Showing posts with label Schutzstaffel. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Schutzstaffel. Show all posts

Monday, 18 April 2022

Heinrich Himmler | Timeline

Heinrich Himmler (7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron; SS), and a leading member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) of Germany. Himmler was one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and a main architect of the Holocaust. (Intro from Wikipedia)

October 7, 1900 - Munich, Germany - Heinrich Luitpold Himmler is born
January(?) 1(?), 1913 - Landshut, NE of Munich - The family moves from Munich when Gebhard Himmler is appointed joint-headmaster at Landshut
July 29, 1915 - Landshut - His elder brother turns 17 and enters the "Landsturm" (Reserve Army): "Oh I wish to be as old as that [...] and so be able to go to the front"
December 1(?), 1917 - Regensburg - Enlists with the reserve battalion of the 11th Bavarian Regiment
June(?) 1(?), 1918 - Freising - Completes a course for officer-cadets in Freising (in the Summer)
September 1(?), 1918 - Bayreuth - Completes a machine-gunner course in Bayreuth
December 18, 1918 - Landshut - Discharged. Returns to Landshut
August 1(?), 1919 - Ingolstadt - Begins his famous diary while working on a farm near Ingolstadt
September 1(?), 1919 - Ingolstadt - Gebhard Himmler takes up a post of headmaster at Ingolstadt and all family moves there
September 4, 1919 - Ingolstadt - Himmler falls ill and it is found that he had paratyphoid fever
October 18, 1919 - Munich - After his recovery, Himmler is told he had to leave the farm for at least an year. He is accepted as a student at the Munich Technische Hochschule
October 20, 1919 - Munich - Begins studying Agronomy at the Munich Technische Hochschule
December 1(?), 1919 - Munich - Diary: "I believe I have come into conflict with my religion [...] but whatever happens I shall always love God and pray to Him, and remain faithful to the Catholic Church and defend it even if I should be expelled from it"
November 5, 1921 - Munich - Attends the funeral of Ludwig II of Bavaria
January 18, 1922 - Munich - He takes part in a nationalist student ceremony to commemorate the founding of the German Empire
January 26, 1922 - Munich - Attends a meeting with Ernst Röhm at a rifle-club meeting in Munich =(START)
August 5, 1922 - Munich - Graduates from the Technical College and gains his agricultural diploma
August 1(?), 1923 - Munich - Joins the Nazi Party (NSDAP)
September 1(?), 1923 - Munich - Abandons his low-paying office job
Himmler holding the Imperial War flag
during the "Putsch" in Munich
November 8, 1923 - Munich - Hitler and the Nazis, alongside national conservatives, try toseize power in Munich in the Beer Hall "Putsch" (coup d'état). Troops open fire and 16 nazis are killed. The Nazi Party is banned
February 15, 1924 - Stadelheim - Visits Ernst Röhm at Stadelheim prison
May 30, 1924 - Viechtach - Speaks about the "dubious machinations of the jews"
August 25, 1924 - Aidenbach - Speech in Aidenbach
September 24, 1924 - Fürstenzell - Speech in Fürstenzell
April 4, 1925 - Munich - Foundation of the Schutzkommando. Himmler joins as an SS-Führer (SS-Leader)
May 1, 1925 - While in Munich - Ernst Röhm sends Hitler his resignation as leader of the SA-stormtroopers
June 4, 1925 - Straubing - Speech "The Freemasons' Lodge as a Tool of the Jews"
June 13, 1925 - Zwiesel - Speaks on the topic "Jewry and Bolshevism"
June 24, 1925 - Deggendorf - Speech in Deggendorf
August 2, 1925 - Munich - Rejoins the Nazi Party (NSDAP). Begins working under Gregor Strasser as a party secretary and propaganda assistant
November 9, 1925 - Munich - The Schutzkommando becomes "Schutzstaffel" (Protection Squadron), the SS, on the second anniversary of the Putsch
November 12, 1925 - Rotthalmünster - Speech "What does National Socialism want?"
November 19, 1925 - Landshut - Himmler meets Josef Goebbels. Speech for the Landshut local branch
January 12, 1926 - Munich - Himmler is interrogated by the Munich police
March 9, 1926 - Dingolfing - Speech for the Dingolfing local branch
March 19, 1926 - Irlbach - Speech in Irlbach
March 20, 1926 - Strasskirchen - Speech in Strasskirchen
March 25, 1926 - Landshut - Speech in Landshut
March 26, 1926 - Malgersdorf - Speech for the Malgersdorf local branch
March 27, 1926 - Plattling - Speech in Plattling
April 13, 1926 - Landshut - With Goebbels during one of his speaking tours
April 30, 1926 - Malgersdorf - Speaks about "The Threats from the Jews"
July 3, 1926 - Weimar - 2nd NSDAP congress (2 days)
October 30, 1926 - Zwickau - With Goebbels at Zwickau
April 9, 1927 - Regensburg - Public meeting of the Regensburg NSDAP local branch
January 6, 1929 - Munich - SS Commander Erhard Heiden resigns. Himmler assumes the position of Reichsführer-SS
August 8, 1929 - Munich - Daughter Gudrun is born
June 14, 1931 - Munich - Himmler interviews Reinhard Heydrich, giving him 20 minutes to outline an organizational plan for a future counter-intelligence service. Himmler is so impressed that he makes Heydrich the head of his "Ic-Dienst", which would become the SD - the Intelligence Agency of the SS and Nazy Party in 1932
December 31, 1931 - Munich - Himmler introduces the "Marriage order" - The SS Race and Settlement Main Office would only issue a permit to marry once detailed background investigations into the racial fitness of both prospective parents had been completed and proved both of them to be of Aryan descent back to 1800
March 1(?), 1933 - Munich - Reich Governor of Bavaria Franz Ritter von Epp appoints Himmler chief of the Munich Police
March 21, 1933 - Dachau, Bavaria - Himmler establishes an experimental concentration camp at Dachau, Bavaria
November 3, 1933 - Wewelsburg, near Paderborn -
First visit to Wewelsburg Castle
April 1(?), 1934 - Munich - At Hitler's request, Himmler and Heydrich begin building a dossier on SA leader Ernst Röhm in an effort to remove him as a rival for party leadership
April 10, 1934 - Berlin - Göring addresses the assembled Gestapo in the presence of Himmler and Heydrich, to explain that Himmler would in future take charge of their work as his deputy.
April 13, 1934 - Berlin - Himmler orders the "Leibstandarte Bodyguard regiment" to become known as the "Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler"
April 20, 1934 - Berlin - As a means of isolating Röhm, Göring transfers control of the Prussian political police (Gestapo) to Himmler, who, Göring believed, could be counted on to move against Röhm. Reinhard Heydrich becomes his deputy
April 22, 1934 - Munich - Himmler names Heydrich to head the Gestapo, while also continuing as head of the SD
June 1(?), 1934 - Stettin - SS review in Stettin. Himmler invites Rudolf Höss to join the staff of Dachau prisoner camp
June 20, 1934 - Berlin - Conference with Hitler. After the meeting, Himmler claimed he was shot at while driving his car to the internment of the body of Carin, Göring's first wife
June 24, 1934 - Berlin - Conference of the SS High Command
July 20, 1934 - Berlin - The SS becomes an independent organisation answerable only to Hitler. The SA is converted into a sports and training organization
July 1, 1935 - Berlin - Himmler founds the "Deutsches Ahnenerbe Studiengesellschaft für Geistesurgeschichte" (Society for the Study of the History of Primeval Ideas)
Himmler at Dachau
May 6, 1936 - Dachau, Bavaria -
Himmler and Eichmann inspect the Dachau concentration camp
July 2, 1936 - Quedlinburg, Harz Mountains - Himmler celebrates his new appointment with a ceremonial commemorating the 1000th anniversary of the death of Heinrich I
October 19, 1937 - Rome, Italy - Himmler attends a fashion show in Rome with Benito Mussolini, Reinhard Heydrich and Kurt Daluege
March 11, 1938 - Linz, Austria - Arrives in Linz to supervise security arrangements for Hitler's arrival
March 12, 1938 - Vienna, Austria - Himmler flies to Aspern (Vienna airport) to meet with austrian SS leader Kaltenbrunner
May 6, 1938 - Rome, Italy - Himmler and Goebbels meet Mussolini
March 10, 1939 - Berlin - Himmer meets the famous Berlin masseur Felix Kersten
March 16, 1939 - Prague - Onset of Nazi students in the courtyard of Prague Castle - with Hitler, Heydrich and Karl Wolff
May 20, 1939 - Münsterlager training area - Hitler and Himmler attend a live-fire military exercise at the Münsterlager training area
September 13, 1939 - Berlin - Departs for the north (Danzig?) to follow Hitler
September 26, 1939 - Berlin - Returns to Berlin with Hitler
October 7, 1939 - Berlin - Hitler appoints Himmler head of the Reich Commissariat for the Consolidation of German Nationhood
September 7, 1940 - Metz, France - Himmler addresses the officers of the SS Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler Division
October 19, 1940 - Madrid, Spain - Visits General Franco in Madrid, Spain
March 1, 1941 - Auschwitz concentration camp (Oświęcim, Poland), 50km SW of Kraków - Heinrich Himmler visits Auschwitz and orders the camp to be expanded
March 12, 1941 - Wewelsburg - Himmler summons Heydrich, Daluege and other senior officers to Wewelsburg for a 3-day meeting. He declares that one of the aims of the Russian campaign is "to decimate the Slav population by thirty millions"
March 20, 1941 - Berlin - Himmler, Heydrich and Rudolf Hess, among others, attend a "Generalplan Ost" exhibition
August 15, 1941 - Minsk, Soviet Union - Himmler visits Minsk and witnesses the shooting of 100 jews by Arthur Nebe's Einsatzkommando. Nauseated and shaken by the experience, he was concerned about the impact such actions would have on the mental health of his SS men, and decides to look for other methods of killing
November 11, 1941 - Berlin - Himmler admits to Kersten that the destruction of the jews was being planned
November 29, 1941 - Prague - Himmler visits Prague. Welcomed by Heydrich and Karl Wolff
December 12, 1941 - Berlin - Reich Chancellery Meeting - Hitler resolves that the Jews of Europe were to be exterminated immediately, rather than after the war, which now had no end in sight.
December 18, 1941 - Wolfsschanze, Rastenburg (Ketrzyn, Poland) - Himmler to Hitler: "What to do with the jews of Russia?" (Hitler) "exterminate them as partisans!"
May 27, 1942 - Wolfsschanze, Rastenburg (Ketrzyn, Poland) - Himmler bursts into tears after being informed that Reinhard Heydrich was seriously injured after an assassination attempt. He drives 30 miles to see Hitler at Rastenburg, and both decide to send their physicians by air to Prague in an attempt to save Heydrich's life
May 31, 1942 - Prague-Liben - Himmler visits Heydrich in the hospital and both have a conversation
June 2, 1942 - Prague-Liben - Himmler visits Heydrich in the hospital once more
June 8, 1942 - Berlin - Obsequies over Heydrich's coffin at the chancellery. Hitler lays a wreath of orchids and touches the heads of Heydrich's two little sons whom Himmler was holding by the hand. The Berlin Philarmonic Orchestra plays Wagner's funeral March. Himmler delivers the final oration on Heydrich's career before the body is taken for burial
June 9, 1942 - Berlin - Himmler takes command of the SD after Heydrich's death
July 17, 1942 - Auschwitz concentration camp (Oświęcim, Poland), 50km SW of Kraków - Himmler visits Auschwitz and is given a demonstration of the gassing of a selection of 499 dutch jews
July 18, 1942 - Auschwitz concentration camp - Himmler is given a tour of the building site of "Auschwitz III" - the new IG Farben plant being constructed at Monowitz
October 11, 1942 - Rome, Italy - Mussolini receives Heinrich Himmler
November 13, 1942 - Dachau, Bavaria - Himmler visits Dachau concentration camp to see the results of Dr.Sigmund Rascher's experiments on human beings
February 12, 1943 - Lublin, Poland - Trip to Lublin
March 9, 1943 - Dachau - Visit to Dachau concentration camp
April 1(?), 1943 - Peenemünde - Visit to the rocket establishment at Peenemünde and meets the scientist in charge of the research and development of liquid-propellant rockets, Major-General Walter Dornberger
April 11, 1943 - Berchstesgaden - Himmler meets Guderian at Berchtesgaden. He opposes any integration of the new SS armoured divisions with the Army
August 24, 1943 - Berlin - Himmler joins the six-member Council of Ministers for the Defense of the Reich (a war cabinet)
August 25, 1943 - Berlin - Himmler takes over the post of Interior Minister, replacing Wilhelm Frick
Posen speech
October 4, 1943 - Posen (Poznań, Poland) - First speech to a gathering of SS leaders at the"Hotel Ostland" in Posen, speaking for the first time of the "ongoing extermination of the jews"
October 6, 1943 - Posen - Second speech to a gathering of SS leaders about the "ongoing extermination of the jews"
December 4, 1943 - Hochwaldt, East Prussia - Himmler receives Kersten at this HQ in East Prussia: "give me time. I can’t get rid of the Führer, to whom I owe everything"
March 26, 1944 - Berghof, Berchstesgaden - During a meeting with Heinrich Himmler, Hermann Göring and Wilhelm Keitel, Adolf Hitler receives a report about the mass escape from Stalag Luft III. In a bad mood, Hitler orders the fugitives to be summarily shot. Himmler and Göring  try to persuade him from that decision, believing the killings would create an international outcry. In the end, they agree to a compromise: half of the allied officers would be shot
July 20, 1944 - Berchtesgaden - First daughter with Hedwig Potthast, Nanette-Dorothea, is born in Berchtesgaden
July 22, 1944 - Berlin - Himmler returns to Berlin after the failed attempt on Hitler's life and orders the execution of Claus von Stauffenberg and three of his co-conspirators
September 10, 1944 - Salzburg, Austria - Gives the Oak leaves decoration to tank ace Johannes Bölter
January 25, 1945 - Schneidemühl - Hitler appoints Himmler as commander of the Army Group Vistula - Himmler establishes his command centre at Schneidemühl
February 18, 1945 - Hohenlychen Sanatorium, 75km N. of Berlin - Himmler flees to the Hohenlychen Sanatorium
March 20, 1945 - While at Hohenlychen Sanatorium - Guderian convinces Hitler to remove Himmler from the command of Heeresgruppe (ArmyGroup) Vistula
March 21, 1945 - Outside the Reich Chancellery, Berlin - General Guderian tells Himmler: "The war can no longer be won...You must go with me to Hitler and urge him to arrange an armistice"
April 12, 1945 - Hohenlychen Sanatorium - Himmler meets swedish diplomat Folke Bernardotte
April 20, 1945 - Berlin - Hitler's 56th birthday. Himmler visits the Führer and swears unswerving loyaly to him. Breefing with Hitler and Göring. For the first time, Berlin is bombarded by soviet artillery
April 21, 1945 - Outside Berlin -
Himmler meets with Norbert Mazur, a swedish representative of the World Jewish Congress, to discuss the release of jewish concentration camp inmates
April 23, 1945 - Lübeck - Himmler meets directly with Folke Bernadotte at the Swedish consulate in Lübeck. Representing himself as the provisional leader of Germany, he claims that Hitler would be dead within the next few days. Hoping that the British and Americans would fight the Soviets alongside what remained of the Wehrmacht, Himmler asks Bernadotte to inform Eisenhower that Germany wishes to surrender to the Western Allies. Bernadotte asks Himmler to put his proposal in writing, and Himmler obliges
April 27, 1945 - Rheinsburg - Himmler, Dönitz, Jodl and Keitel meet at the Army High Command to discuss the war situation and the imminent fall of Berlin
April 28, 1945 - While in Lübeck - The BBC broadcasts a Reuters news report about Himmler's attempted negotiations with the western Allies
April 29, 1945 - While in Lübeck - Hitler writes his Last Will and Testament, declaring both Himmler and Göring to be traitors. He strips Himmler of all of his party and state offices and expels him from the Nazi Party. Hitler names Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz as his successor
April 30, 1945 - Lübeck | Plön - Dönitz confronts Himmler at his headquarters in Lübeck. Later the same day, after receiving a telegram from Bormann confirming Himmler's dismissal and Dönitz's appointment as Hitler's successor, Dönitz summons Himmler to Plön to tell him of Hitler's decision
May 2, 1945 - Lübeck - Himmler argues for a move of the Reich Government to Prague, which was the last major european capital in german hands, and closer to advancing american units. However, Dönitz decides to relocate to the Mürwik Naval Academy in Flensburg
May 3, 1945 - Flensburg - Dönitz's headquarters is relocated to the port of Flensburg, northern Germany
May 6, 1945 - Flensburg - Letter from Dönitz dismissing him from all his posts
May 10, 1945 - Flensburg - Himmler decides to flee from Germany with 14 other disguised SS accomplices
May 11, 1945 - Friedrichskoog - Himmler heads south to Friedrichskoog with a small band of companions.
May 21, 1945 - Bremervörde - Himmler and two aides are stopped and detained at a checkpoint in Bremervörde set up by former soviet POWs
May 23, 1945 - Lüneburg - Heinrich Himmler is taken to the British 31st Civilian interrogation Camp near Lüneburg. After admitting who he is, Himmler is then taken to the headquarters of the Second British Army in Lüneburg. During a medical exam, he where he bites into a hidden potassium cyanide pill and collapses onto the floor, aged 44 =(END)

Monday, 29 May 2017

Reinhard Heydrich | Timeline

Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich (7 March 1904 – 4 June 1942) was a high-ranking German Nazi official during World War II, and a main architect of the Holocaust. He was an SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei (Senior Group Leader and Chief of Police) as well as chief of the Reich Main Security Office (including the Gestapo, Kripo, and SD). He was also Stellvertretender Reichsprotektor (Deputy/Acting Reich-Protector) of Bohemia and Moravia. Heydrich served as president of the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC; later known as Interpol) and chaired the January 1942 Wannsee Conference, which formalised plans for the Final Solution to the Jewish Question—the deportation and genocide of all Jews in German-occupied Europe. (Intro from Wikipedia)

~Some details are sketchy - you can help complete it~

March 7, 1904 - Halle an der Salle, Sachsen - Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich is born
February 1(?), 1919 - Halle - 15-year old Heydrich joins a right-wing paramilitary unit to participate in the recapture of Halle from communist hands
January(?) 1(?), 1921 - Halle - As a result of the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles, hyperinflation spread across Germany and many lost their life savings. Few townspeople could afford a musical education at Bruno Heydrich's conservatory. This led to a financial crisis for the Heydrich family.
March 22, 1922 - Kiel - After earning his high School diploma, Heydrich joins the Reichsmarine
April 1, 1922 - Kiel(?) - Heydrich is promoted to Fähnrich zur See (midshipman)
April 1, 1924 - Mürwik Naval Academy - Heydrich is promoted to Oberfähnrich zur See (Senior Midshipman)
Heydrich, as a fencer
July 1, 1926 - ? - Heydrich is promoted to Leutnant zur See, and assigned as a signals officer on the battleship "Schleswig-Holtein"
July 1, 1928 - ? - Heydrich is promoted to Oberleutnant zur See (sub-lientenant)
December 6, 1930 - Kiel - Heydrich meets Lina von Osten at a rowing-club Ball
December 18, 1930 - Heydrich and Lina announce their engagement
April 30, 1931 - Kiel(?) - Heydrich was charged with "conduct unbecoming to an officer and gentleman" for breaking an engagement promise to a woman he had known for six months before the von Osten engagement. Admiral Erich Raeder dismissed Heydrich from the navy that April
June 30, 1931 - Munich - Himmler interviews Reinhard Heydrich, giving him 20 minutes to outline an organizational plan for a future counter-intelligence service. Himmler is so impressed that he makes Heydrich the head of his "Ic-Dienst", which would become the SD - the Intelligence Agency of the SS and Nazy Party in 1932 =(START)
July 14, 1931 - Hamburg - Heydrich enters into the Hamburg SS
August 1, 1931 - Munich - Heydrich is transfered to Munich and begins his job as chief of the new "Ic-Service"
August 10, 1931 - Munich - Heydrich is promoted to SS-Sturmführer (lieutenant)
October 1(?), 1931 - Munich - Heydrich finishes the creation of a network of spies and informers for intelligence-gathering purposes and to obtain information to be used as blackmail to further political aims
December 1, 1931 - Munich(?) - Heydrich is promoted to SS-Sturmhauptführer (captain)
December 26, 1931 - Grossenbrode - Heydrich keeps the engagement with Lina von Osten and marries her. Promoted to SS-Sturmbannführer (Major)
July 29, 1932 - Munich(?) - Heydrich is promoted to SS-Standartenführer (Colonel)
March 21, 1933 - Munich(?) - Heydrich is promoted to SS-Oberführer (Senior Colonel)
November 9, 1933 - Munich(?) - Heydrich is promoted to SS-Brigadeführer (Brigadier General)
April 1(?), 1934 - Munich - At Hitler's request, Himmler and Heydrich begin building a dossier on SA leader Ernst Röhm in an effort to remove him as a rival for party leadership
April 10, 1934 - Berlin - Göring addresses the assembled Gestapo in the presence of Himmler and Heydrich, to explain that Himmler would in future take charge of their work as his deputy.
April 20, 1934 - Berlin - As a means of isolating Röhm, Göring transfers control of the Prussian political police (Gestapo) to Himmler, who, Göring believed, could be counted on to move against Röhm. Reinhard Heydrich becomes his deputy
Heydrich at his office, Munich, 1934
April 22, 1934 - Munich - Himmler names Heydrich to head the Gestapo, while also continuing as head of the SD
June 6, 1934 - Munich(?) - Heydrich is appointed the official Intelligence office of the Nazi party
June 30, 1934 - Berlin(?) - Heydrich is promoted to SS-Gruppenführer (major General)
January(?) 1(?), 1936 - Berlin - For some months, Heydrich is involved in the preparation of the Olympic Games
January 1(?), 1937 - Berlin(?) - Heydrich directs the SD to secretly begin collecting and analysing public opinion and report back their findings. He then had the Gestapo carry out house searches, arrests, and interrogations, thus in effect exercising control over public opinion
October 19, 1937 - Rome, Italy - Heydrich attends a fashion show in Rome with Benito Mussolini, Heinrich Himmler and Kurt Daluege
February 1(?), 1938 - Berlin(?) - Heydrich intensifies the pressure on Austria by organizing nazi demonstrations and distributing propaganga in Vienna stressing the common Germanic blood of the two countries
March 12, 1938 - Vienna, Austria - Joins austrian SS leader Kaltenbrunner in Vienna
November 10, 1938 - Berlin(?) - Heydrich sends out a telegram to various police organizations giving orders for police behavior during the riots
December 24, 1938 - Berlin(?) - Heydrich advised Gestapo leaders to investigate reasons for arrests, as there were now more prisoners than the space available in concentration camps
January 31, 1939 - Berlin(?) - Heydrich ordered that Jews can only be released from protective custody if they present documents for emigration, and that Jews who were being committed to a concentration camp a second time would be committed to concentration camps for life
February 1(?), 1939 - Kitzbühel, Austria - Heydrich attends a SS ski competition
March 16, 1939 - Prague - Onset of Nazi students in the courtyard of Prague Castle - with Hitler, Himmler and Karl Wolff
July 30, 1939 - Berlin(?) - Heydrich establishes the "Stiftung Nordhav", a foundation to obtain real estate to be used as rest and recreation centers for members of the SS
Heydrich, as a pilot
September 12, 1939 - Märzdorf | Neudorf - Heydrich first sees air action as a gunner, with bomber Group KG55
September 21, 1939 - Berlin(?) - After discussions with Hitler in the preceding weeks, on 21 September SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich, head of the SD, advised his staff that Jews were to be collected into cities in Poland with good rail links to facilitate their expulsion from territories controlled by Germany, starting with areas that had been incorporated into the Reich. He announced plans to create a reservation in the General Government (the portion of Poland not incorporated into the Reich), where Jews and others deemed undesirable would await further deportation
September 27, 1939 - Berlin(?) - The SD and Sicherheitspolizei (comprising the Gestapo and Kripo police agencies) were combined into the new SS-Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA; Reich Main Security Office), which was placed under Heydrich's control.
October 1, 1939 - Berlin(?) - The title of "Chef der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD" is conferred on Heydrich
October 17, 1939 - Berlin(?) - Heydrich orders all gypsy populations to cease travelling or face a concentration camp
November 29, 1939 - Berlin(?) - Heydrich issues a cable about the "evacuation of New Eastern Provinces", detailing the deportation of people by railway to concentration camps
January(?) 1(?), 1940 - Werneuchen - Heydrich completes fighter pilot course at Jagdfliegerschule 1 Werneuchen
April 15(?), 1940 - Kristiansand-Kjevik, South Norway - Flies a Bf110 in the Fighter Group II./JG 77 "Herz" as a "hauptmann" (captain)
May 13, 1940 - Stavanger-Sola, Norway - Heydrich's Bf109E-1 crashes during take-off and he is injured
June(?) 1(?), 1940 - Berlin - Heydrich returns to Berlin after another air accident (patrols over north germany and the Netherlands)
August 24, 1940 - Berlin - Heydrich becomes the president of the ICPC (later known as INTERPOL)
March 12, 1941 - Wewelsburg - Himmler summons Heydrich, Daluege and other senior officers to Wewelsburg for a 3-day meeting. He declares that one of the aims of the Russian campaign is "to decimate the Slav population by thirty millions"
May 1(?), 1941 - Jever - Service with Luftwaffe's I./JG 1
July 2, 1941 - Berlin - In a letter dated 2 July 1941 Heydrich communicated to his SS and Police Leaders that the Einsatzgruppen were to execute Comintern officials, ranking members of the Communist Party, extremist and radical Communist Party members, people's commissars, and Jews in party and government posts
July 8, 1941 - Berlin - Heydrich announces that all Jews were to be regarded as partisans, and gives the order for all male Jews between the ages of 15 and 45 to be shot.
July 15(?), 1941 - Bălţi, Moldavia - Heydrich flies his personal Bf 109 with group II./JG 77 as a "Major"
July 17, 1941 - Bălţi, Moldavia - Heydrich orders the four SS Einsatzgruppen under his command to exterminate Jewish and Roma communities in his sphere of influence
July 22, 1941 - over Yampil (olshanka) - Heydrich's Bf109E-7 is hit by soviet anti-aircraft fire (Shot down by Alexander Pokryshkin, according to soviet records). He belly lands behind enemy lines and evades a soviet patrol, contacting a forward german patrol
July 23, 1941 - Bălţi, Moldavia - Heydrich returns to Bălţi
July 31, 1941 - Berlin - Heydrich returns to Berlin and is awarded the EK I. Hermann Göring gives written authorization to Heydrich to prepare and submit a plan for a "total solution of the Jewish question" in territories under German control and to coordinate the participation of all involved government organisations.
September 23, 1941 - Prague - Heydrich arrives in Prague after some weeks serving with the Luftwaffe
September 27, 1941 - Prague - Heydrich is promoted to "SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei" and appointed Deputy Reich Protector of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
September 28, 1941 - Prague - Heydrich orders martial law in Prague
September 29(?), 1941 - Prague - Encounter between Heydrich and the President Hacha of Bohemia and Moravia
October 4, 1941 - Prague - Heydrich meets with Martin Luther and they agree to send a combined delegation from the Foreign Office and IVB4 to Belgrade to investigate
October 10, 1941 - Prague - Heydrich is the senior officer at a "Final Solution" meeting of the RSHA that discussed deporting 50,000 Jews from the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia to ghettos in Minsk and Riga. He establishes a camp-ghetto in Sudetenland in southern Germany (occupied Czechoslovakia) that would later be known as the Theresienstadt Concentration Camp. He recommended the site to be used to house deported German, Austrian, and Czechoslovakian Jews. He places Adolf Eichmann and Rolf Günther in charge of establishing this camp-ghetto
October 30, 1941 - Prague - Heydrich appoints Siegfried Seidl the commandant of the camp-ghetto soon to be known as the Theresienstadt Concentration Camp in occupied Czechoslovakia
November 29, 1941 - Prague - Himmler visits Prague. Welcomed by Heydrich and Karl Wolff
December 4, 1941 - Prague - Albert Speer meet Heydrich in Prague to ask him for 15,000 czech workers
January 12, 1942 - Berlin(?) - Göring's birthday with presence of Reinhard Heydrich
January 20, 1942 - Wannsee - Wannsee Conference. At the same time, Prague is taken out of Martial Law
April(?) 2(?), 1942 - Minsk - Heydrich flies to Minsk to deliver in person a stern reprimand to Wilhelm Kube, the Generalkommissar for White Russia
Reinhard Heydrich's funeral, Berlin
May 26, 1942 - Prague - Heydrich and wife Line attend a concert of Richard Bruno Heydrich's music in the Waldstein Palace
May 27, 1942 - Prague-Liben - As Heydrich begins a trip to Berlin to meet Hitler, he is ambushed and wounded by two british-trained czech nationalists
June 2, 1942 - Prague-Liben - Himmler visits Heydrich in the hospital and both have a conversation. After Himmler's visit, Heydrich's state suddenly worsens because of an infection in the stomachal cavity and slips into a coma
June 4, 1942 - Prague-Liben - Reinhard Heydrich dies of sepsis, in consequence of his wounds, aged 38 =(END)

Saturday, 27 May 2017

Adolf Eichmann | Timeline

Otto Adolf Eichmann (19 March 1906 – 1 June 1962) was a German Nazi SS-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) and one of the major organisers of the Holocaust. Eichmann was tasked by SS-Obergruppenführer (general/lieutenant general) Reinhard Heydrich with facilitating and managing the logistics involved in the mass deportation of Jews to ghettos and extermination camps in German-occupied Eastern Europe during World War II. In 1960, Eichmann was captured in Argentina by the Mossad, Israel's intelligence service. Following a widely publicised trial in Israel, he was found guilty of war crimes and hanged in 1962. (Intro from Wikipedia)

Some details are sketchy - Concentration Camp visit dates needed

March 19, 1906 - Solingen, Rhine - Otto Adolf Eichmann is born
January(?) 1(?), 1914 - Linz, Austria - The Eichmann family moves to Linz, where Adolf's father started working one year earlier as a commercial manager for the Linz tramway and electrical company
January(?) 1(?), 1925 - Linz, Austria - Works as a sales clerk for the Oberöterreichische Elektrobau AG radio company
January(?) 1(?), 1927 - Upper Austria | Salzburg - Works as a district agent for the Vacuum Oil Company AG
April 1, 1932 - Linz, Austria - Eichmann joins the austrian branch of the NSDAP (Nazi party)
November 9, 1932 - Linz, Austria - Eichmann joins the Schutzstaffel (SS) =(START)
January(?) 1(?), 1933 - Linz, Austria - Eichmann looses his job due to staffing cutbacks at Vacuum Oil
February 1(?), 1933 - Passau, German-Austrian Border - Eichmann leaves for Passau
August 1, 1933 - Klosterlechfeld - Attends a training programme at the SS depot
September 29, 1933 - Passau, German-Austrian Border - Eichmann returns to the Passau border, where he is assigned to lead a 8-man SS liaison team to guide Austrian National Socialists into Germany and smuggle propaganda material from there to Austria
Adolf Eichmann,
as a SS-Scharführer
December 24, 1933 - Dachau - Eichmann is promoted to SS-Scharführer (sergeant)
January 29, 1934 - Dachau - Eichmann requests transfer to the Sicherheitsdienst (SD:security service) of the SS, to escape "monotony" of military training and service at Dachau
November 1(?), 1934 - Berlin - Eichmann is granted transfer to Leopold von Mildenstein's Jewish Department, Section II/112 of the SD
March 21, 1935 - Berlin - Adolf Eichmann marries Veronika Liebl
September 1, 1935 - Berlin - Eichmann is promoted to SS-Oberscharführer (Staff Sergeant)
September 13, 1935 - Berlin - Eichmann is promoted to SS-Hauptscharführer (Sergeant 1st Class)
May 8, 1936 - Dachau - Himmler and Eichmann inspect Dachau concentration camp
September 26, 1937 - Berlin - Eichmann and Hagen begin their trip to Palestine, travelling via Poland, Romania, Istanbul and Piraeus
June 1(?), 1937 - Berlin - Eichmann destroys his reputation for anonymity when he almost breaks up Rabbi Joachim Prinz's farewell Party, creating a scene that the 2,000 guests were unable to ignore the SS man
July 1, 1937 - Berlin - Eichmann is ordered to Palestine to explore the possibility of deporting Europe's jews to the area
September 29(?), 1937 - Istanbul - Eichmann and Hagen depart to Piraeus
September 30(?), 1937 - Piraeus, Greece - Eichmann and Hagen depart to Haifa
October 2, 1937 - Haifa, Palestine - Eichmann and Hagen arrive in the port of Haifa. The british restrict their stay to 48 hours
October 4, 1937 - Alexandria, Egypt - The "Romania" steamship arrives in Alexandria, Egypt
October 7, 1937 - Cairo - Eichmann and Hagen meet the DNB-representative for Egypt, Gentz and Wilhelm Bormann, a businessman
October 10, 1937 - Cairo - Meetings with Feivel Polkes, of the "Haganah", on 10th and 11th
October 19, 1937 - Alexandria, Egypt - Eichmann and Hagen depart from Egypt
October 21(?), 1937 - Piraeus, Greece(?) - Eichmann and Hagen depart to Istanbul(?)
October 22(?), 1937 - Istanbul(?) - Eichmann and Hagen depart to Berlin?
November 9, 1937 - Berlin - Eichmann is commissioned as an SS-Untersturmführer (second lieutenant)
November 11, 1937 - Nuremberg - Eichmann visits Nuremberg Rally
March 16, 1938 - Vienna, Austria - Eichmann is posted to Vienna to help organise jewish emigration from Austria
July 1(?), 1938 - Vienna, Austria - Eichmann is promoted to SS-Obersturmführer (1st lieutenant)
August 20, 1938 - Vienna, Austria - Eichmann is appointed to the Central Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna
January 30, 1939 - Vienna, Austria - Eichmann is promoted to SS-Haupsturmführer (captain)
May 1(?), 1939 - Vienna, Austria - Eichmann leaves Vienna. Until that point, 100,000 jews had left Austria legally and many more smuggled out to Palestine and elsewhere
July 14, 1939 - Prague - Eichmann appears as Walter Stahlecker's "representative" at negotiations with the Protecturate's Government
July 26, 1939 - Prague - Posted in Prague to assist in setting up an emigration office there
October 1(?), 1939 - Berlin - Eichmann is transfered to Berlin to command the Central Office for Jewish Emigration for the entire Reich under Heinrich Müller, head of the Gestapo
November 4, 1939 - Berlin - Eichmann and his superior, SS-Oberscharführer Hagen report to their superiors about Palestine
December 19, 1939 - Berlin - Eichmann is assigned to head RSHA Referat IV B4 (RSHA Sub-Department IV-B4), tasked with overseeing Jewish affairs and evacuation. Heydrich announced Eichmann to be his "special expert", in charge of arranging for all deportations into occupied Poland. The job entailed co-ordinating with police agencies for the physical removal of the Jews, dealing with their confiscated property, and arranging financing and transport.
January 30, 1940 - Berlin - Special Department R, in Office IV is amalgamated with the Reich Central Office for jewish Emigration and became Department IV D4 in the office for occupied territories. The change broadened Eichmann's remit considerably: in addition to forced jewish emigration, he was now responsible for coordinating plans to relocate jews to the East
February 13, 1940 - Berlin - Eichmann’s department organizes forced emigration of Jews of Settin, the first instance of Jews of German nationality being deported from the Old Reich instead of recently annexed territory in the East. 230 people die as a result of this march
April 1(?), 1940 - Posen - Eichmann takes over the Central Resettlement Office with one of his colleagues
June 30, 1940 - Berlin - Hitler approves the Madagascar Plan. Eichmann is charged with the details of it's implementation
August 1, 1940 - Berlin - Eichmann is promoted to SS-Sturmbannführer (Major)
August 15, 1940 - Berlin - Eichmann released a memorandum titled Reichssicherheitshauptamt: Madagaskar Projekt (Reich Main Security Office: Madagascar Project), calling for the resettlement to Madagascar of a million Jews per year for four years.
March 20, 1941 - Berlin(?) - In a meeting at the ministry of Propaganda, Eichmann announces that it would be possible to deport 15,000 jews from Berlin, if they were joined up with the 60,000 jews that Hitler had approved for deportation
July(?) 14(?), 1941 - Bialystok - Eichmann reaches Bialystok on his way driving to Minsk
July(?) 15(?), 1941 - Minsk - Eichmann witnesses a mass shooting near Minsk
September 13, 1941 - Berlin(?) - Telephone conversation with Franz Rademacher about 8,000 jews interned in Serbia. Eichmann suggests shooting them
October 1(?), 1941 - Belzec - Visit to the Belzec Death Camp
October 10, 1941 - Prague - Eichmann is present in Prague when Heydrich announces the deportations to Lodz, Riga and Minsk
November 9, 1941 - Berlin(?) - Eichmann is promoted to SS-Oberturmbannführer (Lieutenant Colonel). He is ordered by Heydrich to prepare the meeting that would become "the Wannsee Conference"
November 29, 1941 - Berlin(?) - Eichmann sends invitations for a ministerial conference to be held on 9 December at the offices of Interpol at 16 Am Kleinen Wannsee
December 9, 1941 - Berlin(?) - The first meeting is cancelled due to the soviet counter-offensive in front of Moscow, ending the prospect of a rapid conquest of the Soviet Union, and Japan's declaration of War to the US (7th)
January 8, 1942 - Berlin(?) - Eichmann sends new invitations to a meeting to be held on 20 January
January 20, 1942 - Wannsee - Wannsee Conference
March 6, 1942 - Berlin(?) - Eichmann meets Franz Rademacher, from the Foreign Office
May 1(?), 1942 - Bratislava - Eichmann arrives in Bratislava for a round of meetings with Mach and the German Legation
May 27, 1942 - Bratislava - Eichmann receives the news of Heydrich's assassination attempt at Prague
June 11, 1942 - Berlin(?) - Eichmann summons the "jewish specialists" from France, Belgium and the Netherlands to Berlin
June 30, 1942 - Paris - Eichmann goes to Paris for two days to be briefed about the situation in France
July 1, 1942 - Paris - Last Paris Conference with Dannecker
July 10, 1942 - Berlin - Dannecker writes to Eichmann, asking what should be done with jewish children whose parents were selected for deportation to Auschwitz
August 28, 1942 - Berlin - Meeting with his "jewish specialists"
October 27, 1942 - Berlin(?) - Eichmann attends a conference on sterilization issues
June 28, 1943 - Theresienstadt - Eichmann and other Sipo-SD officers escort delegates of the German Red Cross to Theresienstadt
December 1(?), 1943 - Lódz, Poland - Business trip to Lódz to discuss the exploitation of jewish labour with the head of Ostindustrie, an SS enterprise
March 19, 1944 - Budapest - Eichmann arrives in Hungary the same day Germany invades the country, and is soon joined by top members of his staff and five or six hundred members of the SD, SS, and Sicherheitspolizei (SiPo; security police)
April 25, 1944 - Budapest - First of a series of meetings with Joel Brand, a hungarian jew and member of the Relief and Rescue Committee
April 28(?), 1944 - Northeastern Hungary - Eichmann tours northeastern Hungary in the last week of April
May 1(?), 1944 - Auschwitz - Eichmann visits Auschwitz to assess the preparations to receive deported hungarian jews
May 14, 1944 - Budapest - From this day, four trains of 3,000 jews per day leave Hungary and travel to the camp at Auschwitz II-Birkenau
June 30, 1944 - Budapest - Eichmann is involved in negotiations with Rudolf Kasztner that resulted in the rescue of 1,684 people, who were sent by train to safety in Switzerland in exchange for three suitcases full of diamonds, gold, cash and securities
July 1(?), 1944 - Budapest - Eichmann, resentful that Kurt Becher and others were becoming involved in Jewish emigration matters, and angered by Himmler's suspension of deportations to the death camps, requests reassignment
July 17, 1944 - Budapest - In spite of the orders to stop, Eichmann personally makes arrangements for additional trains of victims to be sent to Auschwitz
July 19, 1944 - Budapest - In spite of the orders to stop, Eichmann personally makes arrangements for additional trains of victims to be sent to Auschwitz
August 30(?), 1944 - Budapest - Eichmann is assigned to head a commando squad to assist in the evacuation of 10,000 ethnic germans trapped on the hungarian border with Romania in the path of the advancing Red Army. The people they were sent to rescue refused to leave, so instead the soldiers helped evacuate members of a German field hospital trapped close to the front. For this Eichmann was awarded the Iron Cross, Second Class
October 1(?), 1944 - Budapest - Eichmann arranges for tens of thousands of Jewish victims to travel by forced marches in appalling conditions from Budapest to Vienna, a distance of 210 kilometres
November 1(?), 1944 - Budapest - Eichmann arranges for tens of thousands of Jewish victims to travel by forced marches in appalling conditions from Budapest to Vienna, a distance of 210 kilometres
December 24, 1944 - Budapest - Eichmann flees Budapest just before the soviets complete their encirclement of the city
January 1(?), 1945 - Berlin - Eichmann returns to Berlin, where he arranged for the incriminating records of Department IV-B4 to be burned
March 5, 1945 - Theresienstadt - Eichmann visits Theresienstadt to check out the camp before the next Red Cross visit
April 15(?), 1945 - Prague - Ordered back to Prague
May 1, 1945 - Ebensee, Upper Austria - Eichmann reaches Ebensee
May 8, 1945 - Altaussee area, Austria - Along with many SS officers, Eichmann and family were living in safety in Austria when the war in Europe ends
June(?) 1(?), 1945 - Ulm, South Germany - Eichmann and his adjutant Rudolf Janisch are caught by the americans.
August(?) 1(?), 1945 - Weiden, Upper Palatinate - After the americans see his SS tattoo, he admits he is a Junior Lieutenant called Otto Eckmann
February 5, 1946 - Ober-Dachstetten, Franconia - Eichmann escapes the POW camp and heads north, away from the American Zone and towards the Celle District, with forged papers he received at the camp. The papers identify him as a forest ranger named Otto Heninger
March 12, 1946 - Eversen, Lüneburg Heath (near Bremen) - Eichmann becomes a forestry worker with nobody knowing who he was
January(?) 1(?), 1948 - Altensalzkoth area, Austria - Eichmann turns to Chicken Farming after the company he worked for went bankrupt
June 1, 1950 - The International Committee of the Red Cross issues a passport to Eichmann, under the name "Ricardo Klement"
June 17, 1950 - Genoa, Italy - Eichmann departs to Argentina with two other former SS men aboard the "SS Giovanni C"
July 14, 1950 - Buenos Aires, Argentina - Eichmann arrives in Buenos Aires
August(?) 1(?), 1950 - Tucumán, Argentina - Eichmann moves to Tucumán to work for CAPRI, a company that planned hydroelectric power plants.
December 1(?), 1950 - Tucumán - Eichmann writes a coded message to his wife Vera, advising her in code that he was alive and well, and that she should make arrangements to join him in Argentima
April 1(?), 1953 - Buenos Aires - The Capri firm declares bankruptcy and Eichmann moves his family to Buenos Aires
August 19, 1954 - Buenos Aires - Vera Eichmann applies for passports for her two older sons at the German Embassy. She shows her marriage certificate
March 1(?), 1959 - Buenos Aires - Eichmann is hired by Mercedes-Benz, still using the alias of "Ricardo Klement"
March 21, 1960 - Buenos Aires - Eichmann is identified by israeli agents as he entered his house with a bouquet of flowers to celebrate his Silver wedding anniversary
May 11, 1960 - San Fernando, Buenos Aires - Eichmann is captured by a eight-man Mossad team
May 20, 1960 - Buenos Aires - Eichmann is sedated and smuggled out of Argentina aboard an El Al Bristol Britannia
May 21, 1960 - Dakar, Senegal - Stop over Dakar to refuel
May 22, 1960 - Lod Airport, Tel-a-Viv, Israel - The aircraft arrives in Israel and Ben-Gurion announces Eichmann's capture to the Knesset
April 11, 1961 - Jerusalem - 
Adolf Eichmann in captivity
Eichmann's trial before the Jerusalem District Court begins

December 15, 1961 - Jerusalem - Eichmann is sentenced to death by hanging
March 22, 1962 - Appeal hearings take place until 29th
April 30(?), 1962 - Eichmann's wife Vera flies to Israel to see him for a last time
May 29, 1962 - The israeli supreme court rejects the appeal and upholds the District Court's judgement on all counts
June 1, 1962 - Ramla, Israel - Adolf Eichmann is hanged, aged 56 =(END)