirajima
August 18, 1942 - Heigun Island, Iyo Nada Sea - Departs for Heigun Island in Iyo Nada Sea
August 20, 1942 - Hashirajima - Returns to Hashirajima
September 3, 1942 - Kure, Hiroshima - Arrives in Kure to install an air-search radar
September 29, 1942 - Hashirajima - Returns to Hashirajima
October 2, 1942 - Heigun Island, Iyo Nada - Departs for Heigun Island in Iyo Nada, Inland Sea
October 7, 1942 - Hashirajima - Returns to Hashirajima
October 20, 1942 - Hashirajima - Two-day AA exercises
October 28, 1942 - Suo Nada Sea - Exercises in Suo Nada Sea with other IJN units
November 1, 1942 - Kure, Hiroshima - Arrives in Kure
November 3, 1942 - Hashirajima - Returns to Hashirajima
November 20, 1942 - Suo Nada Sea - Departs for exercises
November 29, 1942 - Murozumi, Yamaguchi - Arrives at Murozumi, Yamaguchi, Inland Sea
December 1, 1942 - Tokuyama, Japan - Refuelling at Tokuyama Bay
December 3, 1942 - Hashirajima - Returns to Hashirajima
December 22, 1942 - Kure, Hiroshima - Arrives in Kure
Yamato and Musashi moored in Truk Atoll, 1943
January 18, 1943 - Kure -
 Departs Kure for Truk Atoll
January 22, 1943 - Truk Atoll (Chuuk Lagoon), 1,100 miles (1,800km) NE of New Guinea - Arrives at Truk Atoll
February 11, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Relieves her sister ship "Yamato" as the flagship of the Combined Fleet
April 3, 1943 - While at Truk Atoll - Admiral Yamamoto shifts his headquarters from Truk to Rabaul in New Britain to supervise operation "I-GO" from 7 to 14 April. He is expected to return to "Musashi" on April 19th
April 18, 1943 - While in Truk - Admiral Yamamoto is killed when his Mitsubishi GM4 "Betty" is shot down over Buin, New Guinea, by US P-38s
April 23, 1943 - Truk Atoll - The ashes of Yamamoto and six of his staff officers are transfered to the Admiral's sea cabin
April 25, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Admiral Koga Mineichi arrives from Yokosuka for an inspection tour
May 17, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Departs Truk for Yokosuka in Admiral Koga's naval force
May 22, 1943 - Yokosuka, Japan - Anchors at Kisarazu Bight and Yamamoto's ashes are delivered.
June 9, 1943 - Yokosuka - Captain Komura Keizo is appointed commander of Musashi
Emperor Hirohito visits Musashi
June 24, 1943 - Yokosuka -
 Battleship "Musashi" is visited by the Emperor Hirohito
June 25, 1943 - Yokosuka - Departs Yokosuka for Kure
June 27, 1943 - Kure, Hiroshima - Arrives in Kure
July 1, 1943 - Kure - Drydocked (until July 8th)
July 14, 1943 - Hashirajima - Trials at Hashirajima
July 30, 1943 - Kure, Hiroshima - Departs Kure for Yokosuka
July 31, 1943 - Yokosuka, Japan - Departs Yokosuka for Truk Atoll
August 5, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Koga's fleet is attacked by submarine USS Steelhead, NW of Truk Atoll, but the attack is ineffective and the Japanese reach Truk without any damage
September 18, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Admiral Koga remains at Truk in the Fleet's flagship "Musashi"
October 17, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Admiral Koga departs Truk to intercept the american carriers of Task Force 14 attacking Wake Island, with battleships "Yamato" and "Musashi" together in the fleet
October 19, 1943 - Brown Atoll, Eniwetok - Arrives at Brown Atoll, Eniwetok
October 23, 1943 - 250 miles S. of Wake Island - The fleet moves to a position 250 miles south of Wake Island, but returns to Brown Atoll after no contact is made with american forces
October 26, 1943 - Truk Atoll - The fleet returns to Truk
December 6, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Captain Asakura Bunji is appointed Commander of "Musashi"
February 4, 1944 - Truk Atoll - "Musashi" is photographed at Truk by US photo-reconnaissance planes
February 10, 1944 - Truk Atoll - Departs Truk for Yokosuka
February 15, 1944 - Yokosuka, Japan - Arrives in Yokosuka
February 22, 1944 - Yokosuka - Departs Yokosuka with soldiers and supplies for the garrison of Palau
February 25, 1944 - in route to Palau (facing a Typhoon) - "Yamato" and "Musashi" are reassigned from the 1st Fleet to the 2nd Fleet
February 29, 1944 - Palau - Arrives at Palau
March 11, 1944 - Palau - Supply ship "Kitakami Maru" arrives with supplies for "Musashi"
March 29, 1944 - Palau - Departs Palau. "Musashi" sustains moderate damage near the bow from one torpedo fired by the submarine "USS Tunny". Antecipating an american air strike, Koga orders "Musashi" to sail to Kure instead of returning to Palau
April 3, 1944 - Kure, Hiroshima - Arrives in Kure
April 10, 1944 - Kure - Drydocked for repairs and refitting
April 27, 1944 - Western Inland Sea - Undocked. Sails to Japan's western Inland Sea for tests
May 1, 1944 - Saeki, Hiroshima - Moves to Saeki
May 11, 1944 - Saeki - Departs Saeki for Okinawa
May 12, 1944 - Nakagusuku, Okinawa - "Musashi" arrives at Okinawa, unloads her cargo and sets sail for the Mobile Fleet's operating base at Tawi Tawi, SW Philippines
May 16, 1944 - Tawi Tawi Island, SW Philippines - Arrives at Tawi Tawi Island
June(?) 1(?), 1944 - Tawi Tawi Island - "Yamato" and "Musashi" in Joint gunnery exercises during May-June
June 10, 1944 - Tawi Tawi Island - "Yamato" and "Musashi" depart Tawi Tawi for Batjan, Halmahera Island. They are spotted by submarine "USS Harder" which is also detected by the battleships. "Yamato" and "Musashi" almost collide during evasive manoeuvers
June 12, 1944 - Batjan, Halmahera Island - Ugaki's force arrives at Batjan
June 13, 1944 - Batjan - Ugaki's force departs Batjan to rendezvous with the Mobile Fleet
June 15, 1944 - E. of Mindanao, Philippines - Ugaki's group is sighted by submarine "USS Seahorse"
June 16, 1944 - Philippine Sea - Joins the Mobile Fleet. Later, the fleet is sighted by submarine USS Cavalla
June 19, 1944 - Philippine Sea - Battle of the Philippine Sea - American victory
June 22, 1944 - Nakagusuku, Okinawa - The mobile fleet reaches Nakagusuku, Okinawa
June 24, 1944 - Hashirajima - The mobile fleet arrives at Hashirajima
June 29, 1944 - Kure, Hiroshima - Departs Hashirajima for Kure, together with "Yamato" and arrives on the same day
July 8, 1944 - Kure - "Yamato" and "Musashi" load 3,522 men and supplies of the IJA's 106th Infantry regiment and depart Kure for Okinawa
July 10, 1944 - Okinawa - "Yamato" and "Musashi" depart Okinawa for Lingga to join the Mobile Fleet
July 17, 1944 - Lingga Island, S. of Singapore - "Yamato" and "Musashi" arrive at Lingga
August 12, 1944 - Lingga Island - Captain Inoguchi Toshihira is appointed commander of "Musashi"
September 16, 1944 - Lingga Island - "Musashi" is replenished by the supply ship "Kitakami Maru"
September 24, 1944 - Lingga Island - "Musashi" receives fresh provisions from the supply ship "Kitakami Maru"
October 1, 1944 - Galang Island, S. of Singapore - "Yamato" and "Musashi" move north to Galang Island, closer to Singapore
October 7, 1944 - Galang Island - "Musashi" receives fresh provisions from the supply ship "Kitakami Maru"
October 18, 1944 - Lingga Island - Black deck camouflage is applied on "Yamato" and "Musashi" to attempt a night breakthrough in the San Bernardino Strait. "Yamato" and "Musashi" return to Lingga Island
Musashi under attack
October 19, 1944 - Lingga Island - The fleet departs Lingga for Brunei Bay, Borneo to refuel
October 22, 1944 - Bruney Bay, Borneo - Admiral Kurita Takeo's First Mobile Striking Force departs Brunei for the Philippines (Battle of Leyte Gulf)
October 23, 1944 - Palawan Passage, Philippines - Battle of the Palawan Passage
October 24, 1944 - Visayan Sea, Philippines - "Musashi" is attacked and sunk by US dive bombers during the Battle of the Sibuyan Sea, taking 17 bomb and 19 torpedo hits, with the loss of 1,023 of her 2,399-man crew =(END)

Sunday, 5 September 2021

Yamato (1941) | Timeline

Yamato (大和) was the lead ship of her class of battleships built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) shortly before World War II. She and her sister ship, Musashi, were the heaviest and most powerfully armed battleships ever constructed, displacing 72,800 tonnes at full load and armed with nine 46 cm (18.1 in) Type 94 main guns, which were the largest guns ever mounted on a warship. (Intro from Wikipedia)

March 1(?), 1937 - Two new 72,800-ton battleships are ordered
November 4, 1937 - Kure, Hiroshima - Laid down at the Kure Naval Arsenal, Hiroshima
August 8, 1940 - Kure - Launched with Captain Miyazato Shutoku in command
January 18, 1941 - Seto Inland Sea - Two-day gunnery trials in Seto Inland Sea with battleship "Mutsu"
August 12, 1941 - Kure, Hiroshima - Departs Kure for more sea trials
September 5, 1941 - Kure - Fitting out. Captain Miyazato Shutoku is appointed her Chief Equipping officer
October 15, 1941 - Kure - Captain Miyazato Shutoku is promoted to Rear Admiral
October 20, 1941 - Bungo Channel (between Kyushu and Shikoku Islands) - Sea trials near Bungo Channel
October 30, 1941 - Off Sukumo, Japan - Sea trials off Sukumo
November 1, 1941 - Kure, Hiroshima - Rear Admiral Miyazato is reassigned as Chief of Personnel for Kure Naval district. Captain Takayanagi Gihachi is appointed Yamato's Chief Equipping Officer
December 7, 1941 - Seto Inland Sea - Departs Kure for gunnery tests in the Seto Inland Sea
December 16, 1941 - Kure, Hiroshima - The "Yamato" is commissioned and joins battleships "Nagato" and "Mutsu" in the 1st Battleship Division. Captain Takayanagi becomes the commanding officer =(START)
December 21, 1941 - Hashirajima - Departs Kure for Hiroshima Bay. Anchors W. of Nagato, at Hashirajima
February 12, 1942 - Hashirajima - Departs Kure and arrives at Hashirajima. "Yamato" becomes the flagship of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto's Combined Fleet
February 19, 1942 - Hashirajima - Battleship division 1 departs Hashirajima for a day's training in the Iyo Nada. The next 4 days are spent in war games
March 9, 1942 - Admiral Yamamoto issues orders to the fleet to prepare for Operation "C", a raid into the Indian Ocean
March 30, 1942 - Seto Inland Sea - Gunnery trials
April 11, 1942 - Seto Inland Sea - The ship is visited by Fleet Admiral Prince Fushimi Hiroyasu
May 1, 1942 - While in the Inland Sea - Captain Takayanagi is promoted to Rear Admiral
May 19, 1942 - Kure, Hiroshima - Departs Kure for battle training
May 23, 1942 - Hashirajima - Returns to Hashirajima
May 29, 1942 - Hashirajima - Admiral Yamamoto departs Hiroshima Bay aboard the "operational" Yamato
June 4, 1942 - Off Midway Atoll - Battle of Midway - Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto directs the fleet from Yamato's bridge during the Battle - Decisive American Victory
June 5, 1942 - Off Midway Atoll - Yamamoto cancels Operation Midway and orders the remaining ships to return to Japan
June 10, 1942 - 100 miles NNE of Minami-Torishima (1200 miles SE of Tokyo) - An american submarine fires two torpedoes at "Yamato" but misses
June 14, 1942 - Hashirajima - The japanese fleet returns to Hashirajima
June 20, 1942 - Hashirajima - Two-day Staff Conference aboard "Yamato" to discuss changes in IJN shipbuilding policy
August 5, 1942 - Hashirajima - Sister-ship "Musashi" is assigned to the Battleship Division 1, with "Yamato"
August 10, 1942 - Hashirajima - Meeting aboard the "Yamato" with Admiral Yamamoto, Kondo and Nagumo
August 17, 1942 - Kure, Hiroshima - "Yamato" departs for Truk Atoll
August 28, 1942 - Truk Atoll (Chuuk Lagoon), 1,100 miles (1,800km) NE of New Guinea - "Yamato" is sighted by the American submarine USS Flying Fish, which fires four torpedoes, all of which miss; "Yamato" arrives safely at Truk Atoll later that day
September 9, 1942 - Summer (Dublon) Island - The combined fleet's main units are transfered to a new anchorage south of Summer (Dublon) Island, Truk Atoll
October 17, 1942 - Truk Atoll - "Yamato" and "Mutsu" transfer 4,500-tons of fuel oil to Oiler "Kenyo Maru" for her to refuel IJN warships involved in Guadalcanal operations
November 1, 1942 - Truk Atoll - Celebration dinner aboard "Yamato" for all captains at Truk to celebrate IJN's victory at the Battle of Santa Cruz
December 17, 1942 - Truk Atoll - Rear Admiral Takayanagi is reassigned. Captain Matsuda Chiaki assumes command of "Yamato"
February 11, 1943 - Truk Atoll - "Yamato" is replaced by her sister-ship "Musashi" as flagship of the Combined Fleet
April 18, 1943 - While in Truk - Admiral Yamamoto is killed when his Mitsubishi GM4 "Betty" is shot down over Buin, New Guinea, by US P-38s
April 23, 1943 - Truk Atoll - The ashes of Yamamoto and six of his staff officers aretransfered to the Admiral's sea cabin
April 25, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Admiral Koga Mineichi arrives from Yokosuka for an inspection tour
Yamato and Musashi moored in Truk Atoll
May 1, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Captain Matsuda is promoted to Read Admiral
May 8, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Departs Truk for Yokosuka
May 13, 1943 - Yokosuka, Japan - Arrives in Yokosuka
May 14, 1943 - Kure, Hiroshima - Arrives in Kure
May 21, 1943 - Kure - Drydocked for inspection and general repairs
May 30, 1943 - Seto Inland Sea - Undocked. Sails to Japan's Seto Inland Sea
July 12, 1943 - Kure, Hiroshima - Drydocked for refitting and upgrades, including the redution of the fuel storage, the installation of an air and surface search radar, twelve new 25-mm AA guns and additional armor.
July 16, 1943 - Kure - Visit by the german Attaché to Tokyo, Konteradmiral Paul Wenneker
July 17, 1943 - Kure - Undocked
August 16, 1943 - Kure | Yashima, Japan - Sets sail to Truk in a Task Group, loaded with troops and supplies. Reaches Yashima at the end of the day
August 17, 1943 - Yashima - Continues to Truk Atoll, via Yokosuka
August 23, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Arrives at Truk Atoll
September 7, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Rear Admiral Matsuda is reassigned. Captain Ono Takeji assumes command of the ship
September 18, 1943 - Truk Atoll - The fleet departs Truk to Brown Island, Eniwetok in response to raids of Tarawa, Makin and Abemama Atolls launched by the US Task Force 15 carriers (Lexington, Princeton and Belleau Wood)
September 25, 1943 - Truk Atoll - The fleet returns to Truk after no contact is made with Task Force 15
October 17, 1943 - Truk Atoll - Admiral Koga departs Truk to intercept the american carriers of Task Force 14 attacking Wake Island, with battleships "Yamato" and "Musashi" together in the fleet
October 19, 1943 - Brown Atoll, Eniwetok - Arrives at Brown Atoll, Eniwetok
October 23, 1943 - 250 miles S. of Wake Island - The fleet moves to a position 250 miles south of Wake Island, but returns to Brown Atoll after no contact is made with american forces
October 26, 1943 - Truk Atoll - The fleet returns to Truk
December 12, 1943 - Truk Atoll - "Yamato" departs Truk to Yokosuka, covering troop transport operation "BO-1"
December 13, 1943 - On the way to Japan - US code-breakers discover that "Yamato" is scheduled to return to Truk on December 25th
December 17, 1943 - Yokosuka, Japan - Arrives in Yokosuka to load supplies and the 2nd battalion of the IJA's 1st independent Mixed Regiment
December 20, 1943 - Yokosuka - Departs Yokosuka for Truk
December 25, 1943 - 180 miles NE of Truk | Truk Atoll - "Yamato" is his by at least one Mark 14-3A torpedo on the starboard, fired by submarine "USS Skate". The detonation rips a hole and the ship takes about 3,000-tons of water. The transport mission is aborted and Yamato reached Truk later that day
January 10, 1944 - Truk Atoll - Departs Truk for Kure when repairs are completed
January 16, 1944 - Kure, Hiroshima - Arrives in Kure and is drydocked. During her voyage from Truk to Kure, no less than 3 US submarines intercept her but are unable to attack her due to Yamato's speed of 24knots
January 25, 1944 - Kure - Captain Morishita Nobuei replaces Rear Admiral Ono in command
February 3, 1944 - Kure - Undocked
February 25, 1944 - Kure - "Yamato" and "Musashi" are reassigned from the 1st Fleet to the 2nd Fleet. Drydocked for installation of new AA turrets and new air search radar
March 18, 1944 - Kure - Undocked
April 11, 1944 - Kure | Hashirajima, Japan - Departs for trials in the Seto Inland Sea. Returns to Hashirajima in the evening
April 17, 1944 - Kure - Returns to Kure to load supplies
April 21, 1944 - Kure - Departs Kure for Okinoshima
April 22, 1944 - Okinoshima Island, SW of Kochi - Loads troops and departs Okinoshima
April 28, 1944 - Manila, Philippines - Arrives in Manila and unloads troops and supplies before departing in the same day
May 1, 1944 - Lingga Island, S. of Singapore - Arrives at Lingga Island, south of Singapore
May 3, 1944 - Lingga Island - Becomes the flagship of Vice Admiral Ugaki Matome
May 11, 1944 - Lingga Island - Departs Lingga for Tawi Tawi Island
May 14, 1944 - Tawi Tawi Island, SW Philippines - Anchors at Tawi Tawi Island
June(?) 1(?), 1944 - Tawi Tawi - "Yamato" and "Musashi" in Joint gunnery exercises during May-June
June 7, 1944 - Tawi Tawi - Supply ship "Kitakami Maru" arrives with supplies for "Yamato"
June 10, 1944 - Tawi Tawi - "Yamato" and "Musashi" depart Tawi Tawi for Batjan, Halmahera Island. They are spotted by submarine "USS Harder" which is also detected by the battleships. "Yamato" and "Musashi" almost collide during evasive manoeuvers
June 12, 1944 - Batjan, Halmahera Island - Ugaki's force arrives at Batjan
June 13, 1944 - Batjan - Ugaki's force departs Batjan to rendezvous with the Mobile Fleet
June 15, 1944 - E. of Mindanao, Philippines - Ugaki's group is sighted by submarine "USS Seahorse"
June 17, 1944 - Philippine Sea - "Yamato" is refuelled and joins the Mobile Fleet. Later, the fleet is sighted by submarine "USS Cavalla"
June 19, 1944 - Philippine Sea - Battle of the Philippine Sea - American victory
June 22, 1944 - Nakagusuku, Okinawa - The mobile fleet reaches Nakagusuku, Okinawa
June 24, 1944 - Hashirajima - The mobile fleet arrives at Hashirajima
June 29, 1944 - Kure, Hiroshima - Departs Hashirajima for Kure, together with "Musashi" and arrives on the same day
July 2, 1944 - Kure - "Yamato" is refuelled. Five triple-mount 25mm AA guns are installed and the entire hinoki deck is replaced (until July 8th)
July 8, 1944 - Kure - "Yamato" and "Musashi" load 3,522 men and supplies of the IJA's 106th Infantry regiment and depart Kure for Okinawa
July 10, 1944 - Okinawa - "Yamato" and "Musashi" depart Okinawa for Lingga to join the Mobile Fleet
July 17, 1944 - Lingga Island, S. of Singapore - "Yamato" and "Musashi" arrive at Lingga
September 1, 1944 - Lingga Island - "Yamato" is replenished by the supply ship "Kitakami Maru"
September 15, 1944 - Lingga Island - "Yamato" receives fresh provisions from the supply ship "Kitakami Maru"
October 1, 1944 - Galang Island, S. of Singapore - "Yamato" and "Musashi" move north to Galang Island, closer to Singapore
October 6, 1944 - Galang Island - "Yamato" receives fresh provisions from the supply ship "Kitakami Maru"
October 15, 1944 - Galang Island - Captain Morishita is promoted to Rear Admiral
October 18, 1944 - Lingga Island, S. of Singapore - Black deck camouflage is applied on "Yamato" and "Musashi" to attempt a night breakthrough in the San Bernardino Strait. "Yamato" and "Musashi" return to Lingga Island
October 19, 1944 - Lingga Island - The fleet departs Lingga for Brunei Bay, Borneo to refuel
October 22, 1944 - Brunei Bay, Borneo - Admiral Kurita Takeo's First Mobile Striking Force departs Brunei for the Philippines (Battle of Leyte Gulf)
October 23, 1944 - Palawan Passage, Philippines - Battle of the Palawan Passage
October 24, 1944 - Sibuyan Sea, Philippines - Battle of the Sibuyan Sea - "Yamato" is attacked by US Curtiss SB2C Helldivers and Grumman F6F Hellcats. A first attack hits the ship with two bombs. A while later, a second attack hits "Yamato" with 5 bombs. The ship is flooded with 3,000 tons of seawater and takes on a five-degree list to port. Damage Control counterfloods reduces the list to one degree.
October 25, 1944 - San Bernardino Strait, Philippines - Battle of Samar - American victory
October 26, 1944 - Tablas Strait, off Panay - The force is attacked by about 50 Curtiss SB2C Helldivers and Avenger Torpedo Planes from "USS Hornet". "Yamato" is hit by another 2 bombs. Later, the gun crews claim several B-24 Liberator shot down
October 28, 1944 - Brunei Bay, Borneo - Force "A" arrives in Brunei and refuels from oilers
November 8, 1944 - Brunei Bay - "Yamato" departs Brunei to Pratas Island to avoid air raids
November 15, 1944 - Bruney Bay - Returns to Brunei
November 16, 1944 - Bruney Bay - Departs Brunei for Kure
November 21, 1944 - SE of Japan - The "Yamato" group is attacked by US submarine USS Sealion
November 23, 1944 - Kure, Hiroshima - Arrives in Kure
November 25, 1944 - Kure - Drydocked for battle damage repairs and refitting. Captain Aruga Kosaku assumes command from Rear Admiral Morishita
January 3, 1945 - Kure - Undocked
January 15, 1945 - Hashirajima - Moves to Hashirajima
March 13, 1945 - Hashirajima - "Yamato" fires by mistake on N1K2-J Shiden Kai "George" fighters on patrol
March 19, 1945 - Underway in the Seto Inland Sea - First american carrier attack on the Kure Naval Arsenal. More than 240 aircraft attack the japanese ships. Yamato, underway in the Inland Sea sustains minor damage from a hit on its bridge by a Helldiver dive-bomber from USS Intrepid
March 28, 1945 - Tokuyama, Japan - "Yamato" is replenished by the tanker "Mitsushima Maru" at Tokuyama Navy Fuel Depot, Yamaguchi Prefecture
March 29, 1945 - Kure, Hiroshima - "Yamato" awaits orders in Kure and is supplied with ammunition and more fuel
April 2, 1945 - Kure - Departs Kure for an anchorage at Mitajiri, with 67 naval cadets of Etajima class No.74
April 5, 1945 - Mitajiri, Hofu, Yamaguchi - New orders are received: "The Surface Special Attack Unit is ordered to proceed via Bungo Suido Channel at dawn on Y-1 day to reach the prescribed holding position for a high-speed run-in to the area west of Okinawa at dawn on Y-day. Your mission is to attack the enemy fleet and supply train and destroy them. Y-day is April 8th". The Naval cadets are sent ashore after a farewell party is held aboard
April 6, 1945 - Tokuyama, Japan -
 Departs Tokuyama for the "Operation TEN-ICHI-GO" (Attack on American Invasion Forces at Okinawa)
April 7, 1945 - 180 miles (290km) SW of Kyushu - Battleship "Yamato" is attacked and sunk en-route by 386 American carrier aircraft. After receiving 10 torpedo and 7 bomb hits she capsized, taking 2,498 of the 2,700 crew-members with her, including Vice-Admiral Seiichi Itō =(END)

Wednesday, 22 April 2020

Potemkin (1905) | Timeline

The Russian battleship Potemkin was a pre-dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial Russian Navy's Black Sea Fleet. She became famous when the crew rebelled against the officers in June 1905 (during that year's revolution), which is now viewed as a first step towards the Russian Revolution of 1917. The mutiny later formed the basis of Sergei Eisenstein's 1925 silent film The Battleship Potemkin. (Intro from Wikipedia)

June 12, 1897 - The design for the new pre-dreadnought battleship "Potemkin" is approved
December 27, 1897 - Nikolayev, Ukraine - Construction of the "Potemkin" begins
October 28, 1898 - Nikolayev - "Potemkin" is laid down
October 9, 1900 - Nikolayev - "Potemkin" is launched
July 4, 1902 - Sevastopol - Transfered to Sevastopol for fitting out
September 1(?), 1903 - Off Crimea - Begins sea trials
December 20, 1903 - Sevastopol - Commission deadline is foiled by a fire in the boiler room
May 1(?), 1905 - Sevastopol - Battleship "Potemkin" is commissioned =(START)
June 27, 1905 - near Tendra Spit, off the Ukranian coast | Odessa - While at gunnery practice near Tendra Spit off the ukraninan coast, an uprising begins when the ship's second in command threatens to shoot crew members for their refusal to eat the borscht made from rotten maggoty meat. The officer is killed after he kills one o the mutiny's leaders, Grigory Vakulinchuk. Seven of the ship's 18 officers are killed, including the captain. A torpedo boat "Ismail" is captured and the mutineers organize a committee of 25 sailors, led by Afanasi Matushenko, to run the battleship. They decide to head for Odessa flying a red flag
June 29, 1905 - Odessa - Vakulinchuk's funeral turns into a political demonstration and the army attempts to ambush the sailors. In retaliation, the ship fires at the theatre where a high-level military meeting was scheduled to take place, but misses
June 30, 1905 - Odessa - "Potemkin" departs from Odessa to meet three battleships sent to force the crew to surrender or sink the ship
July 1, 1905 - Off Odessa - The mutineers, together with the "Ismail" decide to sail for Constanța, Romania, to restock coal, water and food. The romanians refuse and send the cruiser "Elisabeta" to the area
July 5, 1905 - Theodosia, Crimea - "Potemkin" arrives at Theodosia, but the governor refuses to give them anything other than food.
July 6, 1905 - Theodosia, Crimea - The mutineers attempt to seize several barges of coal, but the port's garrison ambushes them and kills or captures 22 sailors. "Potemkin" departs for Constanța
July 7, 1905 - Constanța, Romania - "Potemkin" arrives at Constanța. The romanians agree to give asylum to the crew if they disarm themselves and surrender the ship. The crew accepts the terms, however, Matushenko orders the ship's kingston valves to be opened so she would sink. At the same time, the crew of the "Ismail" decides to sails back to Sevastopol and turn themselves in.
July 9, 1905 -  Constanța, Romania - Real Admiral Pisarevsky reaches Constanța to negotiate the return of the ship to the russians. "Potemkin", was half sunk in the harbour and flying the romanian flag
July 10, 1905 - Constanța, Romania - After being refloated, "Potemkin" begins being towed to Sevastopol, due to the damage in her engines and boliers made by salt water 
July 14, 1905 - Sevastopol - Potemkin arrives in Sevastopol
October 12, 1905 - Sevastopol - Potemkin is renamed "Panteleimon"
February 1(?), 1909 - Sevastopol - "Panteleimon" receives an experimental underwater communications set
June 11, 1909 - "Panteleimon" accidentally rams and sinks the submarine "Kambala" at night, killing all 16 crewmen aboard
October 2, 1911 - "Panteleimon" runs aground while returning from a port visit to Constanța
January 10, 1912 - Sevastopol(?) - "Panteleimon" begins being extensively repaired, with replacement of boiler foundations, plating and a large number of its hull frames
April 25, 1912 - Sevastopol(?) - Repairs completed
November 17, 1914 - Off Trebizond, Ottoman Empire - A russian naval force, including "Panteleimon", attacks the ottoman port of Trebizond
November 18, 1914 - Off Cape Sarych, Crimea - The russian force is intercepted on their way back to port by the turks - Battle of Cape Sarych - inconclusive.
March 18, 1915 - near the Mouth of the Bosphorus - Supports "Rotislav" and "Tri Sviatitelia" while they bombard ottoman fortifications at the mouth of the Bosphorus
April 3, 1915 - Odessa - The russian squadron departs to intercept a raiding ottoman force
April 25, 1915 - near the Mouth of the Bosphorus - Supports "Rotislav" and "Tri Sviatitelia" while they bombard ottoman fortifications at the mouth of the Bosphorus
May 2, 1915 - near the Mouth of the Bosphorus - "Panteleimon" bombards the bosphorus forts together with "Rotislav" and "Tri Sviatitelia"
May 3, 1915 - near the Mouth of the Bosphorus - "Panteleimon" bombards the bosphorus forts together with "Rotislav" and "Tri Sviatitelia"
May 9, 1915 - Between Kozlu and Eregli - The russian squadron attacks ottoman shipping between Kozlu and Eregli, sinking four steamers and many sailing ships. Pantelimon hits the ottoman battleship "Yavuz Sultam Selim" twice
May 10, 1915 - Black Sea, 25 miles from the Bosphorus - Engagement with the ottoman battlecruiser "Yavuz Sultam Selim" - inconclusive
August 1, 1915 - All Black Sea pre-dreadnoughts are transfered to the 2nd Battleship Brigade, after the more powerful dreadnought "Imperatritsa Mariya" enters service
October 1, 1915 - off Zonguldak, Ottoman Empire - Panteleimon bombards Zonguldak, covered by the new dreadnought "Imperatritsa Mariya"
April 15, 1916 - Off Trebizond - Supports russian troops during the capture of Trebizond
January 1(?), 1917 - Participates in an anti-shipping sweep off the northwesten anatolian coast that destroys 39 ottoman sailing ships
April 13, 1917 - The ship is renamed "Potemkin-Tavricheskiy"
May 11, 1917 - Renamed "Borets za Svobodu"
December 29, 1917 - Sevastopol - "Borets za Svobodu" becomes part of the new Red Black Sea Fleet
March 1(?), 1918 - Sevastopol - Placed in reserve
May 1, 1918 - Sevastopol - Captured by the germans
November 24, 1918 - Sevastopol - The ship is handed over to the Allies after the Armistice
April 19, 1919 - Sevastopol - The british wreck her engines when they leave Crimea to prevent the advancing bolsheviks from using it against the white russians
April 29, 1919 - Sevastopol - Captured by the Red Army's ukranian front
June 24, 1920 - Sevastopol - Captured by the White Russians
November 1(?), 1920 - Sevastopol - "Borets za Svobodu" is abandoned by the white russians when they evacuate Crimea
January 1, 1923 - Sevastopol - Begins being scrapped =(END)