De Zeven Provinciën (1665) | Timeline

De Zeven Provinciën ("The seven provinces") was a Dutch ship of the line, originally armed with 80 guns. The name of the ship refers to the seven autonomous provinces that made up the Dutch Republic in the 17th century. The vessel was built in 1664-65 for the Admiralty of de Maze in Rotterdam by the master shipbuilder Salomon Jansz van den Tempel. (Intro from Wikipedia)

December 1(?), 1664 - Admiralty Shipyard, Haringvliet, Rotterdam - The keel of the "De Zeven Provinciën" is laid down by Master Shipwright Salomon van den Tempel

August 1(?), 1665 - Admiralty Shipyard, Haringvliet - The "De Zeven Provinciën" is completed. Vice-Admiral Aert van Nes is appointed commander of the ship =(START)

October(?) 1(?), 1665 - Mouth of River Thames - Attempt to blockade River Thames

November 3, 1665 - Hellevoetsluis - Returns to Hellevoetsluis

April 10, 1666 - Hellevoetsluis - Admiral Michiel de Ruyter boards the ship for the first time as its commander

May 6, 1666 - Hellevoetsluis - De Ruyter transfers his flag to the newly commissioned "De Zeven Provinciën"

June 10, 1666 - Off Dunkirk - De Ruyter anchors off Dunkirk

June 11, 1666 - ENE of North Foreland, England - The Four Day's Battle begins. On board the "De Zeven Provinciën", french naval commander Abraham Duquesne experiences the battle as an observer

June 12, 1666 - ENE of North Foreland - The De Zeven Proviciën looses its main topmast in the fight. De Ruyter withraws to supervise repairs to the ship, delegating temporary command to Lieutenant-Admiral Aert van Nes

June 14, 1666 - ENE of North Foreland - The Four Day's Battle is over. The dutch are victorious

July 1, 1666 - near Boulogne - De Ruyter anchors his fleet near Boulogne

August 1, 1666 - Off Thames River estuary - De Ruyter observes the english fleet leaving port, earlier than expected

August 3, 1666 - Flemish Coast - After a storm drives the dutch fleet to the flemish coast, De Ruyter sails again to blockade Thames River

July 8, 1666 - Dunkirk - De Ruyter withraws to Dunkirk

August 4, 1666 - near North Foreland, England - St. James's Day Battle - English victory

October 14, 1666 - River Maas - Back at the River Maas

May 17, 1667 - Texel - De Ruyter sails to Texel to join with the squadrons of Amsterdam and Frisia

June 4, 1667 - Schooneveld, Mouth of Scheldt River - De Ruyter departs for the River Thames with 62 ships, organized in 3 squadrons

June 9, 1667 - Off Sheerness - The dutch fleet are sighted off Sheerness. Another Squadron sails to the Thames

June 10, 1667 - Isle of Sheppey - The dutch fleet arrives at the Isle of Sheppey and launches an attack on the incomplete Garrison Point Fort

June 11, 1667 - River Medway - The dutch fleet sails up the River Medway. The english sink some ships to try to stop their progress

June 12, 1667 - River Medway - One of the four biggest english ships, the "Royal Charles" is captured. Two others are burned

June 13, 1667 - River Medway - The dutch decide to return to the Netherlands, taking the "Royal Charles" in tow with them

June 14, 1667 - Off Sheerness - The Dutch sail out of River Medway, living about 30 english ships sunk, burned or captured

June 16(?), 1667 - Schooneveld, Mouth of Scheldt River - Prince Willem visits the ship after the battle

August 24, 1667 - Mount's Bay, Cornwall - Anchored off Mount's bay while the Treaty of BREDA is signed

October 15, 1667 - Hellevoetsluis, Netherlands - De Ruyter returns to Hellevoetsluis

August 24, 1671 - Den Briel, Netherlands - The english royal yacht "Merlin", carrying the wife of the english ambassador Sir William Temple back to London, sails through the dutch fleet at anchor off Den Briel intent creating an incident to ignite the war for King Charles II. The "De Zeven Provinciën" salutes the royal yacht by firing white smoke, but the "Merlin" halts shooting in anger, demanding that the dutch strike their flag, which doesn't happen

January(?) 1(?), 1672 - Admiralty Shipyard, Haringvliet, Rotterdam(?) - Refitted as a 72-gun ship

June 7, 1672 - Solebay, England - Battle of Solebay - Strategic Dutch Victory. The "De Zeven Provinciën" cripples the "Prince" in a 2-hour duel

May 11, 1673 - Hellevoetsluis(?) - Sails out

May 15, 1673 - Schooneveld, Mouth of Scheldt River - De Ruyter retreats to the Schooneveld when the english fleet prevents his plan to block Medway River

June 7, 1673 - North Sea - First Battle of Schooneveld

June 14, 1673 - North Sea - Second Battle of Schooneveld - Dutch Victory

August 21, 1673 - Off Kijkduin, North Sea - Battle of Texel - Strategic Dutch Victory

May 24, 1674 - Wielingen - The Dutch fleet sails from Wielingen

May 27, 1674 - Off Dover - De Ruyter arrives off Dover and salutes the fortress. Some english officers come aboard

June 8, 1674 - Hellevoetsluis(?) - Departs for Martinique with a fleet of 40 ships (18 ships-of-the-line, 20 fluyts and six fireships), 3,400 sailors and 4,000 soldiers

June 21, 1674 - Off Madeira Island - Madeira Island is sighted

June 24, 1674 - Tenerife, Canary Islands - Stop at Tenerife

September 19, 1674 - Anses d'Arlet, Martinique - The dutch fleet arrives off Martinique

July 20, 1674 - Fort-Royal, Martinique - De Ruyter sails to the bay of Fort-Royal and fires at the harbour fort. The dutch land their troops but are repelled by a combination of crossfire from the fort, entrenched french soldiers and an anchored french warship. The dutch casualties total 143 killed and 318 wounded, against only 15 french

July 21, 1674 - Dominica - De Ruyter sails north to Dominica to recuperate

July 26, 1674 - Off Guadeloupe - De Ruyter sails past Guadeloupe on his way to Nevis

July 28, 1674 - Nevis - Visit to the english at Nevis. Some prisoners are exchanged for meat and fruits

August 24, 1674 - Latitude of Lisbon, Portugal - After almost a month of calms, De Ruyter sails into a violent storm

September 30, 1674 - Goeree Island, Netherlands - Back in Holland

August(?) 1(?), 1675 - Hellevoetsluis, Netherlands - De Ruyter switches to another flagship, the "Eendraght" because the "De Zeven Provinciën" was in bad shape and needing maintenance and repair, and therefore not suited to the planned expedition to the Mediterranean Sea in 1676

January(?) 1(?), 1678 - Becomes the flagship of Rear Admiral Jan van Brakel

February 1(?), 1678 - Hellevoetsluis(?) - Sails for Spain in Cornelis Evertsen de Younger's fleet

March 17, 1678 - Off Ouessant - Evertsen's fleet of 25 ships is attacked by Châteaurenault off Ouessant

March 24(?), 1678 - Off Cape St.Vincent, Portugal - Jan Van Brakel attacks an algerian privateer off Cape St.Vincent

March 26, 1678 - Cadiz, Spain - The squadron arrives at Cadiz

March 27, 1678 - Cadiz - Letter from Van Brakel to the Admiralty of the Maze from the "De Zeven Provinciën", anchored at Cadiz

May 30(?), 1678 - Cadiz - Evertsen sails for Barcelona carrying spanish soldiers to the front

June(?) 10(?), 1678 - Barcelona, Spain - Evertsen reaches Barcelona

July(?) 1(?), 1678 - Barcelona - After more than 3 weeks at Barcelona, Evertsen sets sail to Alicante

July(?) 5(?), 1678 - Alicante, Spain - Arrives at Alicante

July(?) 15(?), 1678 - Málaga, Spain - Sails to Málaga

August(?) 1(?), 1678 - Cadiz, Spain - Returns to Cadiz on his way back to the Netherlands 

September 30(?), 1678 - Texel - Arrives at Texel from Spain in the end of September

July 10, 1690 - Off Beachy Head, near Eastbourne English Channel - Battle of Beachy Head - French Victory

April 21, 1691 - Hellevoetsluis, Netherlands(?) - Rear Admiral Johan Snellen is appointed commander of the ship

June 18, 1691 - The Downs - The Anglo-Dutch fleet is anchored at the Downs

August 24, 1691 - Torbay, England - Rear Admiral Johan Snellen dies in his sleep while the ship is off the port of Torbay

September 7, 1691 - Torbay - The anglo-dutch fleet sets sail to the Scilly Islands area

September 9, 1691 - Plymouth - The fleet passes Plymouth sailing to the west

September 10, 1691 - Off Ouessant/Ushant - The fleet comes in sight of Ouessant/Ushant

September 11, 1691 - 50km WSW of Cape Lizard - The fleet sails to a patrol point WSW of Cape Lizard

September 12, 1691 - 50km WSW of Cape Lizard - The fleet runs into a violent storm

September 13, 1691 - Torbay, England - The Anglo-Dutch fleet returns to Torbay

May 7, 1692 - Hellevoetsluis(?) - Sails for Ray Bay, England, to join the english fleet

May 19, 1692 - Off Cap Barfleur, Cotentin Peninsula - Both fleets sight each other

May 29, 1692 - Off Contentin Peninsula, France - Battle of Barfleur - Inconclusive

June 4, 1692 - Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue, France - Battle of La Hogue - Anglo-Dutch victory. The "De Zeven Proviciën" is badly damaged

June 6(?), 1692 - Portsmouth, England - After limited repairs, sails to Portsmouth to repair leaking and to get new rigging, masts and yard's

June 23, 1692 - English Channel - Departs from Portsmouth

October 7, 1692 - English Channel - Rejoins the dutch fleet

November 1(?), 1692 - Hellevoetsluis, Netherlands - Sails for Rotterdam

November 2(?), 1692 - Rotterdam, Netherlands - Laid up at Rotterdam

January(?) 1(?), 1694 - Rotterdam - Sold to be broken up =(END)

Sovereign of the Seas (1637) | Timeline

Sovereign of the Seas was a 17th-century warship of the English Navy. She was ordered as a 90-gun first-rate ship of the line of the English Royal Navy, but at launch was armed with 102 bronze guns at the insistence of the king. It was later renamed HMS Sovereign, and then HMS Royal Sovereign at the Restoration of Charles II. The elaborately gilded stern ordered by Charles I of England meant enemy ships knew it as the "Golden Devil". (Intro from Wikipedia)

June 24, 1634 - Woolwich, England - King Charles I visits Woolwich and asks Phineas Pett to commence planning a new First Rate Ship. Phineas entrusts the leading role to his son Peter Pett

October 29, 1634 - Woolwich - Phineas and Peter offer the model ship on wheels to Prince Charles, and the ship that would become the "Sovereign of the Seas" is ordered

April 7, 1635 - Woolwich - The keel of the "Sovereign of the Seas" is laid at Woolwich Dockyard. Peter Pett starts the building the ship, supervised by his father, Phineas Pett

September 25, 1637 - Woolwich - The launching of the "Sovereign of the Seas" fails before the King and his entourage, when the ship jams on the ways

October 13, 1637 - Woolwich - Launching of the "Sovereign of the Seas" during the night, using bonfires =(START)

May 1(?), 1638 - Erith, SE of London - The ship is moved to Erith to be masted and rigged

June 1(?), 1638 - Greenhithe, Kent - The ship is sailed to Greenhithe to be armed and provisioned

June 6, 1638 - Greenhithe - Charles I visits the "Sovereign of the Seas" and dines aboard with the queen and members of the Court

July 12, 1638 - Greenhithe - Sea trials begin

July 21, 1638 - Off Gravesend - Charles I visits the "Sovereign of the Seas" and is delighted by the ship

August 18, 1638 - The Downs - The "Sovereign of the Seas" arrives off the Downs after Sea trials

July(?) 1(?), 1639 - Greenhithe, Kent(?) - King Charles I insists that the complement of the "Sovereign of the Seas" be increased to 100. Another 12 guns are added to bring the total to 102

January(?) 1(?), 1642 - Greenhithe(?) - Her armament is reduced to 90 guns. Remains laid up during the Civil War

January(?) 1(?), 1650 - Chatham Dockyard - Renamed "Sovereign" in the time of the Commonwealth of England =(changename)

October 11, 1651 - Chatham Dockyard - Letter from Chatham Dockyard to the Navy Office: "...as to the Soveraigne wee conceive that to make her more serviceable then now she is, the gratings and upper deck in the midshipps be taken downe and the side lowered to the upper edge of the ports in the midshipps, the upper State Room to be taken away, the forecastle to be lowered to six foote high, and the works abaft to bee taken down proportionately to the waist and answerable to the sheere of the work fore and after, the halfe decke to be shortened as shall bee convenient, as alsoe the head to be made shorter and so fitted for the sea. And the galleryes to bee altered as may be comely and most convenient for service"

October 22, 1651 - Chatham Dockyard - It is decided that the ship is crank (top-heavy), and the Navy office reports that they had "seriously debated the manner and way to make the shipp Sovereign a fitter ship for service then she now is, and upon the result doe unanimously concurr that if the alterations bee made in her according to the certificate mentioned on the other side, she will be farr more serviceable both for remote and home employment by reason she will bee lesse draught of water by neare a foote then than now, and thereby carry her lower tyer of gunns neere a foote higher and without any diminution of her strenght or force, or inconvenience in point of state"

December(?) 1(?), 1651 - Chatham Dockyard - Refitted - she was again made more manoeuvrable by reducing upperworks after which she was described as "a delicate frigate (I think the whole world hath not her like)" - Armed with 106 guns

September(?) 1(?), 1652 - Chatham - Becomes the flagship of General-at-Sea Robert Blake

September 28, 1652 - Off Kentish Knock (E of Thames Estuary), England - Battle of Kentish Knock - English victory

October 21, 1652 - While at Chatham - The States General of the Netherlands in a secret session determined the reward money for the crews of fireships that succeeded in destroying an enemy vessel, with an extra prize of 3000 guilders "in case they should ruin the ship named the Sovereign"

July 11, 1659 - Chatham Dockyard - Captain John Taylor, the master shipwright at Chatham Dockyard, supervises the rebuild of the "Sovereign"

May 23, 1660 - Chatham Dockyard - After the English Restoration she is renamed "Royal Sovereign" =(changename)

August 26, 1660 - Chatham Dockyard - Relaunched as a first-rate ship of the line with flatter gundecks. Her armament is changed to 100 guns and most of the carvings are removed

June 13, 1665 - Chatham Dockyard - Misses the Battle of Lowestoft

September 1(?), 1665 - Chatham - Recommissioned

June 1, 1666 - Chatham - The Four Days' Battle begins

June 4, 1666 - ENE of North Foreland, England - Sails from the Thames but too late to join the Four Day's Battle

July 25, 1666 - near North Foreland, England - St. James's Day Battle - English victory

June 19, 1667 - Portsmouth - At Portsmouth while the dutch attack the english fleet on the River Medway

January 19, 1672 - Portsmouth(?) - Recommissioned

June 7, 1672 - Solebay, England - Battle of Solebay - Strategic Dutch Victory

June 7, 1673 - Off the coast of Netherlands - First Battle of Schooneveld

June 14, 1673 - Off the coast of Netherlands - Second Battle of Schooneveld - Dutch victory

June 15, 1673 - River Thames - The damaged english fleet sails into the Thames

August 11, 1673 - Off Kijkduin, North Sea - Battle of Texel - Strategic Dutch Victory

March 5, 1674 - Chatham Dockyard - Laid up at Chatham Dockyards following the end of the war

August 1(?), 1675 - Chatham Dockyard - Due to her poor state of repair, it is decided to rebuild the "Royal Sovereign" again

January(?) 1(?), 1679 - Chatham Dockyard - Broken up to rebuilt

January(?) 1(?), 1685 - Chatham Dockyard - Rebuilt at Chatham Dockyard

July 10, 1690 - Off Beachy Head, English Channel, England - Battle of Beachy Head/Bévéziers - French victory

September 21, 1690 - Cork, Ireland - The Earl of Marlborough reaches Cork with 5,000 men and blockades the port of Cork with his fleet

June 18, 1691 - The Downs - The Anglo-Dutch fleet is anchored at the Downs

September 7, 1691 - Torbay - The anglo-dutch fleet sets sail to the Scilly Islands area

September 9, 1691 - Plymouth - The fleet passes Plymouth sailing to the west

September 10, 1691 - Off Ouessant/Ushant - The fleet comes in sight of Ouessant/Ushant

September 11, 1691 - 50km WSW of Cape Lizard - The fleet sails to a patrol point WSW of Cape Lizard

September 12, 1691 - 50km WSW of Cape Lizard - The fleet runs into a violent storm. The "Royal Sovereign" looses contact with the rest of the ships

September 13, 1691 - The Anglo-Dutch fleet returns to Torbay. It is feared that the "Royal Sovereign" may have sunk in the storm

September 14, 1691 - Plymouth - The "Royal Sovereign" comes into Plymouth

May 29, 1692 - Off Contentin Peninsula, France - Battle of Barfleur - Inconclusive

June 4, 1692 - Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue, France - Battle of La Hogue - Anglo-Dutch victory

June(?) 15(?), 1692 - Portsmouth(?) - The fleet returns to England. The "Royal Sovereign" probably stays with the Channel Force while the Naval War with France is going on

December(?) 1(?), 1695 - Chatham Dockyard - Laid up at Chatham Dockyard for repairs

January 29, 1696 - Chatham Dockyard - A bosun on night watch leaves a candle unattended and the "Royal Sovereign" is set on fire by accident, burning to the water line =(END)

John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough | Timeline

General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, KG PC (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722) was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs. Rising from a lowly page at the court of the House of Stuart, he served James, Duke of York, through the 1670s and early 1680s, earning military and political advancement through his courage and diplomatic skill.
Churchill's role in defeating the Monmouth Rebellion in 1685 helped secure James on the throne, yet just three years later he abandoned his Catholic patron for the Protestant Dutchman, William of Orange. Honoured for his services at William's coronation with the earldom of Marlborough, he served with further distinction in the early years of the Nine Years' War, but persistent charges of Jacobitism brought about his fall from office and temporary imprisonment in the Tower. It was not until the accession of Queen Anne in 1702 that Marlborough reached the zenith of his powers and secured his fame and fortune.
His marriage to the hot-tempered Sarah Jennings – Anne's intimate friend – ensured Marlborough's rise, first to the Captain-Generalcy of British forces, then to a dukedom. Becoming de facto leader of Allied forces during the War of the Spanish Succession, his victories on the fields of Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), Oudenarde (1708), and Malplaquet (1709), ensured his place in history as one of Europe's great generals. But his wife's stormy relationship with the Queen, and her subsequent dismissal from court, was central to his own fall. Incurring Anne's disfavour, and caught between Tory and Whig factions, Marlborough, who had brought glory and success to Anne's reign, was forced from office and went into self-imposed exile. He returned to England and to influence under the House of Hanover with the accession of George I to the British throne in 1714. (Intro from Wikipedia)

May 26, 1650 - Ashe House, Devon - John Churchill is born

January(?) 1(?), 1662 - Dublin, Ireland - Enrolls at the Dublin Free School (His father was appointed Commissioner for irish land Claims)

January(?) 1(?), 1664 - London - Following his father's recall to Whitehall, John transfers his studies to St.Paul's School

September 14, 1667 - Whitehall, London - John Churchill obtains a commission of Ensign in the King's Own Company in the 1st Guards, later to become the Grenadier Guards =(START)

July(?) 1(?), 1668 - London - Churchill departs to Tangiers, in the "Summer"

July(?) 12(?), 1668 - Lisbon - The fleet anchors at Lisbon to take in 400 soldiers that fought in Portugal

July(?) 20(?), 1668 - Tangier, Morocco - Churchill arrives at Tangier, where he stays for three years, gaining first-class tactical training and field experience skirmishing with the moors.

July 2, 1669 - Tangier, Morocco - Forces of El Rasheed II attack Tangiers and are repelled

July 18, 1669 - Tangier, Morocco - Second attack by Moroccan forces, and again repelled

March 21, 1670 - Tangier, Morocco - Churchill is assigned to serve Admiral Thomas Allin in the Mediterranean

August 12, 1670 - Off Cap Spartel, W Tangier - Allin's Fleet finds the Algerian fleet - captures six ships and saves 250 Christians

October(?) 1(?), 1670 - London - Churchill arrives in London in Allin's Fleet in the "Winter"

February 5, 1671 - London - Churchill fights a duel with Sir John Fenwick after a quarrel at a masquerade.

March 6, 1671 - Gravesend - Receives orders to embark his company on the ship of Sir Robert Holmes

March 13, 1672 - English Channel - A non-provoked attack to the Smyrna Convoy initiates the Third Anglo-Dutch War

May 1(?), 1672 - Chatham(?) - Receives orders to embark with his company in the "Royal Prince", of the Duke of York

June 7, 1672 - Solebay - Young John Churchill fights against the Dutch Navy in the Battle of Solebay, probably aboard the Duke of York's flagship, the "Prince"

June 10 - Gravesend(?) - Churchill jumps two ranks and becomes captain to replace dead captains

July 16, 1672 - Barbara Villiers, Duchess of Cleveland, gives birth to Churchill's daughter, Barbara.

November(?) 1(?), 1672 - Yarmouth Camp (Great Yarmouth?) - Sir Edmund Andros begins to organize forces to go to Holland

December 27, 1672 - Calais - The company of the now Captain Churchill disembarks and establishes a winter camp

June 13, 1673 - Maastricht - Beginning of the siege of Maastricht - young Churchill serves Monmouth for the French

June 27, 1673 - Maastricht - First attack on Maastricht by the english contingent - Churchill is wounded

July(?) 1(?), 1673 - Maastricht - Louis XIV is so impressed by the courage of Churchill that he tells Charles II

March 3, 1674 - London(?) - Charles II designates Churchill Colonel of the English Army

April 13, 1674 - Versailles - Churchill receives the rank of Colonel of the French army, of Louis XIV

June 1, 1674 - Haguenau - Churchill departs with Turenne and Percy Kirke

June 14, 1674 - Philippsburg - Turenne crosses the Rhine at Philippsburg

June 16, 1674 - Sinsheim, SE of Heidelberg - Battle of Sinsheim - French victory over the Holy Roman Empire

September 26, 1674 - Entzheim, near Strasbourg - Turenne and Churchill attack Entzheim

October 2, 1674 - Neckar River(?) - Starts a two-day march to reach Molsheim

October 4, 1674 - Molsheim - Arrival to Molsheim

February 1(?), 1675 - Paris - Churchill arrives in Paris and receives a promotion letter from Monmouth

March(?) 1(?), 1675 - London(?) - Churchill returns to England (speculative date and place)

August 1, 1675 - Paris - John Churchill returns to Paris, to obtain the subsidy of Louis XIV to Charles II

October 1, 1675 - Paris - Churchill makes arrangements to bring his silverware to England

December 1(?), 1675 - Paris - Churchill prepares to leave for England

January(?) 1(?), 1676 - Whitehall, London - In England, Churchill gets involved with Sarah Jenyns

November 1(?), 1676 - Whitehall, London - Both rivals for the throne recommend Churchill to command in France

November 18, 1676 - London - Sir John Berry leaves with a Company for Virginia, organized by Churchill

April 1, 1678 - The Hague - Churchill departs to The Hague to negotiate the deployment of the English army in Flanders

December(?) 1(?), 1678 - London - Return to London from the Netherlands

July 19, 1681 - Edinburgh, Scotland - Sarah gives birth to Henrietta

December 21, 1682 - London(?) - Churchill is made Lord Churchill of Eyemouth

July 1(?), 1683 - Denmark(?) - Churchill is sent to the Continent to conduct Prince George of Denmark to England

July 28, 1683 - St.James's Palace, London - Wedding of Prince George of Denmark with Princess Anne

November 19, 1683 - St.James's Palace, London - Lord Churchill is appointed Colonel of the King's Own Royal Regiment of Dragoons

February 6, 1685 - St.James's Palace, London - King Charles II dies

February 12(?), 1685 - Versailles, France - Churchill is dispatched to Versailles to take the news to King Louis XIV, and to inform him that Charles' brother James, Duke of York, would accept the throne and become King James II of England and VII of Scotland.

April 23, 1685 - Westminster Abbey, London - Attends the coronation of King James II and becomes the King's gentleman of the bedchamber

May 1(?), 1685 - St.James's Palace, London - Receives the title of Baron Churchill of Sandbridge

June 11, 1685 - St.James's Palace - News arrive that the Duke of Monmouth had landed at Lyme Regis in Dorset, and was inciting a Protestant rebellion against the new king

June 17, 1685 - Bridport - Churchill reaches Bridport at the head of eight troops of horse and five companies of foot

June 27, 1685 - Norton St.Philip - Skirmishes with Monmouth. The inexperienced commander of the royal army, Earl Feversham, is repulsed. Churchill's rearguard of dragoons prevent the rebels from pursuing. Monmouth slips away to the southwest

July 3, 1685 - Westonzoyland, Bridgewater, SW Bristol - Churchill is promoted to Major General

July 6, 1685 - Westonzoyland, Bridgewater, SW Bristol - Battle of Sedgemoor - Decisive victory of James II's army
November 5, 1688 - Brixham | Exeter, England - William lands at Brixham and from there, moves his army to Exeter

November 7, 1688 - Salisbury - In Lord Feversham's army - Churchill is promoted to Lieutenant-General

November 23, 1688 - Axminster - Attends the King's council for the last time
November 24, 1688 - Axminster - Churchill and other officers leave the Royal camp and join Willem III

January 1, 1689 - London - Churchill welcomes Prince William into London
April 9, 1689 - London - Churchill is created Earl of Marlborough
April 11, 1689 - Westminster Abbey, London - Coronation of William and Mary
April(?) 25(?), 1689 - Flanders - Marlborough is sent to Flanders with a 8,000-strong anglo-scottish contingent

May 7, 1689 - While in Flanders(?) - England declares War on France
August 25, 1689 - Walcourt, S of Charleroi - Battle of Walcourt - Grand Alliance Victory, against France

September 21, 1690 - Cork, Ireland - Marlborough reaches Cork on board his flagship "Royal Sovereign" and blockades the port with his fleet. 5,000 men prepare to land

September 24, 1690 - Passage West, Ireland - Marlborough captures several of the harbour's defences and lands troops at Passage West. From the north, 4,000 danish troops under the Duke of Württenberg close the siege of Cork

September 29, 1690 - Kinsale, Ireland - Marlborough lays siege to Kinsale

October 16, 1690 - Kinsale - Kinsale surrenders to Marlborough after an assault
October 1(?), 1691 - London - Returns to London with Willem III

December(?) 1(?), 1691 - Holland - Sent to Holland to help plan a renewed campaign against the french
January 20, 1692 - London - Marlborough is dismissed and not allowed to appear in Court
May 4, 1692 - Tower of London - Marlborough is arrested in the Tower of London
June 15, 1692 - Tower of London - Marlborough is released
March 15, 1702 - ? - Marlborough is appointed Captain-General of the Forces
June 1(?), 1702 - Kaiserswerth (Dusseldorf) - Marlborough takes Kaiserswerth
September(?), 25(?), 1702 - Venlo - Marlborough takes Venlo
September(?), 29(?), 1702 - Stevensweert - Marlborough takes Stevensweert
October(?) 7(?), 1702 - Roermond - Marlborough takes Roermond
October 29(?), 1702 - Liège - Marlborough takes Liège
December 1(?), 1702 - After his latest series of victories, the grateful Queen publicly proclaims Marlborough a Duke
May 1(?), 1704 - Low Countries - Marlborough marches along the Danube
May 19, 1704 - Bedburg, NW of Cologne - First stage of the March, with 21,000 men
May 26, 1704 - Coblenz - Second stage of the March, where the Moselle meets the Rhine, with 26,000 men
June 6, 1704 - Wiesloch, S of Heidelberg - Arrival to Wiesloch
June 10, 1704 - Mundelsheim (N of Stuttgart) - Marlborough meets with Prince Eugene, accompanied by Count Wratislaw
June 13, 1704 - Großheppach (NE Stuttgart) - Prince Louis of Baden joins Marlborough and Eugene for 110,000 men
June 22, 1704 - Launsheim - Marlborough joins Baden in Launsheim
July 2, 1704 - Donauwörth - Marlborough crosses the Danube, assaulting the fortress of Schellenberg
August 7, 1704 - Ingolstadt - Marlborough puts siege on the heavily defended city

The Duke of Marlborough during
the Battle of Blenheim

August 13, 1704 - Blindheim, Höchstädt, Bavaria - Battle of BLENHEIM - Decisive Grand Alliance victory
December 14, 1704 - London - Marlborough returns to England, acclaimed by Queen Anne
June 15, 1705 - River Meuse (SW Bastogne) - Attempt to invade France through the Low Countries fails and Marlborough retreats
July 17, 1705 - Elixheim, S of Zoutleeuw - Marlborough Sustains a French offensive and forces the Brabant lines at Elixheim
November 18, 1705 - Emperor Leopold I makes Marlborough Prince of Mindelheim
January 11, 1706 - London - Marlborough arrives in London at the end of his diplomatic tour
April 14, 1706 - The Hague - Marlborough lands in the Netherlands
May 9, 1706 - The Hague - Marlborough heads for the battle front
May 17, 1706 - Tongeren, near Maastricht - Marlborough concentrates his Anglo-Dutch troops
May 23, 1706 - Ramillies, N of Namur - Battle of RAMILLIES - Grand Alliance Victory
May 25, 1706 - Leuven - The city falls
May 28, 1706 - Brussels - The city falls
June 6, 1706 - Antwerp - The city falls
August 22, 1706 - Menin (Menen) - The city falls
September 6, 1706 - Dendermonde - The city falls
October 2, 1706 - Ath - The city falls
July 10, 1708 - Lessines - City taken after forced march along the Schelde
July 11, 1708 - Oudenaarde, Belgium - Battle of OUDENAARDE - Decisive Grand Alliance victory
August 12, 1708 - Lille - Marlborough and Eugene put siege to Lille
August 22, 1708 - Lille - The Allies enter the city, after 12 thousand casualties
June 27, 1709 - Tournai - The Allies attack Tournai
September 3, 1709 - Tournai - The city surrenders after 69 days of siege
September 11, 1709 - Malplaquet - Battle of MALPLAQUET - Grand Alliance Pyrrhic victory
September 20, 1709 - Mons - Marlborough takes the city
March 9, 1710 - Geertruidenberg, Netherlands - Observer during the peace talks
June 29, 1710 - Douai - City taken
August 29, 1710 - Béthune - City taken
September 20, 1710 - Saint-Venant - City taken
November 9, 1710 - Aire-sur-la-Lys - City taken
January 17, 1711 - London - Marlborough visits the Queen and tries to save his wife's post
February 27, 1711 - The Hague - Marlborough returns to The Hague to prepare for his last campaign
July 6, 1711 - Arleux - Marlborough captures the small fortress of Arleux
August 4, 1711 - Arras - Furious for losing Arleux, Marlborough reconnoiters Arras
September 12, 1711 - Bouchain - The Fortress of Bouchain surrenders unconditionally

Marlborough, 1716

December 29, 1711 - Marlborough receives dismissal letter from Queen Anne
September 27, 1712 - St.Albans - Present at the funeral of Sidney Godolphin, Earl of Godolphin
November 20, 1712 - London(?) - Marlborough leaves England and seeks exile on the Continent
May 15(?), 1713 - Frankfurt - Marlborough is acclaimed by the people and by his former soldiers
August 1, 1714 - London(?) - Marlborough returns to England on the day of Queen Anne's death
October 20, 1714 - Westminster Abbey, London - Coronation of King George I
May 18, 1716 - Holywell House (St. Albans) - Marlborough suffers a paralytic attack after the death of her second daughter
November 1(?), 1716 - Blenheim Palace, Woodstock - Marlborough suffers a more severe attack that affects his speech only
January(?) 1(?), 1719 - Blenheim Palace, Woodstock - Marlborough and wife move to a full wing of Blenheim Palace
June 16, 1722 - Windsor Lodge, Berkshire - John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, dies, aged 72 =(END)

Samuel Pepys | Timeline

Samuel Pepys (23 February 1633 – 26 May 1703) was an English naval administrator and Member of Parliament who is now most famous for the diary he kept for a decade while still a relatively young man. Although Pepys had no maritime experience, he rose by patronage, hard work, and his talent for administration to be the Chief Secretary to the Admiralty under both King Charles II and King James II. His influence and reforms at the Admiralty were important in the early professionalisation of the Royal Navy. (Wikipedia)

February 23, 1633 - London - Samuel Pepys is born
March 3, 1633 - St.Bride's Church, London - Samuel is baptised
January(?) 1(?), 1644 - Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire - Pepys starts attending Huntingdon Grammar School
January(?) 1(?), 1646 - London - Pepys starts attending St. Paul's School (until 1650)
January 30, 1649 - Whitehall Palace, London - Pepys attends the execution of King Charles I
October 1(?), 1650 - Cambridge - Pepys is admitted to Cambridge University
March 1(?), 1651 - Cambridge - Pepys moves to Cambridge to attend the Magdalene College as a sizar
January(?) 1(?), 1654 - Cambridge - Takes his Bachelor of Arts degree
February 1, 1654 - Whitehall Palace, London - Appointed secretary or domestic steward to Edward Montagu =(START)
June 1, 1654 - Appointed clerk to George Downing, Teller of the Receipt in the Exchequer
October 10, 1655 - Westminster, London - Pepys marries 14-year old Elisabeth de St Michel
December 1, 1655 - St. Margaret's, Westminster - Civil ceremony for the marriage of Pepys and Elisabeth
March 26, 1658 - London - Pepys undergoes surgery to remove bladder stones in his urinary tract - successful
May(?) 1(?), 1659 - Gravesend(?) - Departure to "The Sound" to deliver letters for Edward Montagu (speculative date and place)
May 26, 1659 - Helsingør (Elsinore), N of Copenhagen - Pepys arrives in Helsingør aboard the ketch "Hind" with letters for Edward Montagu, commander of the Baltic Fleet
June(?) 6(?), 1659 - Gravesend(?) - Return to England (speculative date and place)
June 8, 1659 - Axe Yard, London - Pepys is home in time for Richard Cromwell's formal abdication
October 20, 1659 - London - Managing Montagu's household
December 5, 1659 - Cornhill, London - Pepys witnesses violence in the streets, as he goes to a shop to buy a notebook in preparation for his diary
January 1, 1660 - London - Samuel Pepys starts keeping a diary
March 3, 1660 - Westminster Hall - Pepys is summoned to meet Edward Montagu
March 6, 1660 - Whitehall - Pepys is asked to go to Sea with Montagu as his Secretary
March 23, 1660 - Long Reach, Gravesend - Pepys takes a barge from Tower Wharf and went aboard the "Swiftsure", until the "Naseby" is ready
March 30, 1660 - Long Reach, Gravesend - Montagu transfers to the "Naseby"
April 9, 1660 - The Downs - The fleet sails round the North Foreland and comes to anchor in the Downs
May 3, 1660 - The Downs - Pepys reads out the "declaration to the Generals" and the King's covering letter to cheers of the crews
May 12, 1660 - The Downs - Montagu's fleet weighs anchor and sets course to Scheveningen
May 14, 1660 - The Hague - Arrival in Scheveningen. Pepys goes ashore in The Hague. Meets 10-year old future King William III
May 26, 1660 - Dover - Charles II, Montagu and Pepys, arrive in England
May 29, 1660 - London - Charles II enters in London
June 18, 1660 - Whitehall Palace, London - Montagu tells Pepys that he was looking to get him the Clerkship of the Acts
July 13, 1660 - Whitehall Palace - Pepys secures the position of Clerk of the Acts to the Navy Board
September 24, 1660 - Pepys is made a Justice of the Peace (Judicial officer)
February 15, 1662 - Deptford - Pepys is admitted as a younger brother of Trinity House
April 30, 1662 - Portsmouth(?) - Pepys receives the Freedom of Portsmouth
November 20, 1662 - Pepys joins the Tangier committee
April 8, 1664 - Woolwich Dockyard - Pepys attends the launching of the "HMS Royal Katherine"
February 15, 1665 - London - Pepys is elected a Fellow of the Royal Society
March 20, 1665 - London - Pepys becomes the treasurer of the Tangier Committee
April 30, 1665 - London - Diary: "Great fears of the sickness here in the City it being said that two or three houses are already shut up. God preserve us all!"
August 16, 1665 - London - Diary: "But, Lord! how sad a sight it is to see the streets empty of people, and very few upon the 'Change. Jealous of every door that one sees shut up, lest it should be the plague; and about us two shops in three, if not more, generally shut up"
May 23, 1666 - London - Pepys collects his portrait from the painter, Mr.Hales, and pays him
September 2, 1666 - Palace of Whitehall, London - After seeing the start of the great fire, Pepys goes by boat to Whitehall and is the first to inform the king
September 5, 1666 - Steeple of Barking Church, London - Pepys views the destroyed city of London: "the saddest sight of desolation that I ever saw"
September 7, 1666 - Paul's Wharf, London - Pepys sees the ruins of St.Paul's Cathedral, of his father's house and the house where he had his stone removed
April 3, 1667 - London - Meeting with William Penn. Pepys suggests fortifying the River Medway
April 28, 1667 - London - Pepys doesn't believe the Dutch and French are able to send a fleet to England
June 13, 1667 - London - Pepys becomes aware that the Dutch are out in force
June 20, 1667 - London - Pepys understands that the River Thames is the target of the Dutch
June 22, 1667 - London - After hearing about the loss of Sheerness, the dutch raid on Chatham and the capture of the "Royal Charles", thinks Charles II's reign is doomed
August 21, 1667 - London - Pepys hears two boys sing to him, one of them is John Blow - but the experience is awful as their voices were breaking
March 5, 1668 - London - Pepys makes a long speech at the bar of the Commons about the use of tickets to pay seamen
October 25, 1668 - London - Pepys is surprised by his wife while kissing and masturbating Deborah Willet
May 31, 1669 - London - Last entry in Pepys' diary, as he got worried about his eyesight
June 1(?), 1669 - London - Low Countries | France - Holiday in France and the Low Countries with Elizabeth, until October
November 10, 1669 - London - Pepys' wife Elizabeth dies, after getting ill on the return from the Low Countries
January 24, 1672 - Deptford - Pepys becomes an Elder Brother of Trinity House
January(?) 1(?), 1673 - Horsham, West Sussex - Involved with the establishment of the Royal Mathematical School at Christ's Hospital
June 18, 1673 - Promoted to Secretary to the Admiralty Commission
November 4, 1673 - Elected MP for Castle Rising in Norfork
February 1, 1676 - Horsham, West Sussex - Appointed Governor of Christ's Hospital
May 22, 1676 - Deptford - Pepys is elected Master of Trinity House
February 5, 1679 - Elected MP for Harwich
May 20, 1679 - Tower of London - Pepys resigns as Secretary of the Admiralty and is arrested on suspicion of treasonable correspondence with France
July 9, 1679 - Tower of London - Pepys is released from the Tower of London
June 1(?), 1680 - London - The charges against Pepys are dropped
May 1(?), 1682 - Edinburgh - Pepys accompanies the Duke of York to Edinburgh
July 30, 1683 - Portsmouth - Pepys embarks on Dartmouth's "HMS Grafton" for Tangier
August 14, 1683 - Gulf of Biscay(?) - Dartmouth shows Pepys the king's instructions for Tangier
September 14, 1683 - Tangier, Morocco - Pepys arrives in Tangiers and is saluted by Percy Kirke and all city guns
December 6, 1683 - Tangier - Pepys departs Tangiers
December 9(?), 1683 - Cadiz, Spain - Pepys arrives in Cadiz (speculative date)
December 25, 1683 - Cadiz - Pepys listens to Christmas carols at the Cadiz Cathedral
December 26, 1683 - Cadiz - Dartmouth's ships weigh anchor and sail to England
March 30, 1684 - Portsmouth - Pepys returns to England after a very rough passage
June 10, 1684 - London - Appointed King's Secretary for the affairs of the Admiralty
December 1, 1684 - London - Pepys becomes president of the Royal Society
July 8, 1685 - Deptford - Pepys is elected Master of Trinity House
July 14, 1685 - Deptford - Pepys is elected Master of Trinity House (a second time)
November 30, 1686 - London - End of Presidency of the Royal Society
June 29, 1688 - Court of King's Bench, Westminster - Pepys is called as witness in Trial of Seven Bishops
January 16, 1689 - Harwich - Pepys is defeated in the parliamentary election at Harwich
February 20, 1689 - London - Pepys resigns his secretaryship
May 1(?), 1689 - London - Arrested on suspicion of Jacobitism
July 1(?), 1689 - London - Released from prison
June 25, 1690 - London - Arrested again on suspicion of Jacobitism
June 30, 1690 - London - Released from prison
April 27, 1699 - London - Pepys is made freeman of the city of London for services to Christ's Hospital
June 1(?), 1701 - Clapham, Surrey - Pepys moves out of London
May 26, 1703 - Clapham, Surrey - Samuel Pepys dies, aged 70 =(END)

22.Anglo-Dutch Wars (1660-1671)

22.Anglo-Dutch Wars (1660-1671)

1660 - Jean de la Fontaine - Tout l'univers obeit a l'Amour
1660 - Jean-Baptiste Lully - Marche des régiments de Turenne
1660 - Michel Lambert - C'en est fait, belle Iris
1660 - Michel Lambert - Ombre de mon amant
1664 - Bernardo Storace - Follia
1665 - Heinrich Schutz - Magnificat SWV475
1666 - John Playford - Faronell's Division
1667 - Esaias Reussner the Younger - Suite in C Minor - Paduana
1667 - Matthew Locke - The Tempest VI
1669 - Denis Gaultier - Cleopatre Amante - Double
1669 - Denis Gaultier - Courante la Consolation aus amis du Sr. Lenclos
1669 - Denis Gaultier - Prélude II
1669 - Denis Gaultier - Sarabande la Résolution des amis du Sr. Lenclos sur sa mort
1669 - Denis Gaultier - Suite in A Major - Atalante, Prélude
1669 - Denis Gaultier - Suite I en Ré Majeur
1669 - Denis Gaultier - Suite II en La Majeur
1669 - Denis Gaultier - Suite XII en La Mineur
1669 - Denis Gaultier - Tombeau de mademoiselle Gaultier
1669 - Denis Gaultier - La superbe, for lute in D minor
1669 - Jeremiah Clarke - Trumpet Voluntary
1670 - Jacques de Gallot - Allemande le Bout de l'An de Mr Gautier
1670 - Jacques de Gallot - Canaries les Castagnettes
1670 - Jacques de Gallot - Chaconne le Doge de Venise
1670 - Jacques de Gallot - La Psyche, in A minor
1670 - Jacques de Gallot - Suite in F sharp Minor
1670 - Jean-Baptiste Lully - Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme
1670 - Jean-Baptiste Lully - Marche pour la Cérémonie des Turcs
1671 - Francesco Corbetta - La guitarre Royalle
1671 - Francesco Corbetta - Preludio per la B
1671 - Francesco Corbetta - Folias
1671 - Francesco Corbetta - COncert in E minor for two guitars
1671 - Francesco Corbetta - Corrente nuovo inventione per la B
1671 - Francesco Corbetta - Caprice di ciacona per la B