Tuesday, 9 January 2018

William Bradford | Timeline

William Bradford (c. 19 March 1590 – May 9, 1657) was an English Separatist originally from the West Riding of Yorkshire. He moved to Leiden in Holland in order to escape persecution from King James I of England, and then emigrated to the Plymouth Colony on the Mayflower in 1620. He was a signatory to the Mayflower Compact and went on to serve as Governor of the Plymouth Colony intermittently for about 30 years between 1621 and 1657. His journal Of Plymouth Plantation covered the years from 1620 to 1657 in Plymouth. (Intro from Wikipedia)

March 19, 1590 - Austerfield, Yorkshire - William Bradford is born (baptism date)
January(?) 1(?), 1591 - Austerfield(?) - William's father dies
January(?) 1(?), 1594 - Austerfield(?) - Alice Bradford, his mother, remarries, and William is sent to live with his grandfather
January(?) 1(?), 1596 - Austerfield(?) - William's grandfather dies and he returns to live with his mother and stepfather
January(?) 1(?), 1597 - Austerfield(?) - Alice Bradford, his mother, dies, leaving the 7-year old William an orphan. He is sent to live with two uncles
April(?) 1(?)., 1602 - Babworth | Scrooby Manor - William is invited to attend a sermon by Rev. Richard Clyfton, 10 miles away from Austerfield. He starts attending the sermons and meeting with William Brewster, a bailiff and postmaster, which tells him stories about church reform and lends him books
January(?) 1(?), 1607 - Scrooby Manor (4 miles from Austerfield) - Secret meetings begin at Scrooby Manor with 50 reformists being led by Richard Clyfton. They decide to sever all ties with the Church of England
June(?) 1(?), 1607 - London(?) - The congregation departs to Holland, but is betrayed by the ship's captain who turns them to the authorities. Bradford is arrested for some time
August 1(?), 1608 - Amsterdam - 18-year old Bradford arrives in Amsterdam =(START)
May 1(?), 1609 - Leiden - After nine months, the group chooses to relocate to the smaller city of Leiden
January(?) 1(?), 1611 - Leiden - Bradford is able to claim his family inheritance. He buys his own house and sets up a workshop as a fustian weaver, and earns a reputable standing
January(?) 1(?), 1613 - Leiden - Civil marriage with Dorothy May, the daughter of a well-off english couple living in Amsterdam
January(?) 1(?), 1617 - Leiden - With their children being influenced by dutch customs and language, the congregation begins planning the establishment of their own colony in the Americas
January(?) 1(?), 1619 - Leiden - Bradford sells his house in Leiden
March 1(?), 1620 - Aldgate, London - Bradford is taxed for personal property at the Duke's Place, Aldgate, an area of London known to be residence of numerous dutch merchants, as well as many religious dissenters
July 15(?), 1620 - Rotherhithe, London - 65 passenger embark the "Mayflower" on the Thames River
July 22, 1620 - Southampton Water - At the south coast of England, the "Mayflower" waits for a rendezvous with the "Speedwell", which was coming from Holland with another 50 english puritan separatists
August 5, 1620 - Southampton Water - The "Mayflower" and the "Speedwell" set sail to America
August 10(?), 1620 - Dartmouth - "Speedwell" starts leaking and the two ships have to stop at Dartmouth for repairs
September 5(?), 1620 - Plymouth - After both ships resume their voyage, the "Speedwell" springs another leak (possible sabotage). The ship has to be abandoned and later sold. Some passengers join the "Mayflower" and others return to Holland
September 16, 1620 - Plymouth - Bradford departs from Plymouth aboard the "Mayflower", with 130 people aboard (102 passengers)
November 19, 1620 - Off Cape Cod - After two months at sea, the colonists spot Cape Cod Hook
November 21, 1620 - Provincetown Harbor (Cape Cod Hook) - They plan to sail south to the Colony of Virginia, but after two days of strong winds, they are forced to return to the harbor at Cape Cod Hook, where they anchor. The settlers write and sign the "Mayflower Compact"
December 6, 1620 - Plymouth Bay - Bradford departs from the "Mayflower" and locates present-day Plymouth Bay
December 17, 1620 - (While in Plymouth Bay) - Dorothy May falls from the deck of the "Mayflower" (possibly slipped) and drowns
December 20, 1620 - Plymouth Bay - The "Mayflower" arrives in Plymouth Bay
December 25, 1620 - Plymouth Bay - The colony's first house begins building on Christmas
January 11, 1621 - Plymouth, Massachusetts - An epidemic starts, and Bradford falls sick while helping to build houses. Although it was feared that he would not last the night, he recovers
March 16, 1621 - Plymouth - First meeting with the Native Americans. Samoset, an abenaki, walks into the settlement as a representative of Massasoit and greets the settlers in english (which he had learned from english fishermen)
March 21, 1621 - Plymouth - After spending Winter aboard the "Mayflower", the 53 survivors disembark and build huts ashore
March 22, 1621 - Plymouth - Massasoit, the leader of the Wampanoag tribe, visits the settlement and signs a treaty with John Carver, Governor of Plymouth
April 5, 1621 - Plymouth - Captain Christopher Jones departs to England on the "Mayflower" as soon as his crew recovers from the same diseases that were felling the pilgrims
April 10(?), 1621 - Plymouth - Governor John Carver dies a few days after collapsing in the fields on a hot day. The Settlers choose Bradford as the new Governor
September 29, 1621 - Plymouth - First Thanksgiving, likely around Michaelmas (Sept.29) (according to James Baker, the Plimoth Plantation vice-president of research). The 53 surviving pilgrims celebrate for three days, accompanied by 90 natives
June 30, 1623 - Plymouth - First Civil Thanksgiving (According with William DeLoss). For the first time, the order to recognize the event comes from Civil Authority (William Bradford) and not the church
August 14, 1623 - Plymouth - Governor Bradford marries Alice Southworth
Excerpt from "Of Plymouth Plantation"
January(?) 1(?), 1624 - Plymouth - The leadership structure of Plymouth Colony is changed. Instead of an assistant governor, Bradford begins being advised by a council of five assistants or magistrates
June 17, 1624 - Plymouth - Bradford and Alice's first son, William, is born
May 22, 1627 - Plymouth - Mercy, the first daughter, is born
January(?) 1(?), 1630 - Plymouth - Second son, Joseph, is born. Bradford begins writing an account of the life of the pilgrims called "Of Plymouth Plantation"
January(?) 1(?), 1651 - Plymouth - Last entry in "Of Plymouth Plantation"
May 9, 1657 - Plymouth, Massachusetts - William Bradford dies, aged 67 =(END)

Bibliography

Doherty, Kieran - "William Bradford: Rock of Plymouth"

Schmidt, Gary D. - "William Bradford: Plymouth's Faithful Pilgrim"

Whitehurst, Susan - "William Bradford and Plymouth: A Colony Grows"

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