December 26, 1893 - Shaoshan, Hunan, Qing Empire - Mao Zedong is born to a wealthy farmer and landowner
April 3, 1896 - Shaoshan - His brother, Mao Zemin, is born
January(?) 1(?), 1901 - Shaoshan - 8-year-old Mao is sent to a private Primary School in Shaoshan. He begins hating Confusius since the first contact with the philosopher's teachings
January(?) 1(?), 1904 - Shaoshan - Mao is punished for disobedience. Before it happens, he escapes from his school into the mountains, where he stays for 3 days until a family member brings him home
September 25, 1905 - Shaoshan - Another brother, Mao Zetan, is born
October 1(?), 1905 - Shaoshan - Mao’s parents adopt a baby girl, Mao Zejian, "daughter of Zedong's paternal uncle Mao Xi and his 15-year-old Tibetan concubine, Lhamu Gyatso, whom Mao Xi had enslaved and raped when he was hunting near Lhasa"
January(?) 1(?), 1906 - Shaoshan - Completes primary his education and begins working on his father's farm. Off work, Mao Zedong read books voraciously
November 14, 1907 - While in Shaoshan - Guangxu Emperor dies, aged 37
December(?) 1(?), 1907 - Shaoshan - Mao Zedong is introduced to Luo Yixiu, the daughter of a wealthy family. The parents of both youngsters negotiate a marriage for the beginning of 1908
January(?) 1(?), 1908 - Shaoshan - Mao Zedong marries Luo Yixiu, although he would never see her as his wife
December 2, 1908 - While in Shaoshan - Xuantong Emperor is crowned in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, aged 2 years 10 months
February 11, 1910 - Shaoshan - Mao’s wife Luo Yixiu dies of dysentery, aged 20
March(?) 1(?), 1910 - Xiangtan - Mao Zedong leaves his father's farm and moves to the nearby town of Xiangtan, where he begins working part-time with two future tutors - an old scholar and a young law student
September(?) 1(?), 1910 - Xiangxiang - 16-year-old Mao Zedong enrolls in a school in the neighbour town of Xiangxiang. He is impressed with a booklet written by Zheng Guanying which argued for democracy and elections in China. He was also influenced by reading about the accomplishments of Napoleon, Wellington, Catherine the Great, Rousseau and George Washington
January(?) 1(?), 1911 - Changsha - After a few months in Xiangxiang, Mao Zedong moves to the provincial capital of Changsha to continue his education. He is admitted right away
April(?) 1(?), 1911 - Changsha - News arrive of a major uprising in Canton, led by Sun Yat-Sen's supporters (while he was in exile in the United States). Mao Zedong is intellectually converted to the revolutionary cause
October 11, 1911 - While in Changsha - Massive military mutiny in Wuchang, Wuhan, not far from Changsha. Mao Zedong decides to join Sun's Revolutionary Alliance after hearing a public address in his school from one of its members
October 22, 1911 - Changsha - Before departing to Wuchang, Changsha is occupied by the revolutionary forces led by Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin. Mao Zedong joins the revolutionary groups who wanted to overthrow the Xuantong Emperor (Puyi) absolute monarchy and set up a republic with an elected President
January 1, 1912 - While in Changsha - The Republic of China is proclaimed in Nanjing =(changeflag)
February 12, 1912 - While in Changsha - The child Xuantong Emperor (Puyi) is forced to abdicate the throne after the Xinhai Revolution
May(?) 1(?), 1912 - Changsha - After 6 months as a soldier, Mao Zedong decides to retreat to the shelter of a traditional middle school in Changsha
June 1(?), 1912 - Changsha - First essay, analysing Lord Shang, a one of Qin's ministers
January(?) 1(?), 1915 - Changsha - Mao Zedong is elected secretary of the Students’ Society and organises the Association for Student Self-Governmentand which organizes protests against school rules
April 1(?), 1917 - Changsha - An article by Mao Zedong is published on the radical newspaper ‘New Youth’. It would be the first of many. Mao Zedong is also elected commander of the Student’s Volunteer Army which was set up to protect the school and students from Imperial soldiers =(START)
April 1(?), 1918 - Changsha - Co-founds the Renovation of the People Study Society, with Xiao Zisheng
August 19, 1918 - Peking (Beijing) - Mao travels to Peking (Beijing) and stays with his former teacher Yang Changji. Changji finds a job as assistant to the university librarian for Mao Zedong. There he is exposed to the writings of Karl Marx
April(?) 10(?), 1919 - Shanghai - Travels to Shanghai
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| Mao Zedong, 1919 (source: Wikipedia) |
May 30(?), 1919 - Peking (Beijing) - Mao Zedong co-founds the Hunanese Student Association with he Shuheng and Deng Zhongxia
June 10(?), 1919 - Changsha - Graduates as a teacher
July 1(?), 1919 - Changsha - Begins production of a weekly radical magazine, "Xiang River Review" (Xiangjiang pinglun)
October(?) 1(?), 1919 - Shaoshan - Mao Zedong returns to Shaoshan to stay with her terminally ill mother
October 5, 1919 - Shaoshan - Mao Zedong’s mother dies
December 1(?), 1919 - Peking (Beijing) - Returns to Peking shortly afterwards due to concerns of repercussions by governor Zhang
December(?) 15(?), 1919 - Changsha - Mao left leaves Peking and becomes a History teacher at Xiuye Primary School, Changsha
January 17, 1920 - While in Changsha - Yang Changji, Mao Zedong's influential teacher while in Beijing, dies, aged 48
January 23, 1920 - While in Changsha - Mao Zedong’s father dies in Shaoshan, aged 49
April 1(?), 1920 - Shanghai - Mao Zedong departs Beijing to Shanghai. There he meets Yi Peiji, his former headmaster at First Normal School, and joins Tan Yankai in the overthrowing of governor Zhang
May 1(?), 1920 - Shanghai - Chen Duxiu, editor of the "New Youth" magazine, takes the initial steps leading to the formation of the Chinese Communist Party, establishing a Provisional Central Committee
June 1(?), 1920 - While in Shanghai - Tan Yankai leads his troops into Changsha. Governor Zhang flees
July 1(?), 1920 - Changsha - Returns to Changsha from Shanghai
July 6, 1920 - Changsha - Letter welcoming the new Governor, Tan Yankai
August 1(?), 1920 - Changsha - Mao Zedong founds the Cultural Book Institute and the Russian Affairs Study Group in Changsha
September 1(?), 1920 - Changsha - Appointed director of the Xiuye primary school in Changsha
October 29, 1920 - Changsha - Lecture by Alice Dewey, wife of american philosopher John Dewey. After the lecture, Mao Zedong participates in a meeting with celebrities, functioning as secretary
December(?) 1(?), 1920 - Beijing(?) - During the Winter, Mao Zedong marries Yang Kaihui, daughter of Yang Changji. He also begins organizing workers "politically"
July 23, 1921 - Shanghai - Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao, who had been part of the Fourth May Movement in 1919, formally found the Chinese Communist Party (CPC) during its first National Congress meeting in Shanghai. Mao Zedong is one of 13 delegates across China to attend
July 30, 1921 - Shanghai - Police officers break up the First National Congress Meeting. The delegates continue their meeting on a tourist boat
August 10(?), 1921 - Changsha - Mao Zedong and a few friends found the "Self-Study University" in Changsha, which enabled members access to revolutionary literature
October(?) 1(?), 1921 - Changsha - During Autumn, Mao Zedong establishes a branch of the CPC in Changsha
July 16, 1922 - Shanghai - Second National Congress of the Communist Party in Shanghai begins. Mao Zedong travels to Shanghai but forgets the name of the place where it was to be held and misses it
October 24, 1922 - Changsha - First son, Mao Anying, is born
June 12, 1923 - Shanghai - Third National Congress of the Communist Party (until June 20th)- Delegates reaffirm their commitment to working with the Kuomintang (KMT). Mao is elected to the Party Committee in Shanghai, taking up residence in the city
November 23, 1923 - While in Shanghai - Second son, Mao Anqing, is born in Changsha
January 20, 1924 - Guangzhou - First Congress of the Kuomintang (KMT) - Until January 30th - Mao Zedong is elected an alternate member of the KMT Central Executive Committee, putting forward 4 resolutions to decentralise power to urban and rural bureaus
February 1(?), 1924 - Shanghai - Returns to Shanghai
August 1(?), 1924 - Guangzhou - Speech to the first class at the Peasant Movement Training Institute, invited by Peng Pai
December(?) 1(?), 1924 - Shaoshan - Returns to Shaoshan, where he quickly sees the peasantry agitated and seizing land from wealthy landowners to found communes. Mao Zedong realizes the potential for revolution that represented
January 11, 1925 - Shanghai - While in Shanghai, Mao Zedong misses the CPC's 4th Congress there (ends in January 22nd)
February 18, 1925 - Shaoshan - Mao Zedong returns to Shaoshan for an extended stay, to celebrate the Chinese New Year with Kaihui and their two boys
March 12, 1925 - While in Shaoshan - Sun Yat-Sen dies. Chiang Kai-Shek, a politician against communism and left-wing politics takes over as leader of the Kuomintang
August 1(?), 1925 - Shaoshan - Mao Zedong solemnizes the Shaoshan branch of the Communist Party of China with 32 other peasant members, at his parents' house attic. He writes his famous poem "Changsha"
October 1(?), 1925 - Guangzhou - Mao Zedong flees to Guangzhou. The fifth class of the Peasant Movement Training Institute begins there
December 1(?), 1925 - Guangzhou - Mao Zedong publishes "Analysis of the Classes in Chinese Society"
May 1(?), 1926 - Guangzhou - Mao Zedong becomes director of the 6th class of the Nationalis Party's Peasant Institute. (Until October)
July 1(?), 1926 - Guangzhou - Central Committee meeting - Mao Zedong is appointed head of the Peasant Department
July 9, 1926 - While in Guangzhou - Chiang Kai-Shek launches the Northern Expedition - The National Revolutionary Army of the Kuomintang (KMT) sets out to curb the power of the Warlords in the north
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| Mao Zedong, 1927 (source: Wikipedia) |
March 1(?), 1927 - Wuhan - Mao Zedong appears at the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee in Wuhan. He publishes his essay "Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan". Kaihui and the boys come from Changsha to live with Mao Zedong in a new villa, provided by the Nationalist Party
April 12, 1927 - While in Wuhan - Shanghai Massacre - Chiang Kai Shek, leader of the Kuomintang, attacks marches on Shanghai, which was controlled by Communists, killing 5,000 people. More than 10,000 other communists throughout the country are arrested and executed in the next days
August 1, 1927 - While in Wuhan - Nanchang Uprising - A section of the Red Army commanded by General Zhu De takes Nanchang
August 5, 1927 - While in Wuhan - Zhu De is forced to retreat from Nanchang
August 15(?), 1927 - Wuhan - Mao Zedong attends a special meeting of CPC leaders. Chen is overthrown as head of the party and replaced by Qu Qiubai. The Red Army of China (Red Army) was formed to fight back at Chiang and the Kuomintang
September 7, 1927 - Changsha - Leads the Autumn Harvest Uprising, against the Kuomintang in Hunan (Changsha)
September 15, 1927 - Jianggang Mountains - Mao Zedong is forced to accept defeat and withdraws with the other survivors to the Jinggang Mountains on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi Provinces
October(?) 1(?), 1927 - Jianggangshan City - Mao Zedong establishes his HQ in Jinggangshan City, and unites 5 villages as a self-governing state. He acquires more firearms and about 600 bandits from two different groups join Mao Zedong's army, now 1,800 strong
April 1(?), 1928 - Jianggang Mountains - Zhu De arrives and meets with Mao Zedong
May(?) 1(?), 1928 - Jianggang Mountains - The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China orders Mao Zedong to march to southern Hunan
June 1(?), 1928 - While in Southern Hunan(?) - Mao Zedong's troops suffer heavy losses, at the same time that the kuomintang takes their base of Jiangganshan. He begins a relationship with 18-year-old girl He Zizhen
October 1(?), 1928 - Jianggangshan City - Mao Zedong and Zhu De retake their home mountain
January 1(?), 1929 - Jiangxi - Mao and Zhu evacuate their base and take their 2,000 men, to Jiangxi. Another 800 men, provided by Peng Dehuai, join them.
March 1(?), 1929 - Longyan, Fujian - First daughter (with He Zizhen), Mao Jinjua, is born. However, she is left behind and and would be adopted by another family
August 29, 1929 - While in Longyan(?) - Mao Zejian, Mao Zedong's adopted brother, is executed by the Kuomintang
February 1(?), 1930 - Jiangxi - Mao Zedong creates the southwest Jiangxi Provincial Soviet government in the region under his control
May 1(?), 1930 - Jiangxi - Although he had not divorced his wife, Yang Kaihui, Mao Zedong marries He Zizhen
October 1(?), 1930 - While in Jiangxi - The Kuomintang captures Mao’s wife, Yang Kaihui and their eldest son, Mao Anying
November 1(?), 1930 - Jiangxi - First Encirclement Campaign by Chiang Kai-Shek against Jiangxi
November 6, 1930 - While in Jiangxi - Mao’s wife, Yang Kaihui, and sister, are beheaded by Kuomintang's general He Jian. Mao Zedong is deeply traumatized by the news
December 1(?), 1930 - Jiangxi - Futian Incident - Members of the Futian Battalion (of the Jiangxi-Fujian soviet) munity against Mao Zedong, claiming that he was attempting to arrest generals Zhu De and Peng Dehuai, and surrender the Kuomintang's army, in connection to the Anti-Bolshevik league and Trotskyism
January(?) 1(?),1931 - While in Jiangxi - Mao Zedong and Zhu De found the Jiangxi-Fujian Soviet. Mao Zedong’s son, Mao Anlong, which was smuggled to Shanghai after his mother's execution, dies, aged 3/4
January 3, 1931 - Jiangxi - The First encirclement Campaign by Chaing Kai-Shek against Jiangxi is unsuccessful
April 1, 1931 - Jiangxi - Second Encirclement Campaign by Chiang Kai-Shek against Jiangxi
May 31, 1931 - Jiangxi - The Second encirclement Campaign by Chaing Kai-Shek against Jiangxi is unsuccessful
June 1(?), 1931 - Jiangxi - Mao Zedong calls the officers and troops of the Futian battalion to a meeting, to resolve their differences. 200 of them appear but are disarmed and executed by Mao Zedong's loyal troops
December 1(?), 1931 - Ruijin - Zhou Enlai arrives in Ruijin and replaces Mao Zedong as leader of the Chinese Communist Party
October 1(?), 1932 - While in Jiangxi - Mao Zedong is criticized at the Ningdu Conference and demoted to figurehead status
September 25, 1933 - Jiangxi - Chiang Kai-Shek launches the Fifth Encirclement Campain agains Jiangxi from his HQ in Nanchang
October 10, 1934 - Jiangxi - Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang successfully overuns the Communist chinese soviet Republic and forces the communists on the run
October 14, 1934 - Xinfeng - The Long March - Mao Zedong’s Red Army breaks through the Kuomintang line on the Jiangxi Soviet's SW corner at Xinfeng, with 85,000 soldiers and 15,000 party cadres, heading to Northwestern China. In order to escape, many of the wounded and ill, as well as women and children are left behind (only defended by a group of guerrilla fighters whom the Kuomintang massacred)
November 30, 1934 - Xiang River, Guangxi - The Long march runs into a kuomintang defence point and the Battle of Xiang River begins
December 1, 1934 - Xiang River, Guangxi - The Red Army looses more than 40,000 troops and all of the civilian porters in 2 days of bloody battle
December 12, 1934 - Tongdao, Hunan - Meeting at Tongdao to discuss the direction of the Red Army
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| Mao Zedong during the Long March, 1935 |
January 15, 1935 - Zunyi, Northern Guizhou - During the "Long March", Mao Zedong captures Zunyi. While resting in the city, the communists hold a conference, where Mao Zedong is elected Chairman of the Politburo, the "de facto" leader of the Chinese Communist Party and of the Chinese Red Army
February 1(?), 1935 - Yunnan Province - He Zizhen gives birth to a daughter, however the child is left with a local family due to the harsh conditions in which Mao Zedong and wife were living
April 25, 1935 - While in Sichuan Province - Mao Zedong's youngest brother, Mao Zetan, is captured by the Kuomintang and executed
April 29, 1935 - Jinsha River - The communist forces begin the crossing of Jinsha River, the upper stream of the Yangtze River
May 8, 1935 - Jinsha River - The communist forces complete the crossing of Jinsha River
May 29, 1935 - Dadu River, Luding County, Sichuan - Battle of Luding Bridge - The communists capture Luding bridge from Nationalist forces
July 1(?), 1935 - Jade Dragon Snow Mountains, Yunnan - The Communist forces cross the Jade Dragon Snow Mountains
August 1(?), 1935 - Zoigê Marsh, Tibetan Plateau - The Communist forces cross the Zoigê Marsh
September 16, 1935 - Lazikou Pass, Min Mountains - The communist forces cross Lazikou Pass
October 22, 1935 - Yan'an, Shaanxi - End of the Long March - Three Red Army fronts meet in Shaanxi. Only 8,000 men survive the march. Mao becomes chairman of the Military Commission, with Zhou and Deng Xiaoping as vice-chairmen - Pao An, Northern Shaanxi
February 1(?), 1936 - Yan'an, Shaanxi - The Communists establish the Northwest Anti-Japanese Red Army University in Yan'an
April(?) 1(?), 1936 - Pao An, Northern Shaanxi - Mao Zedong’s army reaches 15,000, boosted by the arrival of new soldiers returning from Tibet and Hunan. The communists develop links with local communities, redistribute and farm the land, offer medical treatment and begin literacy programs
December 12, 1936 - While in Yan'an - A deeply disgruntled Zhang Xueliang kidnaps Chiang Kai-Shek to force an end to the conflict between the Kuomintang and the Chinese communist party
December 24, 1936 - While in Yan'an - The Kuomintang is forced to agree to a temporary end to the Chinese Civil War and the forming of a united Front with the Chinese Communist Party against Japan, in order to secure the release of Chiang Kai-Shek
January 1(?), 1937 - Shaanxi - The Communists begin guerrilla attacks against japanese-controlled territory
May 1(?), 1937 - Yan'an, Shaanxi - Communist Conference held to discuss the situation
May 5, 1937 - Yan'an, Shaanxi - Mao Zedong telegrams the Military Council of the Nanking National Government proposing a military alliance
July 7, 1937 - While in Yan'an(?) - The Second Sino-Japanese War begins, first as sporadic skirmishes in the vicinity of the Lugou (Marco Polo) Bridge, but soon escalate into a full-scale japanese invasion
December 13, 1937 - While in Yan'an(?) - Rape of Nanking - The Imperial Japanese Army takes Nanjing. Over a period of six weeks, the Japanese soldiers murder an estimated 40,000 to 300,000 chinese civilians, raping women and looting the City. Mao Zedong is so disturbed by the news that he would never speak about it for the rest of his life
December 25, 1937 - While in Yan'an(?) - A United Front (Communists and the Kuomintang) if agreed and formed in order to the Japanese
January 1(?), 1938 - While in Yan'an(?) - Japanese atrocities in China inflate the numbers of the Red Army from 50,000 to 500,000
August 1(?), 1938 - While in Yan'an(?) - The Chinese Red Army forms the "New Fourth Army" (to be active south of the Yangtze River) and the "Eighth Route Army" (based in Yan'an)
November 28, 1938 - Yan'an, Shaanxi - Mao Zedong marries 24-year-old actress Jiang Qing. He had divorced He Zizen while she was in the Soviet Union
December 21, 1939 - Yan'an - Mao Zedong publishes "In Memory of Norman Bethune"
January 1(?), 1940 - Yan'an - Mao Zedong publishes "On New Democracy"
August 1(?), 1940 - Yan'an - First daughter with Jiang Qing, Li Na, is born in Yan’an
August 20, 1940 - While in Yan'an - Hundred Regiments Campaign - Zhu De launches more than 80 regiments in a coordinated offensive against japanese-held cities and rail lines.
December 5, 1940 - While in Yan'an - The Hundred Regiments Campaign results in a chinese victory, with about 21,000 japanese casualties and 20,000 collaborator casualties
December 22, 1940 - While in Yan'an - Mao Zedong to Peng Dehuai: "Don't declare the end of the offensive yet. Chiang Kai-shek is launching anti-communist climax and we need the influence of Hundred Regiment Battle to win propaganda"
While in Yan'an
May 19, 1941 - Yan'an - Speach "Reform our Study"
September 10, 1941 - Yan'an - The "September Conference" of Politburo members begins. Mao gives a speech on Chinese Communist Party history
September 26, 1941 - Yan'an - The Central Committee establishes the Central Study Group with Mao Zedong as chairman
October 13, 1941 - Yan'an - The Secretariat establishes a 5-member committee to investigate Communist Party history
October 22, 1941 - Yan'an - End of the "September Conference"
May 1(?), 1942 - Yan'an - Publishes "Talks at the Yan’an Forum on Literature and Art"
October 12, 1942 - Yan'an - Publishes "The turning point in World War 2"
March 16, 1943 - Yan'an - Mao Zedong attends a Politburo meeting (until March 20th)
March 20, 1943 - Yan'an - Mao Zedong is promoted to Chairman of the Communist Party of China by the Politburo
September 27, 1943 - While in Yan'an - Mao’s younger brother, Mao Zemin, is executed by the Kuomintang in a Ürümqi prison
May 21, 1944 - Yan'an - The Seventh Plenum of the Sixth Central Committee starts
July 22, 1944 - Yan'an - Member of the "Dixie Mission" (United States Army Observation Group) arrive in Yan'an on an army C-47 Dakota, to establish relations with the Chinese Communist Party and the People's Liberation Army
September 8, 1944 - Yan'an - Publishes "Serve the People"
September 9, 1944 - Yan'an - Another group of the "Dixie Mission" arrives in Yan'an
November 7, 1944 - Yan'an - The american negotiator, General Patrick Hurley, arrives in Yan'an to influence the Chinese communist party and the Kuomintang to form an unified government
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| Chiang Kai-Shek and Mao Zedong, 1945 |
April 20, 1945 - Yan'an - The Seventh Plenum of the Sixth Central Committee ends after 11 months of meetings
June 11, 1945 - Yan'an - The Seventh Congress of the Chinese Communist Party ends. Speech at Yan'an, re-interpreting the chinese mythology fable "The Foolish Old Man Who Removed the Mountains"
August 28, 1945 - Chongqing - First Post-War peace negotiation, attended by Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-Shek
September 1(?), 1945 - While in Chongqing - Mao Zedong merges the Fourth Army and the Eighth Route Army into the million-men People's Liberation Army
September 9, 1945 - While in Chongqing - The Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang resume the Civil War after the Japanese surrender
October 10, 1945 - Chongqing - The First Post-War peace negotiation ends with the signing of the "Double Tenth Agreement"
December 15, 1945 - Chongqing(?) - American special envoy, General George Marshall, arrives in China to negotiate a coalition government between the Chinese Communist Party led by Mao Zedong and the Kuomintang, led by Chiang Kai-shek.
January 16, 1947 - While in Yan'an - After several military setbacks, the Kuomintang asks the Chinese Communist Party (through the US ambassador in China, Leighton Stuart) for permission to send delegates to Yan'an for Peace negotiations
March 11, 1947 - Yan'an, Shaanxi - The last members of the "Dixie Mission" leave Yan'an
April 1, 1948 - Shanxi-Suiyuan region - Speech at a conference of Cadres in the Shanxi-Suiyuan liberated area
May 23, 1948 - While in Yan'an(?) - The People's Liberation Army North, under Lin Biao, lays siege to the city of Changchun, the largest in Manchuria and one of the HQs of the Republic of China Army
October 19, 1948 - While in Yan'an(?) - The city of Changchun is captured by the PLA under Lin Biao, after a siege of more than 4 months
January 21, 1949 - While in Yan'an(?) - Kuomintang forces suffer decisive defeats against the communists
June 30, 1949 - While in Yan'an(?) - Publishes the article "On the People's Democratic Dictatorship"
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| Mao Zedong proclaims the People's Republic of China, October 10th, 1949 |
October 16, 1949 - Beijing - Dinner with the Soviet Ambassador to China, N.V. Roshchin, the day he transmits his credentials to Mao Zedong
October 20, 1949 - Beijing - Dinner with the Soviet Ambassador to China, N.V. Roshchin
December 10, 1949 - While in Beijing(?) - The People's Liberation Army lays siege to the cities of Chongqing and Chengdu (last Kuomintang-controlled cities in mainland China). Chiang Kai-Shek and son, who were directing the defenses of Chengdu, are evacuated to Taiwan by airplace, arriving on the same day
December 16, 1949 - Moscow, Soviet Union - Mao Zedong arrives in Moscow. First meeting with Stalin
December 18, 1949 - Bolshoi Theatre, Moscow - Stalin celebrates his 70th anniversary alongside marxist-leninist leaders from the world, including Mao Zedong
January 2, 1950 - Moscow - Telegram to the Chinese Communist Party's Central Committee
January 22, 1950 - Moscow - Talks with Stalin
February 14, 1950 - Moscow - Sino-Soviet Treaty - Stalin and Mao Zedong sign a treaty of Friendship
February 17, 1950 - Moscow - Mao Zedong and the chinese delegation depart to China
March 1(?), 1950 - Beijing - Mao Zedong starts a campaign to suppress counter-revolutionaries, especially former members of the Kuomintang
June 30, 1950 - Beijing - The Central Government of the People's Republic of China publish a "Land Reform Law", which abrogated ownership of land by landlords and introduced peasant landownership
October 7, 1950 - While in Beijing - PLA soldiers cross the Jinsha River into Tibet and quickly surround the outnumbered and poorly-equipped tibetans
October 8, 1950 - Beijing - A day after UN troops cross the 38th parallel and begin their offensive into North Korea, Mao Zedong issues orders for PLA's North East Frontier Force (NEFF) to move to the Yalu River, ready to cross to Korea
October 10, 1950 - Beijing - Mao Zedong issues the "Double-ten Directive" to surpress counterrevolutionary activities. Mass executions begin throughout China, specially of ex-members of the Kuomintang
October 19, 1950 - While in Beijing - PLA troops capture the border town of Chamdo in Tibet. At the same time, a unit of the People’s Liberation Army, the People’s Volunteer Army (PVA), crosses the border with Korea
November 25, 1950 - While in Beijing - Mao’s oldest son Mao Anying is killed by an air attack in Tongchang, North Korea, aged 28
December 31, 1950 - Beijing - Dinner with Communist Leaders of China
January 21, 1951 - Beijing - Telegram to communist party members in Shanghai: "In a big city like Shanghai, probably it will take one to two thousand executions during this year to solve the problem. In the spring, three to five hundred executions will be needed to suppress the enemy’s arrogance and enhance the people’s morale. In Nanjing, the East China Bureau should direct the party’s municipality committee ... and strive to execute one to two hundred of the most important reactionaries in the spring"
January 22, 1951 - Beijing - Telegram to communist party members in Guangdong: "It is very good that you have already killed more than 3,700. Another three to four thousand should be killed ... the target for this year’s executions may be eight or nine thousand"
May 23, 1951 - Beijing - Signing of the "Seventeen Point Agreement" between China and Tibet
October 26, 1951 - Beijing - Telegram to the 14th Dalai Lama
November 7, 1951 - Beijing - Telegram to Gheorghiu-Dej (Secretary-General of the Workers' Party of Romania)
January 1(?), 1952 - Beijing - Mao Zedong issues the "Five-anti Campaign" to rid chinese cities of corruption and enemies of the state (capitalists). The campaign negatively impacted the economy of big cities, forcing many businessmen to commit suicide
April 1, 1952 - While in Beijing - As a result of the "Five-anti Campaign", in Shanghai alone, at least 876 people commit suicide from January 25th to April 1st
January(?) 1(?), 1953 - Beijing - China sets in motion the "First Five Year Plan (1953-1957)", an economic policy with ambitious economic targets - To increase gross national industrial and agricultural output by 38% within five years, or by an average annual rate of 6.7%, gross agricultural output by 4% a year, and gross industrial output by 7.5%
November 23, 1953 - Beijing - Banquet for the North Korean Government Delegation
April 30, 1954 - Beijing - Mao Zedong and Minister of Finance Deng Xiaoping receive the hungarian ambassador, András Szobek
September 27, 1954 - Beijing - Mao Zedong becomes the Chairman of the People's Republic of China
October 19, 1954 - Beijing - Meeting with Jawaharlal Nehru
October 21, 1954 - Beijing - Meeting with Jawaharlal Nehru
October 23, 1954 - Beijing - Meeting with Jawaharlal Nehru
October 26, 1954 - Beijing - Meeting with Jawaharlal Nehru
February 1(?), 1956 - Beijing - Mao Zedong receives the 14th Dalai Lama in Beijing
February 25, 1956 - While in Beijing - In Moscow, Nikita Khrushchev addresses the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union with the speech "On the Cult of Personality and its consequences", sharply criticizing Stalin for the purges in 1930s and his cult of personality. The speech was the first major cause of the future Sino-Soviet Split
May 1(?), 1956 - Beijing - Mao Zedong launches the "Hundred Flowers Campaign" within the Communist Government of China to encourage citizens to express openly their opinions of the communist regime. The idea was in part a response to the demoralization of intellectuals, who felt estranged from the Communist Party
September 15, 1956 - Beijing - The first session of the 8th Chinese Communist Party Congress begins
September 27, 1956 - Beijing - The first session of the 8th Chinese Communist Party Congress ends
February 27, 1957 - Beijing - Speech "On the Correct Handling of the Contradictions Among the People" at the 11th Session of the Supreme State Conference
June 19, 1957 - Beijing - His speech "On the Correct Handling of contradictions among the people" is published on "People's Diary"
July 1(?), 1957 - Beijing - Mao Zedong orders a halt to the "Hundred Flowers Campaing" after Khrushchev denounces Stalin and the Hungarian Uprising of 1956. He immediatly launches the "Anti-Rightist Campaign)
November 2, 1957 - Moscow, Soviet Union - Arrives in Moscow
November 6, 1957 - Moscow - Attends the celebrations of the 40th anniversary of the October Revolution
November 14, 1957 - Moscow - Attends the Conference of Representatives of communist and workers Parties of Socialist countries
November 16, 1957 - Moscow - Attends the international meeting of Communist and Workers Parties
November 18, 1957 - Moscow - Mao Zedong addresses the meeting, publicly affirming support for Khrushchev's leadership in his struggle against the "Anti-Party Group"
December 31, 1957 - Beijing - By the end of 1957, about 300,000 people had been labeled as rightists during the "Anti-Rightist Campaign". The penalties included informal criticism, hard labor and sometimes, execution.
January 1(?), 1958 - Beijing - Mao Zedong launches the "Great Leap Forward", an economic and social campaign by the Chinese Communist Party (until 1962) to reconstruct the country from an agrarian economy into a communist society through the formation of people's communes. The "Great Leap Forward" resulted in the "Great Chinese Famine" with estimates ranging between 18 and 45 million deaths
May 5, 1958 - Beijing - The second session of the 8th Chinese Communist Party Congress begins
May 17, 1958 - Beijing - During the 8th Chinese Communist Party Congress, Mao Zedong decides to launch a satellite in orbit by 1959, after the successful launch of mankind's first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, by the Soviet Union
May 23, 1958 - Beijing - The second session of the 8th Chinese Communist Party Congress ends
July 31, 1958 - Beijing - Nikita Khrushchev visits Mao Zedong
March 10, 1959 - While in Beijing - Tibet Uprising - A revolt erupts in Lhasa against the control of the People's Republic of China
March 17, 1959 - While in Beijing - The 14th Dalai Lama flees with his family to India
April 27, 1959 - Beijing - Mao Zedong is succeeded by Liu Shaoqi as Chairman of the People's Republic of China
July 2, 1959 - Lushan, Jiangxi - Lushan Conference - Defence Minister, Marshal Peng Dehuai criticises the "Great Leap Forward", which is seen as a personal affront to Mao Zedong
July 23, 1959 - Lushan - Marshal Peng Dehuai is dismissed, arrested and replaced by General Lin Biao
August 1, 1959 - Lushan - End of the Lushan Conference. Mao Zedong departs to Beijing
October 2, 1959 - Beijing - Meeting with Nikita Khrushchev. Mao Zedong is displeased for the Soviet Premier's defence of Nehru and India
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| Che Guevara and Mao |
April 1(?), 1961 - While in Beijing - Due to the Great Famine, China is forced to purchase canadian wheat worth 326 million dollars on credit
January 1(?), 1962 - Beijing - Liu Shaoqi, Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, denounces the "Great Leap Forward"
October 20, 1962 - While in Beijing - The chinese launch simultaneous offensives over the indian forces in Ladakh and across the McMahon Line
November 20, 1962 - While in Beijing - China declares a ceasefire and withraws to a new line of control, gaining the Aksai Chin border region
January(?) 1(?), 1963 - Beijing - Mao Zedong launches the Socialist Education Movement, seeking to remove reactionary elements within the bureaucracy of the Communist Party of China, saying that "governance is also a process of socialist education." Chairman Liu Shaoqi and Secretary-General Deng Xiaoping believed that power should be taken by the party and that Mao Zedong’s role within the party should be confined to a symbolic figurehead. Together they began to take control of economic policy and became more vocal politically. Mao Zedong quickly became concerned that they were leading China towards capitalism and he began to take a more prominent role in politics again
January 1(?), 1964 - Beijing - Publication of the "Little Red Book". a pocket-sized collection of quotations from Mao Zedong that was the Cultural Revolution’s official handbook
February 2, 1964 - Beijing - During a conference, Mao Zedong introduces "directive 640" (Missile defence system capacity, due to the escalation of Cold War tensions)
October 16, 1964 - While in Beijing - China tests its first nuclear bomb at Lop Nur
December 21, 1965 - Hangzhou - Speech at Hangzhou
May 16, 1966 - Beijing - Mao Zedong issues the "May 16 Notification", a justification to start the "Cultural Revolution" - "Those representatives of the bourgeoisie who have sneaked into the Party, the government, the army, and various spheres of culture are a bunch of counter-revolutionary revisionists. Once conditions are ripe, they will seize political power and turn the dictatorship of the proletariat into a dictatorship of the bourgeoisie. Some of them we have already seen through; others we have not. Some are still trusted by us and are being trained as our successors, persons like Khrushchev for example, who are still nestling beside us"
July 16, 1966 - Yangtze River, Wuhan - Swims across the Yangtze River in an annual swim to commemorate his first historic swim across in 1956
August 18, 1966 - Tiananmen, Beijing - Mao Zedong meets with Song Binbin, a leader of the Red Guards, which greatly encourage the Red Guards to start a massive killing in the city
August 19, 1966 - Beijing - The campaign to destroy the "Four Olds"(*) begins. (*)Old customs, Old Culture, Old Habits and Old ideas
August 27, 1966 - Beijing - Daxing Massacre - From August 27 to 31, about 325 people are massacred by the Red Guards
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| Mao Zedong, 1967 |
June 14, 1967 - While in Beijing - China tests its first hydrogen Bomb
June 16, 1967 - Yangtze River, Wuhan - 72-year-old Mao Zedong swims across the Yangtze, with the press in tow
July 14, 1967 - Beijing - Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai decide to start China's own crewed space program
March 2, 1969 - Beijing - Battle of Zhenbao Island - PLA Troops ambush soviet border guards on Zhenbao Island. Mao Zedong has a meeting with the 4 marshals who commanded the PLA troops in the border regions with the Soviet Union to begin preparations for a possible all-out war
April 1, 1969 - Beijing - The 9th Chinese Communist Party Congress begins. Mao Zedong names General Lin Biao Vice-Chairman of the Communist Party of China, making him the Chairman's successor
April 24, 1969 - Beijing - The 9th Chinese Communist Party Congress ends
August 1(?), 1969 - While in Beijing - The Soviet Union considers the use of nuclear weapons againt China's numeric superiority
August 13, 1969 - While in Beijing - Tielieketi incident - A soviet force eliminates a squadron of 30 chinese soldiers
September 11, 1969 - Beijing - On his way back from the funeral of the Vietnamese leader Ho Chi Minh, soviet prime-minister Alexei Kosygin stops in Beijing for talks with his chinese counterpart, Zhou Enlai
April 24, 1970 - While in Beijing - China lauches its first artificial satellite Dong Fang Hong 1
October 1, 1970 - Tiannanmen, Beijing - Mao Zedong meets american journalist Edgar Snow
December 1(?), 1970 - Beijing - Meeting with Edgar Snow - Mao Zedong tells the american journalist that he would welcome Richard Nixon to China
February 1(?), 1971 - While in Beijing - General Lin Biao, untrusted by Mao Zedong, begins to plot the Chairman's assassination
March 1(?), 1971 - While in Beijing - General Lin Biao and his son, Lin Liguo, hold a secret meeting with Liguo's closest colleagues in the Air Force at an Air Base in Shanghai. A plan is drafted for Mao Zedong's assassination
April 6, 1971 - Beijing - During the 31st World Table Tennis Championships in Nagoya, Japan, Mao Zedong invites the US Ping pong team to Beijing
July 9, 1971 - Beijing - Henry Kissinger visits Beijing for the first time to confer with Prime-Minister Zhou Enlai. The visit lasted 2 days and was kept in secret
August 15, 1971 - Southern China - Mao Zedong leaves Beijing to discuss the political fate of General Lin Biao with other senior political and military leaders
September 8, 1971 - While in Southern China - Informed on September 5th that the Chairman was preparing to purge him, General Lin Biao gives orders to proceed with the plan to assassinate Mao Zedong - The plan, involved sabotaging his train before he returned to Beijing
September 12, 1971 - Beijing - Mao Zedong arrives safely to Beijing by train. His bodyguards foil the assassination attempt by changing the train's route to Beijing. The Chairman is now aware of Lin Biao's involvement
September 13, 1971 - While in Beijing - General Lin Biao and family fly to the Soviet Union, however, the plane did not take aboard enough fuel before taking off. After running out of fuel, it crashes near Öndörkhaan in Mongolia. Everyone on board dies
October 25, 1971 - While in Beijing - The United Nations General Assembly passes Resolution 2758, recognizing the People's Republic of China as "the only legitimate representative of China to the United Nations". Chiang Kai-Shek's representatives are removed from the United Nations
February 29, 1972 - Beijing - Receives U.S.President Richard Nixon in Beijing
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| Mao Zedong and Nixon, 1972 |
August 28, 1973 - Beijing - The 10th Chinese Communist Party Congress ends
June 21, 1975 - Beijing - Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping receive Pol Pot
March 1(?), 1976 - Beijing - Suffers a heart attack
May 27, 1976 - Beijing - Last public appearance. Mao meets Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Pakistan's Prime-Minister
June 26, 1976 - Beijing - Suffers a second heart attack
September 5, 1976 - Beijing - Suffers a third heart attack
September 9, 1976 - Beijing - Mao Zedong has a fourth heart attack and dies, aged 82 =(END)
A informação recolhida é deveras impressionante! Parabéns por esse trabalho que, só por si, mostra a qualidade do pesquisador.
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