Thursday 19 March 2020

Frida Kahlo | Timeline

Frida Kahlo (born Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón; 6 July 1907 – 13 July 1954) was a Mexican painter known for her many portraits, self-portraits, and works inspired by the nature and artifacts of Mexico. Inspired by the country's popular culture, she employed a naïve folk art style to explore questions of identity, postcolonialism, gender, class, and race in Mexican society. Her paintings often had strong autobiographical elements and mixed realism with fantasy. In addition to belonging to the post-revolutionary Mexicayotl movement, which sought to define a Mexican identity, Kahlo has been described as a surrealist or magical realist. (Intro From Wikipedia)

July 6, 1907 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón is born to a german father and a "mestiza" mother
January(?) 1(?), 1914 - Coyoacán - Frida contracts polio, which makes her right leg shorter and thinner than the left. Her father encourages her to become active in sports to regain her strength
January(?) 1(?), 1922 - Coyoacán - Frida is accepted to the elite National Preparatory School. She focus on natural sciences with the aim of becoming a doctor. She sees painter Diego Rivera for the first time, as he works on a mural at the school
January(?) 1(?), 1923 - Coyoacán - Frida Kahlo begins dating fellow student Alejandro Gómez Arias. They spend hours at the Ibero American Library, reading Gogol, Tolstoy, Spengler, Hegel, Kant and others
October 24, 1924 - Coyoacán - First self-portrait, made during the night, after having a dream =(START)
January(?) 1(?), 1925 - Coyoacán - Begins working outside to help her family
September 17, 1925 - Coyoacán - Frida Kahlo and Alejandro Gómez Arias, are on their way home from school when the wooden bus they are riding collides with a streetcar. The accident kills several people and fractures Frida's ribs, both her legs and her collarbone. An iron handrail impales her through her pelvis, fracturing the pelvic bone
October 17(?), 1925 - Mexico City - Frida Kahlo leaves hospital after a month
October 25, 1925 - Mexico City - Letter to Alejandro Gómez Arias
December 1(?), 1925 - Coyoacán - Frida regains the use of her legs
December 24(?), 1925 - Mexico City - Frida Kahlo visits Alejandro just before Christmas. She waits outside his door, but he doesn't come out to meet her
January(?) 1(?), 1926 - Coyoacán - Frida Kahlo returns to work after another 2 months at home. Doctors discover three vertebrae out of place. To keep her spine immobilized, Frida Kahlo's torso is encased in a corset
January 10, 1927 - Coyoacán - Letter to Alejandro Gómez Arias
March 1(?), 1927 - Mexico City - Alejandro departs to Berlin (via Vera Cruz) without saying goodbye to Frida
April 10, 1927 - Coyoacán - Letter to Alejandro Gómez Arias
May 7, 1927 - Coyoacán - Letter to Alejandro Gómez Arias
May 31, 1927 - Coyoacán - Letter to Alejandro Gómez Arias
June 4, 1927 - Coyoacán - Letter to Alejandro Gómez Arias
July 23, 1927 - Coyoacán - Letter to Alejandro Gómez Arias
August(?) 1(?), 1927 - Coyoacán - Frida Kahlo joins the Mexican Communist Party
December(?) 1(?), 1927 - Coyoacán - She leaves bed rest and begins socializing with her old schoolfriends
September(?) 1(?), 1928 - Mexico City - Meets painter Diego Rivera at one of Tina Modotti's parties
May 1, 1929 - Mexico City - Frida Kahlo, Diego Rivera and Tina Modotti join a demonstration of the Syndicate of Technical Workers, Painters and Sculptors
Diego Rivera & Frida Kahlo
August 21, 1929 - Coyoacán - Marries Diego Rivera
December 1(?), 1929 - Cuernavaca, Morelos - Moves to Cuernavaca with Rivera, where he had been commissioned to paint murals for the Palace of Cortés
June 1(?), 1930 - Cuernavaca - She terminates a 3-month pregnancy, owing to the incorrect position of the fetus
November 7, 1930 - Cuernavaca - Rivera is forced to resign from his directorship of the Academy of San Carlos. He finishes the murals at the Palace of Cortés in Cuernavaca. He receives commissions to create murals in San Francisco, U.S.A. and leaves Mexico with Frida Kahlo to go to San Francisco
November 13, 1930 - San Francisco, United States - Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo arrive in San Francisco, where Rivera was going to paint murals for the Luncheon Club of the San Francisco Stock Exchange and the California School of Fine Arts. Dorothea Lange introduces Frida to Dr.Leo Eloesser, a man who would become her lifelong physician and trusted friend
November 21, 1930 - San Francisco - Letter to her Mother: "The gringas really like me a lot and take notice of all the dresses and rebozos that I brought with me, their jaws drop at the sight of my jade necklaces and all the painters want me to pose for them"
April 1(?), 1931 - San Francisco - Paints "Frida and Diego Rivera" for Albert M. Bender, an art collector
May 1, 1931 - San Francisco - Diego Rivera begins work on the mural "The Making of a Fresco Showing the Building of a City". Frida Kahlo meets photographer Nicholas Muray and begins an affair with him
May 3, 1931 - San Francisco - Letter to Isabel Campos
May 31, 1931 - San Francisco - First letter to Nickolas Muray. Diego Rivera finishes work on the mural "The Making of a Fresco Showing the Building of a City"
June 8, 1931 - Mexico City - Kahlo and Rivera return to Mexico for 5 months
June 14, 1931 - Coyoacán - Letter to Leo Eloesser
July(?) 1(?), 1931 - Mexico City - Rivera and Kahlo meet the Russian film maker Sergei Eisenstein, who is inspired by Rivera's works to produce a film entitled "Qué Viva México"
September 2, 1931 - Coyoacán - Letter to Clara and Gerry Strang
November 4, 1931 - While travelling to New York - Works by Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera are included in the 6th Annual Exhibition of the San Francisco Society of Women Artists in the Palace of the Legion of Honor (until December 3rd)
November 13, 1931 - New York - They arrive in New York for the opening of Rivera's retrospective at the Museum of Modern Art
November 14, 1931 - New York - Letter to her Mother: "New York is simply a marvel" It is hard to believe it was built by humans, it appears like magic"
December 23, 1931 - New York - Opening of Rivera's solo exhibition at the Museum of Modern Arts
April 21, 1932 - Detroit - Moves to Detroit with Rivera, who had been commissioned to paint Murals for the Detroit Institute of Arts
May 25(?), 1932 - Detroit - Frida Kahlo discovers she is pregnant
May 26, 1932 - Detroit - Letter to Dr. Leo Eloesser about her pregnancy
July 4, 1932 - Detroit - Suffers a miscarriage, which causes a serious hemorrhage. She is hospitalized for 2 weeks
July 29, 1932 - Detroit - Letter to Dr. Leo Eloesser
September 14, 1932 - While in Detroit - Her mother, Mathilde Calderón, dies during a gall-bladder operation
February 2, 1933 - Detroit - Interview with the "Detroit News" - "Of course he [Rivera] does well for a little boy, but it is I who am the big artist"
March 5(?), 1933 - New York - Kahlo and Rivera return to New York, where Rivera had been commissioned to paint a mural for the Rockefeller Center
March 10(?), 1933 - New York - Letter to Georgia O'Keefe (hospitalized after a nervous breakdown): "I thought of you a lot and never forget your wonderful hands and the color of your eyes." (...) "If you [are] still in the hospital when I come back I will bring you flowers, but it is so difficult to find the ones I would like for you. I would be so happy if you could write me even two words. I like you very much Georgia"
April 11, 1933 - New York - Letter to a friend: "O'Keefe was in the hospital for three months, she went to Bermuda for a rest. She didn’t made [sic] love to me that time, I think on account of her weakness. Too bad. Well that’s all I can tell you until now"
May 9, 1933 - New York - Rivera is fired from the Rockefeller Center and is instead hired to paint a mural for the New Workers School
November 16, 1933 - New York - Letter to Isabel Campos
December 20, 1933 - New York - Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera depart to Vera Cruz (via Cuba) on board the "Oriente"
December 30(?), 1933 - San Ángel, Mexico City - Kahlo and Rivera return home after the mural's unveiling
January(?) 1(?), 1934 - Mexico City - Frida Kahlo undergoes an appendectomy and the first surgery on her right foot, having the five distal phalanges amputated due to a vascular problem
July 11, 1934 - San Ángel, Mexico City - Letter to Ella Wolfe
October 18, 1934 - San Ángel, Mexico City - Letter to Ella and Betram Wolfe
January(?) 1(?), 1935 - Mexico City - Moves to an apartment in central Mexico City after discovering that Rivera was having an affair with her sister Cristina
July 23, 1935 - Mexico City - Letter to Diego Rivera
October(?) 1(?), 1935 - San Ángel, Mexico City - Kahlo and Rivera reconcile. She moves back to San Ángel
January(?) 1(?), 1936 - San Ángel, Mexico City - Resumes her political activities, joining the Fourth International and becoming a founding member of a solidarity committee to provide aid to the Republicans in the Spanish Civil War
March 1(?), 1936 - San Ángel, Mexico City - Letter to Ella Wolfe
April 29, 1936 - San Ángel, Mexico City - Letter to Mexican composer Carlos Chávez
November 23, 1936 - Mexico City - Rivera and Kahlo participate in a Mexican Labor's anti-fascist demonstration
January(?) 1(?), 1937 - Mexico City - Frida Kahlo undergoes a sympathectomy and a third surgery on her right foot, to remove the sesamoid bones
January 9, 1937 - Tampico, Mexico - Leon Trotsky and Natalia Sedova arrive in Mexico at Tampico. Frida Kahlo is waiting for them on the dock
January 15(?), 1937 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Trotsky and Natalia Sedova are offered the "La Casa Azul" (Blue House) as a residence. Frida Kahlo begins an affair with him
July 7, 1937 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Trotsky and his party move to a hacienda 80 miles from Mexico City due to security concerns. End of the affair with Frida Kahlo
November 7, 1937 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Frida Kahlo dedicates her new painting "Between the Curtains" to Leon Trotsky
February 14, 1938 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Letter to her friend Lucienne Bloch: "I have painted about 12 paintings, all small and unimportant, with the same personal subjects that only appeal to myself and nobody else... Four or Five people told me they were swell, the rest think they are too crazy. To my surprise, Julian [sic] Levy wrote me a letter, saying that somebody talked to him about my paintings and that he was very much interested in having an exhibition in his gallery"
April 2, 1938 - While in Coyoacán, Mexico City - French surrealist poet and essayist André Breton and his wife, Jacqueline Lamba, depart to Mexico to visit the "Riveras"
April 18, 1938 - While in Coyoacán, Mexico City - André Breton and Jacqueline Lamba, arrive in Mexico. While Frida stays at Coyoacán, Diego Rivera meets them at the dock in Veracruz. Although Frida finds Breton pretentious, he is impressed by her work and becomes one of her biggest admirers, promising to arrange for her paintings to be exhibited in Paris. Breton also writes to his friend and art dealer, Julien Levy, who invites her to hold her first solo exhibition at his gallery in Manhattan
May(?) 1(?), 1938 - Michoacán | Jalisco - Trip to Michoacán and Jalisco with André Breton, Natalia Sedova and Diego Rivera
August 1, 1938 - While in Coyoacán, Mexico City - The Bretons depart to France
August 11, 1938 - While in Coyoacán, Mexico City - The Bretons arrive in France
September(?) 1(?), 1938 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Makes her first significant sale when film star and art collector Edward G. Robinson (who was visiting Rivera) purchases 4 paintings at $200 each
October 1(?), 1938 - New York - Travels alone to New York
November 1, 1938 - New York - First solo exhibition at the Julien Levy Gallery in New York (until November 15th). Frida Kahlo sells half of her 25 paintings presented in the exhibition. Frida and american photographer Nikolas Muray become lovers
January 19(?), 1939 - New York - Departs to Le Havre on board the ocean liner "SS Paris"
The two Fridas, 1939

January 24(?), 1939 - Le Havre, France - The "SS Paris" docks at Le Havre
January 25, 1939 - Paris - Arrives in Paris, after crossing the Atlantic. She stays with the Bretons
January 28, 1939 - Paris - Letter to Diego Rivera
February 16, 1939 - Paris - Letter to Nickolas Muray in New York
February 27, 1939 - Paris - Letter to Nickolas Muray in New York
March 10, 1939 - Paris - Opening of "Mexique", an exhibition of her works in the Colle Gallery in Paris. The Louvre Museum buys her paiting "El Marco (The Frame)". Frida Kahlo meets Pablo Picasso and Joan Miró
March 17, 1939 - Paris - Letter to her friends Ella and Betram Wolfe
March 25, 1939 - Le Havre - Sails to New York on board the ocean liner "Normandie"
March 30, 1939 - New York - The "Normandie" reaches New York. Frida Kahlo learns that Muray is having an affair with onother woman.
April 1(?), 1939 - While in New York(?) - Rivera quarrels with Trotsky after finding out about his affair with Frida Kahlo. Trotsky and Natalia Sedova leave the "La Casa Azul"
April 14, 1939 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Back in Mexico. Moves back to her family house in Coyoacán (photographed there in April 14th)
June 13, 1939 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Letter to Nickolas Muray in New York
September 12, 1939 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Passionate letter to Diego Rivera, never delivered
October(?) 1(?), 1939 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Rivera requests a divorce from her
November 6, 1939 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Frida Kahlo and Rivera are granted a divorce, but they remain friendly
December(?) 1(?), 1939 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Moves back to the "La Casa Azul"
Self-portrait with Thorn necklace
and hummingbird,  1940
January 1(?), 1940 - Mexico City - Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera's works are exhibited in the "Exposicion Internacional del Surrealismo" at Ines Amor's Galeria de Arte Mexicano
January 11, 1940 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Letter to Nickolas Muray in New York
August 21, 1940 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Leon Trotsky is assassinated. Frida Kahlo is considered a suspect and is arrested with her sister Cristina for two days
September 1(?), 1940 - San Francisco, United States - Travels to San Francisco for medical treatment for back pain and a fungal infection on her hand. While trying to reconcile with her, Diego Rivera introduces Frida to the public relations officer of the Golden Gate Exhibition, a young refugee from Nazi Germany - Heinz Berggruen. Both of them are immediately attracted to each other
October(?) 1(?), 1940 - Manhattan, New York - After leaving hospital, Frida Kahlo and Heinz Berggruen travel to New York and spend a tempestuous time together, staying at the Barbizon-Plaza Hotel and touring the Manhattan party circuit
October 24, 1940 - Manhattan - Letter to Emmy Lou Packard
December 8, 1940 - San Francisco - Marries Diego Rivera for the second time
February 1(?), 1941 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Rivera and Kahlo return to Mexico
March 15, 1941 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Letter to Leo Eloesser
April 14, 1941 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Plunges into depression after her father Guillermo (Wilhelm) dies
July 18, 1941 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Letter to Leo Eloesser complaining about her health
November 18, 1941 - While in Coyoacán, Mexico City - Her works are featured at the "Modern Mexican Painters" exhibition in the Institute of Contemporary Art in Boston (until July 31st, 1942)
December 15, 1941 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Letter to Emmy Lou Packard
December 17, 1941 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Telegram to Emmy Lou Packard
February 28, 1942 - Mexico City - She becomes a founding member of the "Seminario de Cultura Mexicana", a group of twenty-five artists commissioned by the Ministry of Public Education in 1942 to spread public knowledge of Mexican culture
November 20, 1942 - Mexico City - First Exhibition organized by the "Seminario de Cultura Mexicana" in the Bellas Artes Palace, Mexico City
December 9, 1942 - While in Coyoacán, Mexico City - Frida Kahlo's paintings are included in two high-profile exhibitions in New York, the Twentieth-Century Portraits exhibition at the MoMA (until January 24th, 1943) and the Surrealists' First Papers of Surrealism exhibition
January(?) 1(?), 1943 - While in Coyoacán, Mexico City - Frida Kahlo is included in the "Mexican Art Today" exhibition at the Philadelphia Museum of Art and "Women Artists" at Peggy Guggenheim's The Art of This Century gallery in New York. She accepts a teaching position at the Escuela Nacional de Pintura, Escultura y Grabado "La Esmeralda"
January 5, 1943 - While in Coyoacán, Mexico City - "Exhibition by 31 Woman" in New York (until February 6th). Frida Kahlo is one of the selected artists
January 15(?), 1943 - Mexico City - Exhibition "A Hundred Years of Portraits in Mexico" staged at the English-language Benjamin Franklin Library (Mexico City)
February 14, 1943 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Letter to Marte R. Gómez
June 19, 1943 - Mexico City - Inauguration of "La Rosita" Pulque Bar, painted by Frida Kahlo and her students
La columna rota
(The Broken Column), 1944
January(?) 1(?), 1944 - Mexico City - Exhibition staged at the English-language Benjamin Franklin Library (Mexico City)
January(?) 1(?), 1945 - Mexico City - Doctor Ramiriz Moreno Frida Kahlo is diagnosed with syphilis and begins blood transfusions. The pain continues but syphilis is never proved
June 1(?), 1945 - New York - Travels to New York for an operation which fuses a bone graft and a steel support to her spine to straighten it. The difficult operation is a failure. Frida Kahlo also sabotages her recovery by not resting as required and by once physically re-opening her wounds in a fit of anger
June 30, 1946 - New York - Letter to Alejandro Gómez Arias about her surgery
August 1(?), 1946 - While in New York(?) - First of 25 love letters to catalan painter, Jose Bartoli, with whom she fell in love
September 1(?), 1946 - Mexico City - Receives a 5000-peso "national prize of Arts and Sciences" for her painting "Moses"
October 1(?), 1946 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Frida Kahlo returns to Mexico, confined to an iron corset for 8 months. Large doses of morphine are prescribed for her pain
October 23, 1946 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Letter to Ella Wolfe: "I'm getting better and I'm already painting again"
January(?) 1(?), 1947 - Mexico City - "The Two Fridas" is purchased by the Museo de Arte Moderno. Frida Kahlo is visited by indian writer Nayantara Sahgal
January(?) 1(?), 1948 - Mexico City - Rejoins the Mexican Communist Party
October(?) 1(?), 1948 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Rivera begins an affair with actress Maria Felix, that causes a public scandal
January(?) 1(?), 1949 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Her right foot becomes gangrenous. She is re-admitted to the Communist Party of Mexico, but Rivera's third application for re-admission is rejected
June 1(?), 1949 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - The affair between Diego Rivera and Maria Felix ends
November 1(?), 1949 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Last of 25 love letters to catalan painter, Jose Bartoli
January(?) 1(?), 1950 - Mexico City - Bone graft surgery on her spine. (The first of 7 during 1950). Spends most of the year in Hospital ABC in Mexico City. Rivera sleeps in a room next to hers
February 1(?), 1950 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Letter to Leo Eloesser: "When will I see you again? It does me so much good to know that you love me and that no matter where you go, you hide me (from heaven). Your Frida loves you"
The wounded Deer, 1946
January(?) 1(?), 1951 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - She is confined to bed at home for much of the time. A nurse is hired to take care of her and giver her painkiller injections
June 10, 1951 - While in Coyoacán, Mexico City - Newspaper "Novedades" publishes a tribute to Frida Kahlo's life and work
April 13, 1953 - Mexico City - First solo exhibition in Mexico (until April 27th). Frida Kahlo attends the exhibition opening in her bed, which is carried by an ambulance to the Gallery
August 1(?), 1953 - Mexico City - Kahlo's right leg is amputated at the knee due to gangrene. She becomes depressive, anxious, and her dependency on painkillers increases
February 1(?), 1954 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Diary: "they have given me centuries of torture and at moments I almost lost my reason. I keep on wanting to kill myself. Diego is what keeps me from it, through my vain idea that he would miss me. ... But never in my life have I suffered more. I will wait a while..."
Painting in bed, 1952
April 19, 1954 - Mexico City - Frida Kahlo is hospitalized for 2 months (after failing health, or a suicide attempt)
April 27, 1954 - While in Hospital, Mexico City - Diary: "I am well again - I've made a promise and I'll keep it never to turn back"
May 6, 1954 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Frida Kahlo falls and a needle on the floor gets lodged in her buttocks. She has to remove it in hospital
June 1(?), 1954 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Contracts bronchial pneumonia. She is confined to bed for most of June
July 2, 1954 - Mexico City - Makes a public appearance, participating with Rivera in a demostration against the CIA invasion of Guatemala, however, it worsens her illness
July 12, 1954 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Kahlo has high fevers and extreme pain. That evening she gives Rivera a wedding anniversary present, over a month in advance...
July 13, 1954 - Coyoacán, Mexico City - Frida Kahlo is found dead in the morning, aged 47, most likely having committed suicide by overdose (she took 11 painkillers instead of the maximum prescribed dose of 7). Her last written diary  entry reads: "I hope the exit is joyful - and I hope never to return" =(END)

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