Thursday 28 December 2017

John Bass Dabney | Timeline

John Bass Dabney (1766-1826) was a merchant and wine importer shipping from Bordeaux, France, to ports in the United States until, for business reasons, he moved to Fayal in the Azores. Continuing the consignment trade, he was made first U.S. consul to the Azores, 1806-1826. (Intro from "Massachusetts Historical Society)

December 13, 1766 - Boston - John Bass Dabney is born

July 26, 1772 - (While in Boston) - Roxanne "Roxa" Lewis is born in Dedham, Massachusetts
January(?) 1(?), 1775 - Oxford, Massachussets - To escape the pre-revolutionary activity of Boston, Robert Dabney moves his family to Oxford
July 1(?), 1782 - Providence, Rhode Island - 16-year old John gets an apprenticeship in the counting room of Providence, with the established Boston merchants Edward Kinnicut Thompson and Lewis Deblois
October 1(?), 1784 - Providence, Rhode Island - Robert Dabney dies, and John Bass leaves "Thompson and Deblois"
January(?) 1(?), 1785 - Alexandria, Virginia - Dabney goes to Alexandria to earn a living for himself and to support the other members of his family =(START)
May 20, 1785 - Alexandria, Virginia - Letter to Edward Hutchinson
January(?) 1(?), 1789 - Alexandria, Virginia - John Murray of Alexandria writes letters of recommendation to "Clark & Nightingale" and Richard Ward of New York, stating that Dabney "is settled in this town in Co. With a Mr.Rogerson and has done business with reputation". Dabney's other mentor, Edward K. Thompson, also writes to "Ward, Rogerson & Dabney" specialized in crushed limestone in casks, West India and New England rum, hyson and bohea teas, flax, shad, herring, coffee in barrels, country linens, vinegar, New England shoes, Rhode Island potatoes, and occasionally prime pork.
May 9, 1791 - Alexandria, Virginia - Letter to his brother Charles about their mother's death
October 30, 1792 - Dedham, Massachusetts - Dabney marries Roxanne "Roxa" Lewis, from Massachusetts
December 1(?), 1793 - Alexandria, Virginia - The firm of Rogerson and Dabney is dissolved. A local notice appears instructing all persons having depts with the company to pay them to John Bass Dabney. The firm's liquidation coincides with Dabney's decision to go to France
March 19, 1794 - Alexandria, Virginia - Dabney and Roxa's first son, Charles William Dabney, is born
May 1(?), 1794 - France - Dabney goes to France on business, during the "Reign of Terror"
November 1(?), 1794 - Alexandria, Virginia - Letter from John Malcolm Forbes telling Dabney that he had just returned to France from the West Indies and wanted "to talk to [him] in a consice way of Futurity"
December 1(?), 1794 - Bordeaux, France - Dabney arrives in Bordeaux
June 10, 1795 - Nantes, France - Dabney owns 13 ships, mostly in partnership with a George Murray. France was at war with most of its neighbors, including Britain. Because they feared british attacks, french merchant ships unable or unwilling to sail filled french ports. Adding to this number were many british ships that had been captured by the french navy. The surplus of ships in port and the need for ready money must have made for some great bargains. Dabney purchases ten vessels in Nantes ranging from 300 to 850 tons. He was also the owner of part owner of three other ships, two from Boston and one from New York. "I am equipping several of these ships for sea and have cargoes ready, and you may judge that I am...a perfect slave to business". Dabney plans to return to the United States in August "either from here in one of my own ships or from London" Letter to Roxa
January(?) 1(?), 1796 - France - One of Dabney's ships, the "Elizabeth" is captured and taken as a prize to Halifax, resulting in a major financial setback for him. (Dabney wasn't allowed to fly the american flag, and so, his ships were always at risk)
January 30(?), 1796 - Guadalupe - Dabney arrives in Guadalupe. He purchases a ship and seeks an introduction from James Thurber to John Taylor in Antigua to secure assistance in finishing the outfitting of his vessel
June(?) 1(?), 1796 - Alexandria, Virginia - Back in Alexandria, Virginia
January(?) 1(?), 1797 - Nantes - Dabney returns to France with his wife to take up permanent residence. His son Charles stays with one of Dabney's sisters
June(?) 1(?), 1797 - Paris - Dabney and Roxa's second son, George, is born
January(?) 1(?), 1798 - (While in Paris) - The US would not join France in the fight against England, refusing to take action against british ships and even going so far as to capture french naval raiders. This, understandably, resulted in equivalent retaliation during a period of undeclared war between France and the US which extended from 1798 through 1800
January(?) 1(?), 1799(?) - Bordeaux - Dabney and Roxa take residence in Bordeaux. He "was in the wine and other commercial business" there. Wine, sugar and coffee were the three pillars of Bordelaise trade. 20-months old George falls from an unprotected balcony and dies
January(?) 1(?), 1803 - (While in Bordeaux) - Great Britain once again declares war against France and starts seizing french ships on the open seas and ports. Napoleon, who had himself crowned as Emperor in May 1804, did not just sit idly by. He started a hunt throughout France for british agens who were arrested, and many summarily executed
August(?) 1(?), 1804 - Bordeaux, France - Roxa departs Bordeaux for America, with young Charles, as well as the three younger children, Roxalina, John Lewis and Nancy, who had all been born in France. They make a stopover in Plymouth, England
January(?) 1(?), 1804 - Bordeaux, France - Dabney decides to give up his business in Bordeaux and his family sails to the US.
May(?) 1(?), 1804 - Bordeaux, France - Dabney departs to the US alone, via Island of Fayal, Azores
December 22, 1804 - Fayal Island, Azores - Dabney visits Fayal on his way to Boston. He chose that specific island because its main city, Horta, had an excellent protected harbour.
January(?) 1(?), 1805 - (While in Fayal Island) - In Dedham, Massachusetts, a new baby is born and baptized as "John", the same name of the infant son who had died in France
February 20, 1805 - Horta, Fayal Island - Dabney writes to Mr.Jesse Putnam, a friend in Boston, describing Fayal and its main city of Horta
May?) 30(?), 1805 - Boston - Dabney arrives in Boston and sets about doing what was necessary to establish himself in business on Fayal
October(?) 1(?), 1805 - Boston - Dabney makes appliation to the US government "for the Office of Consul General for the United States at the Western Islands (Azores)" aswell as requesting that the post be upgraded to a full consulate
July 1, 1806 - Boston - Letter to President James Madison, accepting his Commission as US Consul at the Azores
July 22(?), 1806 - Boston - Dabney departs to the Azores
August 1(?), 1806 - Fayal Island, Azores - John Bass Dabney arrives in Fayal, from Boston
December 10, 1806 - Fayal Island - A power of attorney is "executed in the presence of John B. Dabney, US Consul" by Tomé de Castro, a merchant on Terceira, to Boston merchant Samuel Williams
April 12, 1807 - Fayal Island - Letter to US Secretary of State James Madison
May 1, 1807 - Fayal Island - Notice comes that John Street (US Vice-Consul) had died at his home on the Island of Pico
May 4, 1807 - Fayal Island - While sick at home, Dabney sends a letter to US Secretary of State James Madison, about the death of John Street, US Vice Consul, at Pico Island
May 12, 1807 - Fayal Island - A friend of Dabney's, William Greaves, informs him that the judge had issued an order to arrest Dabney because there was an erasure on the document of appointment. Dabney is caught in a blatant request for a bribe from the Judge and another intermediary who "would be his friends" if he payed $, but would vex and harass him if he didn't. After negotiations they agree that Dabney was to pay $94 in merchandise and to give the judge a note for about $300. For this the judge would be his "friend" and name him Consul
May 19(?), 1807 - Fayal Island - Dabney writes a formal letter of complaint about the actions of the judge and the intermediary (Thomas Inácio) and indicated that he would try to avoid paying the note.
June 1(?), 1807 - Fayal Island - The whole incident with the Judge and the intermediary lost its importance when Dabney's Exequatur arrives from Lisbon
September 1(?), 1807 - Fayal Island - Roxa Dabney and the four children arrive on Fayal
December 11, 1807 - Fayal Island - Letter to US Secretary of State James Madison: "Information has reached the authorities here from the Government of Portugal of the actual shutting of their Ports against the British Flag, but it is confidently asserted here, that these Islands are to enjoy a kind of Neutrality. Several English vessels are now quietly loading and unloading as in times of profound Peace"
January(?) 1(?), 1808 - Fayal Island - 2½ year old son George falls while playing piggyback with 9 year-old Roxalina. Later in the day he starts to have convultions, but after he recovers it is discovered that his mental abilities were permanently damaged
May 1, 1808 - St.António, Fayal Island - Dabney hears noises like cannons in the distance, and concludes there was some Sea engagement in the vicinity of the Island, but soon after casting his eyes towars the Island of São Jorge (St.George), he perceives a dense column of smoke rising to an immense height, it was soon judged that a Volcano had burst out about the center of that Island, and this was rendered certain when night came on, the fire exhibiting an awful appearance
May 3, 1808 - Velas, São Jorge Island, Azores - being desirous of viewing this wonderful exertion of nature, Dabney embarks with the british consul to Velas, and find the inhabitants perfectly panic struck, and wholly give up to religious ceremonies and devotion.
May 4, 1808 - Urzalina, São Jorge Island - Dabney and the british consul go by water to a small sea port town two leagues to the southward called Urzalina, which was partly covered with cinders, and had turned valuable vineyards into a frightful desert
May 5, 1808 - Fayal Island - Dabney watches small volcanos brake out in the fields he had traversed on May 3rd
May 11, 1808 - Fayal Island - The lava ceases running on St.Jorge, but the larger crater that had lain dormant for 9 days bursted forth like a roaring lion with the most horrid belchings distinctly heard from Fayal
May 20, 1808 - Fayal Island - 13-year old Charles Dabney, already fluent in french and portuguese, is sent by his family to a Mr.Wheaton in the United States to serve "as an apprentice to learn business in his counting room", aswell as morals and handwriting
June 5, 1808 - Fayal Island - The rivers of lava stop at St.Jorge. The town of Urzalina was swept away, aswell as the country houses and cottages adjacent, as well as the Farm houses throughout its course. Dabney explains that the island, which was rich in cattle, corn and wines for exportation is nearly ruined and a scene of great desolation
June 7, 1808 - Fayal Island - James Madison Dabney is born
June 20, 1808 - Fayal Island - Letter to US President Thomas Jefferson telling him in detail about the Volcano in St.Jorge Island
July 27, 1808 - Fayal Island - Letter to Thomas Pinckney, Envoy Extraordinary from the US to the Court in Lisbon. Dabney describes how he tried to ship "a quantity of Jesuits Bark (from which quinine is extracted) to Gibraltar on the british schooner "Experiment". When the "Experiment" was getting ready to sail, the british frigate "Undaunted" enters the bay. Dabney and Thomas Parkin, the british Consul, are treated in the most contemptuous and abusive manner by its captain, who takes the "experiment"
April(?) 1(?), 1809 - Fayal Island - Dabney sends 10-year old Roxalina to England for school
April 27, 1809 - Fayal Island - Letter to Thomas Hickling, Vice-Consul in St.Miguel Island: "Dear Sir, I have to request your aid in sending one some money, say two thousand dollars, by this cheque, or first opportunity that may be present. I shall send you undoubted bills, or reimburse you in some other manner very soon. Vessels are flocking in from every port in America and their expenses coming so suddenly overwhelm one. We pay no duties on their cargoes in or out, numbers are unloading today. You will endeavor to secure as much of this abundant harvest as possible, which I shall of course expect to divide with you. I hope you will be able to secure full commissions, 2% for landing and 2% for loading in the same or other vessels. They pay me so here, and 4% on vessels or cargoes sold to the portuguese or british subjects. American vessels, if they chose to take the risk of loading again must not clear for ports forbidden by law. I depend upon your aiding me momentarily"
June 13, 1809 - Fayal Island - Letter to Robert Smith, US Secretary of State: "Sir, I have the honor to transmit herewith for your information a list of the american vessels arrived at this port since the partial raising of the Embargo to this date, and I enclose at the same time the registers and Mediterranean Passes of five vessels of the above named sold here to foreigners. Of the others some proceeded on to Lisbon or Madeira, some sold or landed their cargoes here and went back to the US. Others after unloading their cargoes and obtaining my certificate of landing have reloaded, and proceeded on, I presume, for british ports, clearing out for Lisbon, Gothemburg, etc, and lastly a number that had recently arrived here when the news was received here of the adjustment of our differences with England, sailed direct for England, intending to enter British ports after the 10th of June. Another vessel the ship "Osage" of New York, took portuguese colors here, and the Captain declined delivering up his register to me"
August 1(?), 1809 - Fayal Island - With no way to give George adequate care on Fayal, Dabney sends him to Mr.Burnett, a businessman who was moving to England: "I send in this vessel my poor little son George in the hope that some relief may be found for his disorder either in England or in Scotland. My former servent José Maria goes with the child and will accompany him to any place you may designate"
August 2, 1809 - Fayal Island - Frederick Dabney is born
September 2, 1809 - Fayal Island - Letter to Henry Hill, US Consul in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
January(?) 1(?), 1810 - Fayal Island - Charles Dabney returns to Fayal because Mr.Wheaton had found him unmanageable and no longer wanted to take the responsability for him
January(?) 1(?), 1811 - Fayal Island - Dabney starts the construction of an house for his family and to serve as US Consulate, to which he gave the name of "Bagatelle"
February 20, 1811 - Fayal Island - Letter to Lemuel Bent (his brother-in-law's brother), describing the islands of the Azores
August 13, 1811 - Fayal Island - Emmeline Dabney is born
December(?) 1(?), 1811 - Fayal Island - Letter to James Monroe, US Secretary of State: "I have the honor to inform you that a few days since the british Sloop of War 'Crane', Captain James Stuart, came into this port & delivered to me seventeen officers and seamen being the crews of the ship 'Asia' of Boston and Brig 'Washington' of Marblehead, captured on their way home from Archangel. These men being in a very destitute situation, I furnished them with a change of clothing & detained the schooner 'Liberty' of New Bedford a few days to take them, being desirous to abridge the expenses of them here by sending them home as promptly as possible. Yesterday the above mentioned ship 'Asia' entered this port, the sloop of War being still here. Head winds had prevented the 'Asia' from reaching St.Johns Newfoundland to which place she had been ordered. As soon as she came to anchor Capt. Stuart presented himself at my office & after some preliminary conversation in which he expressed great regret for having captured the 'Asia' and 'Washington', stated that the object of his visit was to surrender the ship 'Asia' and her cargo to me for account of her owner which proposal I readily accepted & the ship will tomorrow resume her voyage for Boston. The Brig it is presumed reached St.Johns. I dismissed the schooner with a small gratuity for her detention & trouble the Capt. Had as the 'Asia' will carry home the crew of the 'Washington' at her expense to the US"
June 18, 1812 - (While in Fayal Island) - The United States declare war to Great Britain
February 15, 1813 - Fayal Island - Letter to James Lovett: "The present convulsed state of the World has not only suspended all communication regarding commercial affairs, but has shut the door to almost all modes of communication between this island and other countries"
January(?) 1(?), 1814 - Fayal Island - The Dabneys move to the "Bagatelle"
September 26, 1814 - Horta, Fayal Island - 
The american privateer "General Armstrong" enters the Bay of Horta and anchors. Its commander, Captain Samuel Chester Reid, goes ashore to get permission to resupply his ship with food and water. He has dinner with the Dabneys at "Bagatelle". Letter to The Governor of Fayal
Battle of Fayal - The "General Armstrong"
is attacked by the british, 1814
September 27, 1814 - Fayal Island - Three british warships enter the Bay of Horta, the 18-gun brig "Carnation", the 44-gun frigate "Rota" and the 74-gun ship-of-the-line "Plantagenet", under overall command of Captain Robert Lloyd, known as "Mad Lloyd". Captain Reid thinks about escaping but the wind had died down. Sensing that there would be trouble, Dabney sends his 21-year old son Charles on board the "General Armstrong" with a message 'to recommend Capt. Reid to slip his castle and warp his vessel close-in under the guns of the castle'". As Charles Dabney returned to shore, Captain Reid carried out the suggestion. During a first attack, the british boats with sailors and marines are repelled with devastating losses: 120 dead and 130 wounded, to 1 dead and 7 wounded americans
September 28, 1814 - Horta, Fayal Island - Charles delivers another message to Captain Reid from Dabney, in which he is praised for his ferocious defence and advised to scuttle his ship to bring his crew and wounded ashore. After exchanging broadsides with the "Carnation", Reid orders it scuttled. The boatswain cuts off the figurehead of the ship, a bust of General Armstrong, so the enemy couldn't have it. Soon after the british board her and set it on fire
September 30, 1814 - Horta, Fayal Island - The british ships "Thais" and "Calypso" enter the Bay of Horta. Captain Lloyd appropriates them to take his wounded men back to England
October 5, 1814 - Horta, Fayal Island - "Thais" and "Calypso" depart Horta to England, each carrying 25 badly wounded men
December 24, 1814 - (While in Fayal Island) - The Treaty of Ghent ends the War of 1812
January(?) 1(?), 1815 - Fayal Island - Dabney sends the ship "Dona Maria Thereza", with Captain Cushing in command, to St.Petersburg. Accompanying the ship as supercargo was his son Charles. Pico wine was a favourite in the Czar's household and shipments of it to Russia by the Dabneys became routine. Later, the russians visited Fayal and one visit even resulted in a marriage between a young woman of the island and a Russian Nobleman
February(?) 1(?), 1815 - Fayal Island - Letter to US President James Madison, about Charles William Dabney's solicitation of the office of Vice-Consul to the Azores
March(?) 1(?), 1815 - Fayal Island - News of the Treaty of Ghent reach Dabney in Fayal
March 16, 1815 - Fayal Island - Olivia Dabney is born
May 23, 1817 - Horta, Fayal Island - George Crowninshield Jr arrives in the Bay of Horta from Salem, Massachusetts, in his yacht "Cleopatra's Barge". It was the first american yacht built. Crowninshield Jr is taken up to "Bagatelle" where he receives "a most hospitable reception"
May 25, 1817 - Fayal Island - William Henry Dabney is born
January(?) 1(?), 1818 - (While in Fayal Island) - Congress passes a bill to repay the dept of almost $4,500 to Dabney
March 17, 1818 - Horta, Fayal Island - Letter to John Lewis Dabney
April(?) 1(?), 1818 - Horta, Fayal Island - Dabney and Roxa depart for America with some of their older children
May(?) 1(?), 1818 - Nantucket - Dabney and family have to land at Nantucket because their ship sprang a leak after hitting another vessel and had to be repaired
June(?) 1(?), 1818 - Boston - The Dabneys complete their voyage to Boston
June 26, 1818 - While in Boston - Daughter Roxalina writes from Nantucket, after the stormy 25-day journey
December(?) 1(?), 1818 - Fayal Island - The Dabneys return to Fayal Island
March 5, 1819 - Fayal Island - Letter to S.W. Pomeroy
July 10, 1819 - Fayal Island - Letter about his appointment as honorary member of the Society for promotion of Agriculture
April 2, 1820 - While in Fayal Island - Clara Dabney, the first granddaughter, is born
April 15(?), 1820 - Fayal Island - Letter to the eldest son, Charles William Dabney, with priceless pieces of wisdom gathered during his life's experiences to increase his success in all aspects of life
May 1(?), 1821 - Fayal Island - Letter to the US Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, describing the revolutionary activities in the Azores
May 12, 1821 - Fayal Island - During the liberal post-revolutionary times, two portuguese warships from Lisbon anchor in the Bay of Horta and after a meeting between the captains and the Governor of Fayal, the Island adopts the liberal system. Celebrations begin on the island
July 7, 1821 - Fayal Island - Embarks for St.Miguel Island with part of the family
July 9, 1821 - Ponta Delgada, St.Miguel Island - Arrives at St.Miguel Island, where he stays for one month
January(?) 1(?), 1822 - (While in Fayal Island) - George Dabney dies in an asylum in England, aged 17
February 20, 1822 - Fayal Island - Letter to his nephew, John Dabney Young, with priceless pieces of wisdom gathered during his life's experiences to increase his success in all aspects of life
August 5, 1822 - Fayal Island - Letter to Charles William Dabney in Boston, about a shipment of wine from the Azores to him in the US
June 17, 1824 - Fayal Island - Letter to Charles William Dabney in St.Miguel Island
November 29, 1825 - Philadelphia, United States - Letter to Charles William Dabney in Fayal Island
January 15, 1826 - Philadelphia - Letter to Charles William Dabney in Fayal Island
April 2, 1826 - Philadelphia - Letter to Eliza Spalding
June 28, 1826 - Fayal Island - Returns to Fayal Island
July 12, 1826 - Fayal Island - Letter to the US Secretary of State
September 1, 1826 - Fayal Island - Short message to Charles William Dabney in Pico Island about a horse
September 2, 1826 - Fayal Island, Azores - John Bass Dabney dies suddenly of appoplexy, aged 59 =(END)

Bibliography

ABDO, Joseph C. - "On the edge of History"

JARNAGIN, Laura - "A Confluence of Transatlantic Networks"
MÓNICA, Maria Filomena | SILVEIRA E SOUSA, Paulo - "The Dabneys - A bostonian family in the Azores"

2 comments:

  1. What great productivity and such interesting posts. Congratulations!

    ReplyDelete
  2. Where was the Dabney’s house on Pico Island

    ReplyDelete